SUBJECT : OIL AND GAS CHEMISTRY

DEPARTMENT : MECHANICAL ENGINEERING WITH OIL AND GAS

TEACHER : MRS. ADIEUS JUMOKE
MEMBER S : 1.KASSIM ISSA HAMAD
2. MOHAMMED HUSSEN KHAMIS

QUESTIONS : EXPLAIN THE TYPES OF RESERVOIR ROCKS

 A RESERVOIR ROCK

 A reservoir is defined as a portion of the rock that contain a pool of

hydrocarbon. Most reservoir rocks are sedimentary rocks. Mainly
sandstone, limestone and dolomites.
 Other rocks like shale, igneous rocks, metamorphic rocks, can form
Reservoir provided they are fractured.
 A reservoir rock is therefore any rock which contains
interconnected pore spaces.
 TYPES OF RESERVOIR ROOCK
There are three (3) types of reservoir rock

i) Fragmental reservoir rock (or) clastic (or) detrital rock or Sandstone.

ii) Chemical and bio chemical reservoir rock (or) carbonate rock.

iii) Miscellaneous reservoir rock (Fractures rocks).

i) Fragmental reservoir rock (or) clastic (or) detrital rock or Sandstone.

 Fragmental reservoir rocks are aggregate of  particles or fragments of mineral or fragments of older
rocks
 They are also called clastic rock because they consist of mineral and rock particles washed from areas
that have been eroded
 Particle size of rocks range from colloidal to boulders and pebbles
 The performance of the sandstone as a reservoir rock is described by its combination of porosity and
permeability depending on the degree to which the sand dominates
The best sandstone reservoirs are those that are composed mainly of quartz grains of sand size of nearly
equal sizes or silica cement, with minimal fragmented particles. Sandstone reservoirs are generally 25
meters thick.

ii) Chemical and bio chemical reservoir rock (or) carbonate rock.
• This consist of mineral matter that was precipitated at the place where the rocks were formed and aren't
transported
• The chief chemical reservoir rock are carbonate sediment mostly limestone and dolomites as precipitated
as crystalline but some time consist of chalk and marl
• The main biochemical agents in forming limestone are the algae, bacteria, molluscs, bryozoan,
brachiopod, and foraminifera
• Limestone and dolomites are the most important of the chemical reservoir rock they contain nearly half of
the world petroleum reservoir

iii) Miscellaneous reservoir rock (Fractures rocks).

Miscellaneous reservoir rocks include the igneous and metamorphic rocks mixtures of both frequently
forming the basement complex space and usually in fractures
However these are interesting geologically but rerely important commercially