Events:

Its Union and Intersection

Prepared by:
Alberto H. Papalis
Objectives
 Recall the different concept of probability, union and
intersection

 Illustrate events and the union and intersection of an

event. (M10SP-IIIf-1)
Experiment
- is any procedure that can be infinitely
repeated and has a well-defined set of
possible outcomes.

Example
- tossing a coin
- rolling a dice
- drawing in a standard deck of card
The results of an experiment are called
the outcomes.

The set of all possible outcomes of an experiment

is called a sample space. It is denoted by the letter
S.

In rolling a die, what it the sample space?

S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
The cardinality of an experiment is the number of
experiment in the sample space. It is denoted by
n(S).

In the previous example of rolling a die, n(S) = 6.

In tossing two coins, what is the sample space and

its cardinality?

S = {HH, HT, TH, TT}

n(S) = 4
Find the Sample space and Cardinality of the
following.

a. Choosing a month in a year

b. Picking colors in a rainbow
c. Tossing three coins
d. Tossing a coin and rolling a die
e. Rolling a die and Tossing a coin
 Event
is a set of outcomes that is a subset of the sample
space. Total number of events that occurs in a
sample space is known as total number of events,
denoted by n(E).

Sample Events
- getting an even number in rolling a die
- drawing an ace in a deck of cards
- getting a head in tossing a coin
Simple Event
- It is an event with a single outcome, n(E) = 1
Samples
- getting a 3 in rolling a die
- drawing a king of spade in a standard deck of
cards.
- getting a number that is neither prime nor
composite in rolling a die
 Compound Event
These are events with two or more outcomes.

Samples
- getting one head in tossing two coins
- drawing an ace in a standard deck of cards.
- getting a sum of 8 in rolling two dice

Can you determine the total number of events in

the samples above?
1.) Getting one head in tossing two coins

The outcomes with one head are {HT, TH}.

n(E) = 2

2.) Drawing an ace in a standard deck of cards.

The outcomes are {A♠, A♣, A♥, A♦}.
n(E) = 4
3.) Getting a sum of 8 in rolling two dice
The outcomes are {(2, 6), (3, 5), (4, 4), (5, 3), (6, 2)}.
n(E) = 5
 Find the outcomes and Cardinality of the
following event.

a. Choosing a month with 30 days

b. Picking a prime number from 1 to 30
c. Picking a black face card in drawing a card in a
deck.
d. Getting a sum of 7 in rolling two dice.
Union and Intersection
of Events
 Union of Events

The union of two events A and B, represented by A B is

the set of all outcomes in either A or B (or both). U is the
universal set.
Intersection of Events

The intersection of two events A and B, represented by A

∩ B is the set of all outcomes common to both A and B.
Example
Suppose you are rolling a die.
Let A be the event of getting an even number

Let B be the event of getting a prime number

Can you make a Venn

Diagram using the two
events?
In rolling a die the sample space or
universal set is U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

Event A (getting an even number)

A ={2, 4, 6}
Event B (getting a prime number)
B ={2, 3, 5}

Using the given events in a

Venn Diagram, we will
have…
Using the data in the previous example we can
answer the following.

A B = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
n(A B ) = 5

A B = {2}
n(A B ) = 1
 Try Me
One hundred ten Grade 10 students from General Tinio
National High School are interviewed if they are willing to join
either volleyball (V) or basketball (B) in the upcoming sports
fest. The table below shows the result of the survey.

Sports Volleyball (V) Basketball (B) Volleyball and

Basketball

No. of Students 50 56 15
 Questions
a. How many students are willing to join volleyball?
b. How many students are willing to join volleyball only?
c. How many students are willing to join basketball?
d. How many students are willing to join basketball only?
e. How many students are willing to join basketball or volleyball?
f. How many students are willing to join basketball and volleyball?
g. How many students do not like to join volleyball or basketball?
a. 50
b. 35
c. 56
d. 41
e. 91
f. 15
g. 19
Activity
Directions: Use the following information to fill the Venn Diagram below and answer the
questions that follow. Write your answers on a sheet of paper.
One hundred people are asked if they liked Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram. Refer to the
results below.
56 like Facebook 18 like Facebook and Twitter
43 like Twitter 10 like Twitter and Instagram
35 like Instagram 12 like Facebook and Instagram
6 like all these three social media platforms
1. How many people like Facebook only?
2. How many people like Twitter only?
3. How many people do not like Twitter?
4. How many people will like Twitter but not Facebook?
5. What is the intersection of the event that the people like Facebook, Twitter and
Instagram?