REVOLT OF 1857

PRESENTED BY AMIT
 An Outline Of The Time Frame

•Ancient Period
•Medieval Period
•Modern Period
1. Aurangzeb ‘s death in 1707 is marked as the beginning of the modern period in
Indian history .
2. By late 18th centaury British became dominant in India.
3. British ruled India for 200 years and brought about many changes in all the
spheres of the country.
4. Between 1857 to 1914 British empire reached its zenith in India.
5. The INC was Formed in 1885 with an aim to unite people of India .
6. In 1915, Gandhi returned from South Africa And started a new wave of
nationalism.
 THE MODERN PERIOD IN THE INDIAN HISTORY

•Mughal empire witnessed downfall in 18th century .

•The regional kingdoms became powerful, emerged and declared
independent.
•Due to political unrest and instability, the European trading
companies like Dutch , French and English , Captured Indian
territories.
•In 1717, Farrukh Siyar granted rights to the British traders to conduct
duty free trade and reside in Mughal Kingdom Bengal.
•Siraj-ud -Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal and French Trading Co.
became upset.
•In 1757, Gen. Robert Clive led the British army in the Battle of Plassey
and defeated the combined Bengal and French forces.
Battle of Plassey, 23rd June 1757
 The Battle of Buxar
•After the Battle of Buxar in 1764, the East India Company established rule in India
and later expanded its control over the whole sub continent .
• British exploited the resources of our country, levied high taxes, monopolized trade
and followed the divide and rule policy from 1764 to 1857.
• The British defeated the combined forces of Mir Qasim, Shuja-ud-Daula, and Shah
Alam II, the three main scions of Mughal power in Upper India.
•The British gained control over Bengal and Bihar, and received the diwani rights of
Bengal from Shah Alam II, who surrendered himself to them.
•The British emerged as the supreme military power in northern India, and ended
the era of independent nawabs.
•The British acquired the districts of Midnapore, Burdwan, and Chittagong from Mir
Jafar, the puppet nawab of Bengal.
 The Revolt of 1857

•The Revolt of 1857 has been termed as the First War of Independence by Indian
Historians.
•British called it as Sepoy Mutiny.
•It was an important historical event because the EIC was dissolved and India was
Brought under the direct rule of the British Crown after the revolt was suppressed by
the British.
• The revolt of 1857 was the landmark in the history of India’s struggle for freedom. It
started on May 10 ,1857. Delhi was a mute witness to a band of sepoys crossing over
the Yamuna and entering Red fort. They appealed to the aged Mughal emperor Bahadur
Shah, an emperor without any authority, to take over the leadership of the revolt.
 GENERAL CAUSES
• Much more than mere product of sepoy discontent .
•Product of character and policies of colonial rule.
•Economic expolition.
•Destruction of its traditional economic fabric.
•British land revenue policies and the system of law Administration.
•Christian missionaries .
 BEGINNIG ANS THE COURSE OF THE REVOLT

•Revolt of 1857 based almost on British records

•British suppressed any favorable mention of the revolt
•Widespread well organized conspiracy.
•Outbreak in Meerut 10 May 1857 and spread widely from Punjab in North
and the Narmada in the South to Bihar in the east and Rajputana in the
west.
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