NAME – HRITIK ROY

STUDENT CODE – BWU/BPA/21/044

PROGRAMME NAME- BSC. PHYSICIAN
ASSISTANT
SUBJECT NAME – PEDIATRICS AND
GERIATRIC
SUBJECT CODE- BPAC402
TOPIC- OSTEOPOROSIS
Defining Osteoporosis
1. Progressive systemic skeletal disease characterized by low
bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, leading
to enhanced bone fragility and a consequent increase in fracture risk.

Bone with lower density and higher fracture risk.

CAUSES OF OSTEOPOROSIS

1. Age
2. Estrogen deficiency
3. Testosteronedeficiency
4. Female sex
5. Low calcium
6. VitaminD intake
7. Poor exercise
8. Smoking
SYMPTOMS OF
OSTEOPOROSIS
1. Back pain, which can be severe if fractured or
collapsed vertebra

2. Loss of height over time, with an accompanying

stooped posture

3. Fracture of the vertebrae, wrists, hips or other

bones.
Nutritional gastrointestinal disorders

1. Malnutrition
2. Parenteral nutrition
3. Malabsorption syndromes
4. Gastrectomy
5. Severe liver disease

Endocrine disorder
6. Cushings syndrome
7. Hyperparathyroidism
8. Thyrotoxicosis
9. Acromegaly
10. Adrenal insuffiency.
Drugs associated with increased risk of osteoporosis

1. Cycosporine
2. Cytotoxic drugs
3. Anticonvulsants
4. Excessive alchohol
5. Heparin
6. Lithium.
Pathogenesis
1. Peak bone mass: about 20 years old- genetic, hormone
nutrition, lifestyle.
2. Rate of bone loss: after age 30-45 bone
resorption(osteoclast)>formation (osteoblast) and become
exaggreted after menopause(50 years)
3. Bone remodeling: keep balance at 20-30 years old, after that
become negative balance.
MECHANISM
RISK FACTOR FOR
OSTEOPOROSIS FRACTURE

1. Cigarette smoking
2. Low body weight
3. Alcoholism
4. Inadequate physical activity
5. Poor health.
LAB INVESTIGATIONS
CBC
ESR
SERUM CALCIUM
SERUM PHOSPORUS
LIVER FUNCTION RATE
RENAL FUNCTION TESTS
PARA THYROID HORMONES
Five Steps Towards Prevention

1. A balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D

2. Weight – bearing and increases
3. A healthy lifestyle with no smoking or excessive
alchohol intake
4. Talking to ones healthcare professional about bone
health.
5. Bone density testing and medication when appropriate.
Osteoporosis Treatment: Calcium and Vitamin D- Fever than half adults take
recommended amounts

Calcium and vitamin D supplements shown to decrease risk of hip fracture in older
adults.

Osteoporosis Treatment: Calcitonin

It decreases pain with acute vertrebral compression fracture.

Osteoporosis Treatment: Bisphophonates

Decrease bone resorption.
Alendronate, risodronate.
ACKNOWLEDGE
I would like to express my special thanks of
gratitude to my pediatric and geriatric teacher
Mr. Rajib sir for their able guidance and
support in completing project.
THANK YOU