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SCIENCE
Fourth Quarter – Module 6
Eclipse
ECLIPSE
ECLIPSE
Eclipse
FAIR USE AND CONTENT DISCLAIMER: This SLM (Self Learning Module) is for
educational purposes only. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures,
photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in these modules are owned by their
respective copyright holders. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them. Sincerest appreciation to those who have made significant
contributions to these modules.
Introductory Message
What do you notice when the Sun begins to disappear in your way home
from school even in the middle of a fine day? Have you also observed when
the Moon suddenly changes its color into blood red at night? How and why do
these things happen? Let’s answer these questions as you go over with the
module.
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning about the occurrence of a
eclipse at your own pace and time. You will be able to process the contents of
the learning resource while being an active learner.
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This section provides a brief discussion
What is It of the lesson. This aims to help you
discover and understand new concepts
and skills.
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At the end of this module, you will also find:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use the Science activity notebook in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with
it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain a deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
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Table of Contents
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What I Need to Know
All planets which revolve around the Sun cast shadows into space. This casting
of shadow is known as eclipse. An eclipse is a phenomenon or event that involves
the partial or total shadowing of one celestial body to another. Two kinds of eclipse
that can be naturally observed on Earth are the solar and lunar eclipses. What are
these and when will they occur? You will find out as you go through this module.
After going through this module, you should be able to explain how solar and
lunar eclipses occur using models.
In going through this module, it is a must that you extend your patience in
understanding and analyzing what you are reading about the topic. Follow the
directions and/or instructions provided in the activities. Answer the entire given tests
and exercises carefully. Comply with the required activities provided.
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What I Know
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the letter of your answers in
your Science activity notebook.
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7. Which part of the earth’s shadow places the Moon in a total lunar eclipse?
A. Umbra C. Both A & B
B. Penumbra D. None of the above
8. It occurs when the Moon goes directly in between the Earth and the Sun.
9. It occurs when the Earth enters the Moon’s umbra.
10. Maggie is seeing a lunar eclipse at the night sky. She observed that only a part of
the Moon is darker while the rest is lighter. Which type of eclipse has Maggie
observed?
14. What will take place when the Moon is partially covered by a shadow?
15. During what type of lunar eclipse will the Moon appear to be blood red in color?
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Lesson
Solar Eclipse
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What’s In
Before you proceed to the next lesson, recall first on the seasons of the earth
by answering Activity 1 below. Enjoy and have fun!
Figure 1. The tilted location of the Earth at different times of the year.
1. In which months is the North Pole tilted or slanted towards the Sun?
2. In which months is the North Pole tilted or slanted away from the Sun?
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What’s New
1. Pierce the middle of the small ball with a barbecue stick. Then, push the stick into
a block of wood to let it stand as shown in Figure 2 below. The small ball represents
the Moon. Do the same to the big ball which represents the Earth.
2. Hold the flashlight and focus it on the small ball as shown in Figure 2 below. The
distance between the flashlight and the ball is one footstep. Observe the ball as you
light it. The flashlight represents the Sun.
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3. Place the Earth one footstep away from the Moon as presented in Figure 3 below.
Make sure that the Sun, Moon, and the Earth are along the straight line. Turn on the
flashlight and observe.
4. Place the white paper one footstep away from the Earth as seen in Figure 4 below.
The white paper must be facing the Earth. Observe what is formed on the white
paper.
Figure 4. The Sun Beaming its Light to the Moon and Earth
5. Move the Moon along the circular path as shown in Figure 5 below.
Question 4. What happens to the shadow of the Moon as you move it around the
Earth?
Question 5. Observe the appearance of the Moon. What is the effect of the shadow
of the Earth on the Moon as it reaches position X as presented in
Figure 5 above?
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What is It
Solar eclipse happens when the Sun, the Moon and the Earth are aligned and
blocked the sunlight from reaching the Earth. It will only take place at the phase of the
new moon and will occur if the two ecliptic nodes meet. There are the two types of
solar eclipses: partial solar eclipse and the total solar eclipse.
A partial solar eclipse happens when the moon only partially covers the disk of
the Sun while a total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon completely covers the Sun,
as seen from Earth. Figure 6 illustrates solar eclipse.
Figure 6. The Moon’s shadow crosses the Earth’s surface during a solar eclipse.
1. Umbra – refers to the darkest part of the moon’s shadow formed on the Earth
where a total solar eclipse is seen
2. Penumbra – refers to the lighter part of the moon’s shadow formed on the
Earth where a partial solar eclipse is visible
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Table 1 below shows the descriptions, frequency of occurrence and duration of
the two types of solar eclipse.
The Earth, the Moon, and the It can happen only about
Partial Solar Sun are not perfectly aligned. 2-5 times a year.
Eclipse It occurs when the Moon A part of the Sun always
partially covers the disk of the remains in view during the
Sun. eclipse.
The Moon casts only the outer
portion of the Earth’s shadow,
the penumbra.
There’s no noticeable dimming
of sunlight.
It takes place during New Moon.
The Earth, the Moon, and the It approximately occurs
Total Solar Sun are perfectly aligned. once every 18 months (on
Eclipse It occurs when the light of the average) from a few
Sun is totally blocked by the seconds to 7.5 minutes.
Moon.
The Moon casts a darkest part
of the Earth’s shadow, the
umbra.
The sky is almost as dark as
night.
It takes place during Full moon.
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What’s More
Directions: Using the figures and words below, draw and label a total solar eclipse
and a partial solar eclipse. Then, answer the given guide questions in
your Science activity notebook.
Penumbra
Umbra
Guide Questions:
Q1. At what phase of the Moon does a partial solar eclipse occur?
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
Q3. What part of the moon’s shadow does a partial solar eclipse take place?
______________________________________________
Q4. What part of the moon’s shadow does a total solar eclipse happen?
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
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Lesson
Lunar Eclipse
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What’s In
In the previous lesson, you have learned about how a solar eclipse happens
and its connection to the direct alignment of the Sun, the Moon, and the Earth. To
check your understanding before proceeding to the next topic, let’s have a short
activity!
Directions: Rearrange the scrambled letters to form the correct word/s given the
statements as clues below. Write the answers in your Science activity
notebook.
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What’s New
The direct alignment of the Sun, the Moon, and the Earth contributes to the
occurrence of a solar eclipse. How is it different from a lunar eclipse? What should be
the alignment of these bodies that would lead to the occurrence of a lunar eclipse?
Let’s find out as you perform the next activity!
Directions: Perform the activity and answer the guide questions. Write the answers
in your Science activity notebook.
Materials:
o Two sheets of white paper/cardboard ᴑ stick
o Pencil ᴑ table
o A pair of scissors ᴑ plastic bottle
o Scotch tape ᴑ flashlight or any light
o Ruler source
Procedure:
1. Draw two circles on the first sheet of paper/ cardboard, the first circle should be four
times bigger than the second and cut them out using a pair of scissors.
2. After cutting them out, attach each of them
to a stick then tape it with a scotch tape
(see drawing on the right). Be careful in
using sharp objects. Moon model Earth model
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Note: This activity should be done at night or in a dark space/area at home.
Throughout the activity, stay at the back or at the side of the flashlight as
much as possible.
18 inches
6 inches
4. Ask someone to turn the flashlight (Sun) ON facing directly at the center of the Earth
model. Observe what happens.
5. Move the Moon model along a circular path by walking around the Earth model as
shown below. Observe the shadow casted on the Moon model.
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Guide Questions:
Q1. What happened to the other side of the Earth model in the activity?
Q2. What is formed on the moon’s surface?
Q3. What is the effect of the earth’s shadow on the Moon as the Moon is found
directly behind the Earth?
What is It
When the Sun gives off light, the orbiting objects of the Solar System block the
light from it and produce a shadow as a result. The shadow is formed when the Sun,
the Earth, and the Moon are perfectly aligned. You can observe that the Earth forms
a shadow over the Moon when it blocks the light from the Sun which you have
observed in Activity 2.
A lunar eclipse is a natural phenomenon that can only happen in a full moon
phase and could last for a few hours during nighttime. Take note that although you get
to experience full moon once a month, it is rare to observe the Moon in perfect
alignment with the Earth because of its orbit. A lunar eclipse (Figure 10) only occurs
when the Moon passes through the shadow of the Earth making it directly in between
the Sun and the Moon.
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Two distinct parts of the shadow created during a lunar eclipse:
a. Umbra – the darker inner region of the earth’s shadow where all the sunlight
is blocked out
b. Penumbra – the lighter outer region of the earth’s shadow where the sunlight
is partially covered
Table 2 below shows the descriptions, frequency of occurrence and duration of the
two types of lunar eclipse.
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What’s More
Directions: Complete the crossword puzzle on lunar eclipse using the words in the
Word Bank. Match the number of clues placed across or down the grid. If
filled in correctly, the words will fit neatly into the puzzle. Write the answers
in your Science activity notebook.
2
3
1 5 8
U
6 A
4 10
9
M O
7 T
ACROSS DOWN
1- Type of eclipse where the Earth 2- The lighter part of the Earth’s
forms a shadow over Moon shadow
4- Type of lunar eclipse when the Moon 3- Type of lunar eclipse where only a
appears to be blood red in color part of the Moon enters the Earth’s
umbra
6- The darker part of the Earth’s shadow 5- Phase of the Moon when a lunar
eclipse occurs
7- Time of the day when a lunar eclipse 8- The one that casts a shadow over
occurs Moon during a lunar eclipse
9- Formed on the Moon when the Earth 10- It is where the shadow is casted
blocks the sunlight during a lunar eclipse
WORD BANK
EARTH LUNAR NIGHTTIME PENUMBRA TOTAL
FULL MOON MOON PARTIAL SHADOW UMBRA
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What I Have Learned
Directions: Complete the paragraph below by filling in the blanks with the correct
words. Write the answers in your Science activity notebook.
A solar eclipse takes place when the (1) __________ is directly between the
Sun and the Earth and occurs during a (2) __________ moon phase. When the Moon
partially or totally blocks the light from the Sun, it casts a shadow over (3) __________.
There are two different regions of the shadow created during a solar eclipse. The first
one is the (4) __________, the darker region and the penumbra, the (5) __________
region.
A lunar eclipse is a natural phenomenon that occurs when the Moon passes
through the shadow of the (6) __________ making the Earth directly in between the
Sun and the Moon. It can only happen during a (7) __________ moon phase. There
are two types of lunar eclipse. The first type is the (8) __________ lunar eclipse in
which only a part of the Moon passes through the Earth’s shadow. During this period,
only a part of the Moon appears (9) __________ while the rest is lighter. This type of
lunar eclipse would occur at least twice a year. The second type is the
(10) __________ lunar eclipse in which the Moon is completely within the Earth’s
umbra.
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What I Can Do
Directions: Create a flip 3D card showing the alignment of the Sun, the Earth, and
the Moon during solar and lunar eclipses. You can use available art
materials at home. Submit the flip card along with your Science activity
notebook. (See the sample picture on Figure 11 below as a guide.)
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Assessment
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the answers in your Science
activity notebook.
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8. How frequent does a partial lunar eclipse happen in a year?
A. Every month C. Twice a year
B. Once a year D. Five times a year
9. It occurs when the Moon goes directly in between the Earth and the Sun.
10. Maggie is seeing a lunar eclipse at the night sky. She observed that only a part
of the Moon is darker while the rest is lighter. Which type of eclipse has Maggie
observed?
11. It occurs when the Moon passes through the Earth’s umbra, the darker region
of the shadow.
A. Umbra C. Penumbra
B. Partial Eclipse D. Total Eclipse
13. Which part of the Earth’s shadow places the Moon in a total lunar eclipse?
14. During what type of lunar eclipse will the Moon appear to be blood red in color?
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Additional Activities
Directions: Read the following statements carefully. Write FACT if the given
statement is true and BLUFF if it’s not true. Write the answers in your
Science activity notebook.
Statement Answer
1. A shadow is cast over the Earth during a lunar eclipse.
2. The Moon seems to change its color during a total lunar eclipse.
3. It is safe to look directly at the Moon during lunar eclipses.
4. All full moons can lead to a lunar eclipse.
5. More people on Earth can watch a lunar eclipse.
6. A shadow is cast over the Moon during a solar eclipse.
7. When the Sun, Moon and Earth are in perfect alignment, a total
solar eclipse always occurs.
8. All new moons can lead to a solar eclipse.
9. A solar eclipse can only last for a few minutes.
10. It is safe to look directly at the Sun during solar eclipses.
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Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 2
What’s More What’s In What’s New
A. Total Solar 1. SOLAR ECLIPSE
Eclipse 1. No shadow is
2. SHADOW
formed.
3. NEW MOON
2. Shadow
B. Partial Solar 4. PENUMBRA
3. Total lunar eclipse
Eclipse 5. PARTIAL SOLAR
ECLIPSE
1. At new moon
2. At full moon
3.. Penumbra
4. Umbra
5. 7.5 minutes
What I Know Lesson 1 Lesson 1
What’s In What’s New
1. B 11. A
2. C 12. C 1. The North Pole is
tilted toward the sun 1-3 Shadow
3. D 13. D in June. 4-5. Answers may
4. B 14. B 2. The North Pole is
tilted away from the Vary
5. B 15. A sun in December.
6. B 3.
7. A
8. D
9. D
10. A
Answer Key
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Additional Activities
1. BLUFF
2. FACT
3. FACT
4. BLUFF
5. FACT
6. BLUFF
7. FACT
8. BLUFF
9. FACT
10. BLUFF
Lesson 2 What I Have Learned Assessment
What’s More
1. Moon 1. D 11. C
1. LUNAR 2. new 2. B 12. D
2. PENUMBRA 3. Earth 3. C 13. A
3. PARTIAL 4. umbra 4. B 14. D
4. TOTAL 5. lighter 5. A 15. C
5. FULL MOON 6. Earth 6. D
6. UMBRA 7. full 7. B
7. NIGHTTIME 8. partial 8. C
8. EARTH 9. dark 9. D
9. SHADOW 10. total 10. A
10. MOON
References
BOOK
Ferido, Marlene B., et. al. 2016. SCIENCE - Grade 7- Learner's Material. Pasig:
DepEd-Bureau of Secondary Education- Curriculum Development Division.
Gutierrez, Marlene M., et. al. 2000. Science and Technology for a Modern World I.
Makati City: Diwa Scholastic Press.
Vengco, Lilia G., et. al. 2014. Science for Active Learning. Quezon City: SIBS
Publishing House, Inc.,.
ELECTRONIC SOURCES
Britt, Robert Roy, 2020. Lunar eclipses: What are they & when is the next one?.
Accessed July 10, 2020. https://www.space.com/15689-lunar-
eclipses.html
Hocken, V. and Aparna K., What is a Total Lunar Eclipse?. Accessed July 11,
2020. https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/total-lunar-eclipse.html
The Old Farmer’s Almanac. When is the Next Eclipse?/ Solar and Lunar Eclipse
Dates. Accessed July 11, 2020.
https://www.almanac.com/astronomy/eclipse-dates
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