Mathematics 8

Lesson 12

Number Plane, Simultaneous Equations

and Functions
 Key Idea
Review the learning on the Number Plane,
Simultaneous Equations and functions.
Component 1: Short Review
Time: 7 minutes
Ask students to answer the following questions.
1. For the line 𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 2:
Q1. What is the gradient? m=3
Q2. What is the y-intercept? y=-2
Q3. Rewrite the equation in general form.
3x-y-2=0
2. On the same number plane draw the graphs
of 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1 and 𝑦 = −4𝑥 − 5.

Q1. What is the point of intersection?

(-1,-1)
Q2. Where does 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1 cross the x-axis?
x=-
Q3. Find the point of intersection of the two
lines algebraically.
y=2x+1 and y=-4x-5
Equate both sides
2x+1= -4x-5 y= 2x+1
y= 2(-1)+1
6x = -6
y= -2 + 1
x = -1 y= -1
Substitute the x = -1 to the
first equation
3. Shade the region on the plane where 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≤ 1

4. Explain why 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 1 is a relation.

+ = 1 is a relation because for every
x-value there is more than one y-value.
Or if a vertical line test was drawn on
the graph of + = 1, then the vertical
line would cross at 2 points.
Component 2: Lesson Purpose/Intention
Time: 3 minutes
The lesson is about ensuring the skills learnt
during the week will be consolidated in this
review lesson.

False
Component 3: Lesson Language Practice
Time: 5 minutes
Parallel Lines
– are lines in a plane that are always the same distance
apart. Parallel lines never intersect.

Perpendicular Lines
– are lines that intersect at a right (90 degrees) angle.
Intercept
– is the point where the line crosses the x-axis, called
the x-intercept, and the point where the line crosses the y-
axis, called the y-intercept.

Gradient
– is the slope or steepness of a line when viewing from
left to right.
y-intercept
– where a line cuts the y- axis, where x=0 the x-axis,
where y=0.

Simultaneous
– occurs at the same time.
x-intercept
– where a line cuts.
 Equation
– a number sentence where one side equals the other.
Variable
– a quantity that can change by having different values.

Number Plane
– a two-dimensional number line where the vertical line is
called the y-axis and the horizontal is called the x-axis. The
x-axis and the y-axis meet at right angles.
Inequality
– compares two values, showing if one is less than,
greater than, or simply not equal to another value.

Region z
– is a space in the number plane that either is separated
by lines or is surrounded by lines.
Minimum
– The smallest value.

Maximum
– The greatest value.

Cargo
- the goods carried by a ship, aircraft, or other large
vehicle.
Equation
– a number sentence where one side equals the other.

Variable
– a quantity that can change by having different values.
Component 4: Lesson Activity
Time: 25 minutes
Component 4A

David buys 2 tops and 2 shirts in a shop and in total

they cost $18. Ellie buys 3 tops and 2 shirts in the
same shop, and they cost $22. Form two equations
and solve to find the cost of each top and each shirt.
Component 4B
 Observe students’ answers. Ask the students to volunteer
their answers, giving positive feedback.
Sample answers:
Let x be the number of tops and y be the number of shirts
The equations are:
2𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 18 and 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 22

Solve the equations simultaneously

2𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 18 ……𝑎
3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 22………b
b-a
𝑥 = 4
Component 4B
Substitute into a
8 + 2𝑦 = 18
2𝑦 = 10
𝑦 = 5

The solution is each top

costs $4 and each shirt
costs $5.
Component 4C
Q1. Jason and Melanie have $26.30 in total.
Melanie has $10 more than Jason. How much
each do Jason and Melanie have?
Sample Answer:
𝐽 + 𝑀 = 26.30
𝐽 = 𝑀 − 10
𝑀 − 10 + 𝑀 = 26.30
2𝑀 − 10 = 26.30
2𝑀 = 36.30 Jason has $8.15 and
𝑀= 18.15 Melanie has $18.15
𝐽 = 18.15 − 10
𝐽 = 8.1
Q2. Ken is buying tokens to play games at a fun
parlor. A turn on the ‘Kongs’ uses 3 token and a turn
on the ‘Cans’ uses 5 tokens. He only has enough
money to buy 26 tokens. Write an inequality to
describe the situation. Shade the region on the
number plane and explain why there are limits to
where you can shade.
Component 5: Lesson Conclusion
Time: 5 minutes
• What do you think were the key mathematical
concepts addressed in this lesson?

• Would you rate your level of understanding of the

material covered in this lesson as high,
moderate, or low?

• Has the lesson helped you to gain further insight

into aspects of the material covered that
represent strengths or represent weaknesses?
THANK
YOU!