Political science

State system
State system
• Three basic principle of state is 1) life 2) liberty and 3) property.
• Meaning and idea of state system:
1. Historical system ( Plato )
2. Greek and Roman concept of city state ( Aristotle one million population)
3. Concept of empires and kingdom
4. Theory of Westphalia (1648, modern state)
5. French revolution& emergence of nation state system/ capitalism/
industrial revolution
6. League of nation ( 1919)
Modern state system
• UN charter gave organic & legal system
Right to self determination
Right to self-rule
Equality to all citizen
Equality to States
Sovereignty as inviolable right
Characteristics of state
1. Territory
2. Population
3. Government
4. sovereignty
Challenges to nation state system and
challenges that are created by globalization
• Globalization
• Terrorism
• Islamophobia
• MNC & TNC’S exploitation
• Rise of Right wing parties
• Dominance of Int. financial institution/ Neo-imperialism (IMF, World bank)
• Role and control by super powers
• Military intervention into third world (Venezuela, Ukraine, afghanistan)
• Proxy & civil war
State as an institution
Executive (Prime Minister and his
Parliament cabinet)
• Most powerful • Implement the policies of state
• Elected by people • Elected head od state by people
• Bi-cameral or parliament
• Uni-cameral • Prominent institutions are
• Role: military, burearocracy
1. Legislation
2. Debating chamber
3. Develop policies
Judiciary
• Most powerful
• Un-elected institution
• Interpretation of constitution
• Work independently
• Judicial review
Theories
• Constitutional approach/ social contract theory: (contract between
citizen and state)
• Ethical and moral approach theory: these theorists believe that
individual live together peacefully. Some say absolute freedom of
individual, collective welfare and rule of law
• Liberal capitalism:
• Socialist concept of state system: ( basic needs fulfill by state) - china
• Social democratic concept: Scandinavian countries
• Conflict approach: it says that role of sate is to resolve the conflict
Cont.
• Marxist approach: classless society
• Pluralist approach: state as a neutral policy that sees legitimate
authority to ensure that all interest groups are treated fairly
• Patriarchal theory: evolution of state comes with this concept that
male is dominant socio-economic, political system, marriage, family,
tribe, society, state,