7

Science
Quarter 3 – Module 5:
Color and Intensity of Light
Science – Grade 7
Quarter 3 – Module 4: Color and Intensity of Light
First Edition, 2021

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education – Region XI

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Maricel B. Lusica

Editor: Gerry T. Papa
Reviewer:
Illustrator: Jovie B. Novela
Layout Artist: Angelica P. Mendoza
Template Developer: Neil Edward D. Diaz
Management Team: Reynaldo M. Guillena
Jinky B. Firman
Marilyn V. Deduyo
Alma C. Cifra
Aris B. Juanillo
Faye Genevieve P. Pasamonte

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Division of Davao City

Office Address: E. Quirino Avenue, Davao City

Telephone: (082) 227 4762

E-mail Address: lrms.davaocity@deped.gov.ph

 7

Science
Quarter 3 – Module 4:
Color and Intensity of Light
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to
use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress
while allowing them to manage their own learning at home.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:
As a learner, you must learn to become responsible of your own
learning. Take time to read, understand, and perform the different
activities in the module.
As you go through the different activities of this module be
reminded of the following:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on
any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in
answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let Us Try before moving on to the other
activities.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking
your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are
done.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always
bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this
material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

ii
 Let Us Learn

A wonderful day to you little scientist! In this module, you will learn about
light. You shall learn to explain the color and intensity of light in terms of its
wave characteristics.

Specifically, you are expected to:

• Discuss the colors of the light , its wavelength, its frequency and
speed; and
• Relate the characteristics of light such as color and intensity to
frequency and wavelength;

Let Us Try!

Choose the best answer and write this on a separate paper.

For item numbers 1 and 2, refer to the table below.

Color of Light Wavelength Frequency

Violet 400 nm 744 THz
Green 530 nm 566 THz
Yellow 580 nm 517 THz
Red 700 nm 422 THz

1. Which of the following statements is NOT correct based on the table?

A. Different colors of light have different wavelengths.
B. Different colors of light have different frequencies.
C. When the wavelength is long, the frequency is low.
D. When the wavelength is long, the frequency is high.

2. Which of the following colors has the highest energy? Why?

A. Violet, because it has the highest frequency.
B. Green, because its wavelength is 530 nm.
C. Yellow, because its wavelength is short.
D. Red, because its frequency is low.

3. How does frequency vary with wavelength?

A. The higher the frequency of a wave, the shorter the wavelength.
B. The lower the frequency of a wave, the shorter the wavelength.
C. The higher the frequency of a wave, the longer the wavelength.
D. Frequency does not vary with wavelength.

1
4. Consider Waves A and B shown below. Why does A have lower
intensity of light compared to B?

A. B.

A. It has a shorter wavelength.

B. It has a longer wavelength.
C. It has a smaller amplitude.
D. It has greater amplitude.

5. How is intensity of light related to the frequency of a light wave?

A. As frequency increases, light intensity increases.
B. As frequency decreases, light intensity increases.
C. As frequency increases, light intensity remains constant.
D. Light intensity is only affected by the energy of the wave.

Let Us Study

Read and analyze the table below. Answer the questions that follow.

Table 1: Characteristics of Color Lights

EM Frequency (f) Wavelength(λ) Speed

Spectrum (x 1012/s) (x 10-9m) Note : Multiply Frequency
and Wavelength
(m/s)
Red 422 700 (422 x 10 /s)(700x10-9m)
12

=295,400 x 103 m/s

=3 x 108 m/s
Orange 484 620 3 x 108 m/s
Yellow 517 580 3 x 108 m/s
Green 566 530 3 x 108 m/s
Blue 638 470 3 x 108 m/s
Violet 744 400 3 x 108 m/s
Source : (DepEd, Grade 7 Learner's Material 2012)

2
Questions:

1. Which color has the highest frequency? Shortest wavelength?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

2. Which color has the lowest frequency? Longest wavelength?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

3. What do you observe with the wavelength and frequency of the

different colors?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

4. What did you observe with the product of wavelength and frequency
for each color? What is the significance of this value?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

5. What can you say about the speed of the different colors?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

3
 Visible light or light is part of an electromagnetic radiation
spectrum found between the infrared and the ultraviolet radiation. This
region is consists of a spectrum of wavelengths that range from
approximately 700 nanometers (abbreviated nm) to approximately 400
nm (Elert, 2021). In your previous lesson, light is identified as a
transverse wave, and a form of energy (DepEd, Grade 7 Learner's Material
2012). This is the only region of the electromagnetic spectrum that is
visible to human eye (Cowan 2013).
When you were in Grade 5, you have discussed the properties and
the characteristics of light. One of these is dispersion. Dispersion is a
phenomenon at which the prism separates white light into its component
colors (DepEd Grade 7 Learner's Material, 2012). This was studied by Sir
Isaac Newton.

White light separates into Color lights

Source: (DepEd, Grade 7 Learner's Material 2012)

Figure 1 show different wavelengths of visible light which are seen as the
colors of the rainbow: Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, and
Violet. It has an acronym of ROYGBIV.

4
 Colors of the light together with the intensity of the light are the
special properties of light (DepEd, Grade 7 Learner's Material 2012).
Let us now thoroughly discuss the color and intensity of light in
terms of wave characteristics.
1. Colors of Light
Perhaps the most important characteristic of visible light is color
(Lucas 2015). As shown in Table 1, the colors of the light are arranged in
decreasing wavelengths. The longest wavelengths (around 700
nanometers) are red and the shortest wavelengths (400 nanometers) are
violet. This idea is illustrated in figure 2.

Figure 2: The Wavelengths of Color Lights

Source: (Elert 2021)

Let us remember, the shorter wavelength means that the

frequency will be higher because one cycle can pass in a shorter amount
of time, according to Lucas (2015). Similarly, a longer wavelength has a
lower frequency because each cycle takes longer to complete (Lucas
2015). In addition, lower frequency waves are lower in energy and
higher frequency waves are higher in energy (Khan, n.d.).

5
 In this sense, these colors of the light are related to its frequency
(Elert 2021). So, red light has lowest frequency and lowest energy among
of the colors of the light and it has the longest wavelength. Similarly,
violet light has the highest frequency and highest energy and it has the
shortest wavelength.
However, even though each color of light has different wavelengths
and different frequencies, all colors of light have equal speeds in a
vacuum. It has a constant speed of 3 x 108 m/s. Consider Table 2 shown
below. Examine the speeds of each color of light listed down the fourth
column.
Table 2: The frequency, wavelength, and the speed of the different colors
of light

Source: (DepEd, Grade 7 Learner's Material 2012)

2. Intensity of Light

Intensity or brightness of the light depends on the chemical

composition of the source and the distance from the source (DepEd,
Grade 7 Learner's Material 2012). If we say light sources, these are the
sun, a lamp, a burning candle, a bulb and the likes.

Qualitatively, brightness is dependent of the person’s perception.

Quantitatively, brightness can be expressed with luminous intensity with
a unit known as candela (DepEd, Grade 7 Learner's Material 2012).The
unit expression came from the fact that one candle can approximately
represent the amount of visible radiation emitted by a candle flame.

6
 As the distance of the light source and the illuminated surface
increases, the intensity of light decreases (DepEd, Grade 7 Learner's
Material 2012). There are millions if not billions of stars in our galaxy,
and the Sun is not the hottest nor the largest in comparison, but in our
solar system, it is! You might have the misconception that because our
star is the brightest that we can see, it must be the largest, hottest, and
brightest of all stars. This is untrue. It only appears to be the brightest
because it is closest to Earth (Varsity Tutors n.d.). You may have also
observed this phenomenon at home.

Due to the distance, the light produced by a source is not the

actual amount. This is so called as the apparent brightness. The lower
the apparent magnitude number, the brighter the light coming from the
source (DepEd, Grade 7 Learner's Material 2012).

From which of the following stars does Earth receive the highest
intensity of light? Lowest intensity? Why?

The earth receives highest intensity of light from Star A because it

is closest. While the earth receives the lowest intensity of light from Star
D because it is farthest from the planet.

Moreover, the intensity of color light is associated with the

amplitude of light waves. Larger amplitudes of the light waves appear
brighter (Mackiwg 2017). In the previous module, it was explained that
the amplitude is the maximum displacement of a vibrating particle in a
wave measured from its equilibrium position. In the figure below, it is the
distance from the horizontal line (equilibrium) to the crest or from the
horizontal line to the lowest point in the wave (trough).

7
 Which of the waves has a higher intensity of light? A or B? Why?

A has higher intensity than B because of its greater amplitude.

Lastly, light intensity is related to frequency (Elert 2021). In
increasing temperature, the frequency of light providing the greatest
intensity increases as well (Khan n.d.). It appears that hot objects are
more luminous than cool objects.

Let Us Practice

Activity 1: Greater Than or Lesser Than?

Compare the wavelength or frequency or speed of the given pairs of

colors of light. Put (>) for greater than, (<) for lesser than or (=) if equal.
Explain your answer.

Color Light >, <, = Color Light Explanation

Wavelength of Wavelength of blue

yellow light Light

Frequency of Frequency of red

green light light

8
Speed of violet Speed of indigo
light in a light in vacuum
vacuum

Frequency of Frequency of
orange light violet light

Speed of red Speed of blue light

light in a in a vacuum
vacuum

The longer the wavelength of the color of light, the lower the frequency. The
shorter the wavelength of the color of light, the higher the frequency. All
colors of light have equal speeds in a vacuum.

Let Us Practice More

Activity 2: Is it true? Part 2

Identify if each situation is true. Explain your answer.

Situation Is it true? Explanation

The closer the surface to the

source of light, the greater the
intensity of light.
In increasing temperature, the
frequency and intensity of light
increases.

The higher the apparent

magnitude number, the brighter
the star.

In decreasing temperature, the

frequency and intensity of light
decreases.

The greater the amplitude of the

wave, the lesser the intensity of
light.

9
 The closer the illuminated surface to the source, the higher the intensity
of the light. The larger the amplitude of the wave, the greater the
intensity of light. In increasing temperature, the frequency of the light
increases with the intensity of light.

Let Us Remember

• The colors of the light namely, the red, orange, yellow, green, blue,
indigo and violet are arranged according to decreasing wavelength.
Red light has the longest wavelength and violet has the shortest.
• These colors of light are related to their frequencies. The shorter
the wavelength, the higher the frequency. Violet has the highest
frequency.
• The intensity of light is dependent on the chemical composition of
the source and its distance. The closer the illuminated surface to
the source, the higher the intensity of the light.
• The intensity of light is also dependent on the amplitude of the
wave. The larger the amplitude of the wave, the greater the
intensity of light.
• In increasing temperature, the frequency of the light increases with
the intensity of light.

Let Us Assess

Read the questions carefully. Choose the best answer and write it on a
separate sheet of paper.

For item numbers 1 and 2, refer to the table below.

Color of Light Wavelength Frequency

Violet 400 nm 744 THz
Green 530 nm 566 THz
Yellow 580 nm 517 THz
Red 700 nm 422 THz

10
1. Which of the following statements is NOT correct based on the table?
A. Different colors of light have different wavelengths.
B. Different colors of light have different frequencies.
C. When the wavelength is long, the frequency is low.
D. When the wavelength is long, the frequency is high.

2. Which of the following colors has the highest energy? Why?

A. Violet, because it has the highest frequency.
B. Green, because its wavelength is 530nm.
C. Yellow, because its wavelength is short.
D. Red, because its frequency is low.

3. How does frequency vary with wavelength?

A. The higher the frequency of a wave, the shorter the wavelength.
B. The lower the frequency of a wave, the shorter the wavelength.
C. The higher the frequency of a wave, the longer the wavelength.
D. Frequency does not vary with wavelength.

4. Consider Waves A and B shown below. Why does A have lower

intensity of light compared to B?

A. It has a shorter wavelength.

B. It has a longer wavelength.
C. It has a smaller amplitude.
D. It has greater amplitude.

5. How is intensity of light related to the frequency of a light wave?

A. As frequency increases, light intensity increases.
B. As frequency decreases, light intensity increases.
C. As frequency increases, light intensity remains constant.
D. Light intensity is only affected by the energy of the wave.

11
6. A grade 7 learner wants to determine the effect of distance from a
light source to its intensity. She decided to conduct an experiment
using various light sources mounted at the same fixed distance. How
would you improve the learner’s experimental design?
I. The independent variable is distance from a light source and
must be varied by the learner.
II. The type of light source must be the same throughout the
experiment.
III. The different light sources must be placed at different
distances.

A. I and II C. II and III

B. I and III D. I, II and III

7. Refer to the illustration below. Suppose two light sources, A and B,

showed equal illumination on the surface of a board when placed 300
cm and 150 cm respectively, away from it.

How does the light intensity of A compare to B?

A. Both A and B have the same light intensity.
B. The light intensity of A is half as strong as that of B.
C. The light intensity of A is twice as strong as that of B.
D. The light intensity of A is four times as strong as that of B.

For items 8 and 9, refer to this information: the table shows a list of stars
and their corresponding distance from the earth and apparent brightness.

Common Star Color Temperature, Apparent Approximate

Name T (K) Magnitude Distance, d, from
(Brightness) Earth (in miles)
Sun Yellow 5 778 -26.72 9.39 x 107
Rigil 4.54 x 1015
Kentaurus
Blue 12 100 0.27
(Alpha
Centauri)
3 140 to 3.76 x 1015
Betelguese Red 0.50
3 641
Yellowish 1.88 x 1015
Canopus 7350 0.72
White

Note: The lower the apparent magnitude number, the brighter the star.

12
8. Based on the table, what makes the sun the brightest star as seen
from Earth?
A. its color is yellow.
B. it is closest to the Earth.
C. It is farthest from the Earth.
D. It has the highest surface temperature.

9. What factor plays the greatest role in a star’s apparent brightness (as
perceived by humans on Earth)?
A. Color C. Distance
B. Temperature D. Size

10. Which of the following explains why blue light has higher energy than
the yellow light? Because blue light has a _________ compared to
yellow light.
A. lower frequency C. longer wavelength
B. higher frequency D. shorter wavelength
11. What happen when white light passes through a triangular prism?
A. The white light separates into seven colors, ROYGBIV.
B. The white light separates into brown, green and black.
C. The white light turns into black.
D. The white light remains as white.

12. The intensity of the color of light is dependent on these factors,

EXCEPT ONE. Identify which.
A. The speed light in a vacuum.
B. Chemical composition of source.
C. Distance of object from source.
D. Frequency of light.

13. Which of the following is TRUE about the speed of the colors of light
in a vacuum?
A. All colors of light have equal speeds in a vacuum.
B. All colors of light have varying speeds in a vacuum.
C. Violet has the highest speed while red has the lowest speed.
D. Red has the highest speed while violet has the lowest speed.

14. Which of the following tells the relationship of the wavelength,

frequency and energy of the light? The ____________wavelength has
the __________ frequency and ______ energy.
A. longest, lowest, highest
B. shortest, lowest, highest
C. longest, highest, lowest
D shortest, highest, highest

13
15. Which of the following sets of colors listed below is arranged in
increasing frequency and intensity?
A. blue, green, red
B. red, green, blue
C. green, blue, red
D. red, blue, green

Let Us Enhance

Activity 3: And there was Light

Objectives
After performing this activity, you should be able to suggest proper
lighting in various activities.

Scenario
You are an interior designer and an advocate of eco-friendly energy. You
are invited to speak to a group of Grade 7 learners on the following points:
• Importance of good lighting at home
• Proper levels of lighting at home ( just choose one(1), example in the
kitchen : when cooking, in the living room: when watching TV or
reading, in your room: when you are studying) and
• Use of energy efficient light/ ceiling fixtures as means to conserve
energy.

• Draw or Illustrate or Discuss in bullet form in a bond paper (long/short)

Goal or Create an illustrated PowerPoint presentation to inform 7 th graders
about the importance of good lighting and the proper lighting at home.

• You are an interior designer and advocate of eco-friendly energy.

Role

Audience • The target audience is the 7th grade class.

• You need to show the benefits of good lighting, to suggest proper lighting
Audience levels at home, and cite the importance of using energy efficient
light/ceiling fixtures.

14
 • You need to draw or illustrate or discuss in bullet form in a bond paper or
Product create a Powerpoint presentation that covers the following points: (1)
importance of proper lighting, (2) proper lighting levels at home, (3)
different types of light fixtures and (4) tips to conserve energy.

• Your drawings, illustrations, discussions in bond paper/s or PowerPoint

Standards presentation should contain accurate information (include proper
/ Criteria citation) and must be easy for 7th graders to read and understand. Your
presentation should not exceed 10 minutes.

And There Was Light

Rubric Scoring
Task Description: Draw/Illustrate/Discuss in bond paper or Create a PowerPoint
presentation to inform 7th graders about the importance of proper lighting at home.
Criteria Professional Adequate Needs Work Unsatisfactory Scor
(5) (4) (3) (2) e
Demonstrates Demonstrates Demonstrates Demonstrates
in depth understandin in depth in depth
understandin g of the topic understandin understandin
Content g of topic Employs g of topic g of topic
Accurately research Employs Reports only
utilizes information research the basic
researched with an information parts of
information adequate with a fair information
in the degree of degree of
brochure accuracy accuracy
Five sources Three sources Two sources Less than two
used used used sources used
Researc Use of Sources have Questionable Little
h reliable some reliability of reliability of
Quality resources reliabilities resources resources
Accurate Adequate Basic Inaccurate
analysis of analysis of information information
Research Research with
questionable
accuracy
Excellent Very good Good contrast Little
contrast of contrast of of creativity
Visual background background background used
Appeal and text; and text; and text;
original Use of Use of Graphics do
Use of graphics graphics not tie in with
graphics adequate to make the the message
make the present message
message message “come alive”
“come alive”
TOTAL
Source : (DepEd, Grade 7 Learner's Material 2012)

15
 In this time of pandemic, we are encouraged to stay at home.
Proper lighting plays a significant role in our lives as we are having
modular learning. We are able to read modules, books, magazines and
newspapers without too much strain in our eyes and without any
discomfort when there is enough amount of light falling on the material
we are reading. We are able to safely do the household chores and help
our parents when there is lighted lamp or bulbs around, otherwise, we
will encounter accidents at home.
On the other hand, poor lighting can be a safety hazard and a
health hazard. Poor lighting leads to poor quality of work and may lead to
accidents or injury.

Let Us Reflect

It was mentioned earlier that the colors and the intensity or

brightness are special properties of the light. These can be observed in
different phenomena. The red sunset, the blue sky, the white clouds and
rainbows are its consequence (DepEd, Grade 7 Learner's Material 2012).
Have you ever noticed that stars shine in an array of different
colors in a dark country sky? Color is a telltale sign of surface
temperature. The hottest stars radiate blue or blue-white, whereas the
coolest stars exhibit distinctly red. Our yellow-colored sun indicates a
moderate surface temperature in between the two extremes (Mclure
2017).
Can you cite some more examples?

16
 17
Activity 2 Activity 1
1. Yes, because as the distance decreases
the intensity of the light increases. 1.>, the wavelength of yellow light is 580 nm
2. Yes, the frequency and the intensity of while the blue light is 470 nm
the light increases in increasing 2. >, explanation may vary either through the
temperature. amount of frequency or the relationship of
3. No, the lower the apparent magnitude wavelength and frequency
number, the brighter the star. 3. =, all colors of light have equal speed in a
4. Yes, the frequency and the intensity of vacuum.
the light are both directly related to 4. <, explanation may vary either through the
temperature. amount of frequency or the relationship of
5. No, the greater the amplitude of the wavelength and frequency
wave, the higher the intensity of light. 5. =, all colors of light have equal speed in a
vacuum.
Activity 3 Let Us Assess Let Us Assess Let Us Try
This activty will
be assessed using 11. A 1.D 6. C 1. D
the rubric in page 2. A
12. A 2.C 7. D 3. B
13. B 3.A 8. B 4. C
5. A
14. D 4.C 9. C
15. B 5. A 10. B
Answer Key
 References

Andor. 2021. Oxford Instruments. Accessed January 14, 2021.

andor.oxinst.com/learning/view/article/what-is-light.
Cowan, Angela M. 2013. National Geographic. October 17. Accessed January 13,
2021. Nationalgeographic.org/media/visible-ligght/.

DepEd. 2012. Grade 4 Science. Pasig City, Philippines: DepEd.

—. 2012. Grade 7 Learner's Material. Pasig City Philippines: Department of

Education.

Elert, Glenn. 2021. The Physics Hypertextbook. Accessed January 14, 2021.
physics.info/light/.
Khan, Salman. n.d. Khan Academy. Accessed January 14, 2021.
khanacademy.org/science/ap-chemistry/electronic-structure-of-atoms-
ap/bohr-model-hydrogen-ap/a/light-and-the-electromagnetic-spectrum.
Lucas, Jim. 2015. Livescience. April 30. Accessed January 13, 2021.
livescience.com/50678-visible-light.html.

Mackiwg. 2017. Introduction to Psychology 103. February 17. Accessed January 4,

2021. course.oeru.org/ipsy103/learning-pathways/waves and
wavelength/amplitude.wavelength-light-waves.

Mclure, Bruce. 2017. EarthSky Updates on your Cosmos and World. February 18.
Accessed January 14, 2021. https://earthsky.org/astronomy-
essentials/stellar-luminosity-the-true-brightness-of-stars.

2021. Texas Gateway for Online Sources. Accessed January 14, 2021.
texasgateway.org.
2018. Toppler Learning. January 7. Accessed January 14, 2021.
topplerlearning.com.

n.d. Varsity Tutors. https://www.varsitytutors.com/5th_grade_science-help/argue-

and-support-that-brightness-in-stars-is-due-to-distance.

18
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Davao City Division

E. Quirino Avenue, Davao City

Telephone: (082) 227 4762

Email Address: lrms.davaocity@deped.gov.ph