CS115C - COMPUTER

PROGRAMMING
 ALGORITHM DESIGN
AND REPRESENTATION

• An Algorithm is a clear and unambiguous

specification of the steps needed to solve a
problem.
• It may be expressed in either Human language
(English, Tagalog), through a graphical
representation like a flowchart or through a
pseudocode, which is a cross between human
language and a programming language.

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ALGORITHM DESIGN AND
REPRESENTATION

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ALGORITHM
DESIGN AND
REPRESENTA
TION

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 ALGORITHM DESIGN AND
REPRESENTATION

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FLOWCHARTING
SYMBOLS AND
THEIR MEANINGS

• A flowchart is a design tool used

to graphically represent the logic
in a solution.
• Flowcharts typically do not display
programming language
commands.

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 GETTING THE AVERAGE OF
THREE NUMBERS
Start
• Input three (3) numbers
• Validate if numbers are valid
• Add three numbers Enter three
numbers
• Get the average
NO YES Add three numbers
Valid? and get the Average

End Output
Average

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 BASIC PROGRAM
STRUCTURE OF
CSHARP
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 BASIC STRUCTURE OF CSHARP

Class <Name>{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
//statement
}
}
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BASIC STRUCTURE OF CSHARP
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 Syntax, Keywords, and
Identifiers

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SYNTAX, KEYWORDS, AND IDENTIFIERS

• Keywords are words that are reserved for particular purposes.

• String, void, int, public, double, float, etc.
• Identifiers are names that programmers give to classes, methods, and
variables.

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 Note that C# is a case-sensitive
language. Uppercase and lowercase
control the work of the computer on all

letters are not considered the same.

levels

• For example, Console is different

from console.

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 COMMENTS
1. Single Line Comments – preface your comment within two
(2) forward slasher //

control the work of the computer on all

levels

2. Block Comments - enclose the comment in forwarding

slashes and asterisks, like this: “/* insert comment here */”

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 STATEMENTS AND BLOCKS
A statement is one or more lines of
code terminated by a semicolon. An
example of a singlecontrol
statement
the workis,
of the computer on all
levels

A block is one or more

statements bounded by an
opening and closing curly braces
that groups the statements as
one unit.

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 C# LITERALS
The fixed values are called as Literal. Literal is a value that is
used by the variables.
control the work of the computer on all
levels

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 METHODS
1.WriteLine() and Write() – these are methods used to
print messages onto the screen.
• It has a pair of parentheses ()
control the work of the computer on all
levels

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 ESCAPE SEQUENCES

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 CHALLENGE 1: ESCAPE SEQUENCES
Write a program that output the following:

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 NAMING RULES AND
STYLES

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NAMING RULES AND STYLES
• An identifier cannot be a C# reserve word.
• An identifier must begin with an alphabetic letter, underscore (_).
• Whitespace cannot be used in a valid identifier.
• An identifier must not be longer than 65,535 characters.

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NAMING RULES AND STYLES
• Use lowercase letter for the first character of variables
• Use uppercase letter for the first character of class and Method
names
• Use meaningful names
• Compound words or short phrases are fine but use uppercase letter
for the first character of the words after the first.
• Use verbs for methods’ names.

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 EXAMPLE OF NAMING RULES AND
STYLES GATHERING

• Variables: height, speed, filename, tempInCelcius, incomingMsg,

textToShow
• Constant: SOUND_SPEED, PI, KM_PER_MILE
• Class names: Account, Person, Student
• Method names: Sum(), AddEvenNumber(),
InsertPersonalInformation()

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 STATEMENTS AND
EXPRESSIONS

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 EXPRESSION
Is a value, a variable, a method, or one of their combinations
that can be evaluated to a value.

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 STATEMENT
Is any complete sentence that causes some action to occur

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 ARITHMETIC
• Draw a flowchart diagram that will calculate the sum and product of
ten numbers. Find the difference of the first and last number. After
that, calculate the its average.

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 ANSWER
Start

Enter ten
numbers

Add 10 Nos
Subtract the 1st and Last No
Calculate the average

Sum
End Product
Average

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