BASIC CADASTRAL

SURVEYING

CHAPTER 4
Field practice according to
JUPEM’s rules and
regulations
DEPARTMENT OF GEOMATIC SCIENCE
FACULTY OF ARCHITECHTURE,
PLANNING & SURVEYING
UiTM
 Learning Outcomes
At the end of the lesson, students should be
able:
• Data preparation, datum and azimuth.
• Angle, bearing and distance measurement.
• Differential field test.
• Independent checking, connection line and
topographical offset.
• Types of boundary marks.
• Method of marking, on line survey.
PREPARATION OF FIELD
DATA FOR FIELDWORK 
 Field
Tracing

Pre-
QT
comp
Plan
plan
Cadastral
Drawing
PU Plan  e.g slide no. 5
QT Plan  e.g. Slide No 20
Layout Plant  e.g Slide no. 21-24

Layout PU
Plan Plan
 Field Tracing
i. Is a plan that produce by DSMM under
Cadastral section.
ii. Purpose: Create for every new PU.
iii. Works for a First Alienation Survey.
iv. All information data (e.g. bearing , distance,
area, and proposal of new boundaries line,
etc.) will be tracing using computerize (e.g.
auto CAD, ePU, etc.).
v. The information are based on approval PU
(PTG/ PTD) and referring to existing CPs.
vi. A new line or boundary marks will follow PU
and computation method will be applied to
determine the new boundaries mark.

PUPermohonan Ukur (from PTG/PTD)

 Boundary
Line

Bearing/
Distance

A PU Drawing
from PTG/PTD
Connection
Line (from
existing Lot to
Lot No. / the survey Lot)
Bearing/
Distance from
existing CP
 NDCDB
Green – Final
Title (approved)

Example of ePU from

DSMM
 Cont.. Field Tracing
The information on the Field tracing:

i. A new line will be red line which are bearing ,

distance and area must shows in this plan .
ii. Sub-plan e.g. location plan
iii. North Arrow , and details e.g. State, District,
Scale
iv. Type of Survey e.g. sub-division, etc.
v. Road reserve, forest reserve, railways, etc.
vi. Coordinate- sun observation
vii. Standard Sheet No.
viii.CP no.
 PRE COMPUTATION PLAN

 A plan were prepared by Licensed Land Surveyor (LS)

based on the approved layout plan or PU.
 A digital pre comp plan is needed for any survey
application (PU) e.g. application of first alienated,
subdivision, partition, amalgamation and others that
relating to land tittle.
Definition PRE COMPUTATION PLAN

According to Cadastral Survey Regulation (CSR)

2009:
Pre comp plan mean layout plan or pre
computation plan that produce by DSMM/LS to
shows the propose of new boundaries line (bearing
and distance) and the area of the lots based on
computation from existing survey data and any
relevant survey data which the linear misclosure
not less 1:4000.
DATA INCLUDED AND SHOWN IN PRE-COMP
PLAN

i. Title to state the purpose of carrying out the

survey
ii. Location plan according scale showing title,
scale, north direction together with data to help
the identification of the location of the lot such
as boundaries and lot number
iii. Lot plan or original lot which are related with the
purpose of survey
iv. Dimension and bearing together with area and
the proposed lot
v. Width of road reserve, river reserve and other
type of reserve
vi. North direction and scale
vii. Other necessary information
Standard Pre-computation Format (source: Introduction to Cadastral Survey)
FLOW CHART OF PU (before 2009)
 eCADASTRE : CONCEPTUAL WORKFLOW
TITLE SURVEY (source: PKUP 2009)

LAND OFFICES STATE JUPEM

Hardcopy
Requisition of
Survey (RS)
3

• KOMMS Server
1 • Registration of file
• Updated ePU
• Scanning related RTK Net
Database
Licensed documents
• Generate ePU • CRM Squad
Land • Updated CSRS 4 determine Cadstral
Surveyors • Registration of file
Control point

(LS) • Import PU ASCII

2 JUPEM2U
• Generate ePU
Internet
Digital RS

• Updating 5
Temp NDCDB

10 7

6
9
• CS digisign Temp • Validation • SUM Server
Posting B1 Tiff NDCDB Server • LSA validation
(Digital Title Plan) • Updating NDCDB • Detail checking • Preliminary
to Land Offices • Generate B1 Tiff • To accept/reject checking
• To accept/reject
 ePU (source: PKUP 2009)

Land ePU Section

Offices
3

Store
PU Hardcopy
1 2
physical
• PU File
Registration Scan, Digitise, Update
PU Softcopy ( PU layer 4
CSRS
PU ASCII) • Creating File (PU ASCII)
Generate SKL
*.pub • Key-in PU Info layer- SKL ASCII
(boundary) • generate lot 5 Pre_survey_layer
*.pud (detail) number
*.pul (lot)

CSRS

JUPEM2U Field Surveyors CRM Section

SKL ASCII
*.skl (Lot)
*.skb (Boundary) CRM Layer
*.job (Details)
Current Practice by LLS
Circular PKUP 2009..

Registration of Land Title's Survey File License

Land Surveyor.

1. Pre comp plan start- after received lots number

from land registration system (online). This
system capable to shows the spatial data and file
workflow.
2. Preparing Pre comp plan must follow:
a) If the area already have NDCDB , LS must
submit the following:
i. *.pul (relating to land parcel e.g. area, etc)
ii. *.pub (relating boundaries line information)
iii. *.pud (relating to additional information;
e.g. land categories, name, and address)
 b) If Pre comp plan does not have NDCDB, the
plan based on GDM2000 coordinate and CRM
stations. The plan information must have
ASCII files as following:
i. *.pul (relating to land parcel e.g. area, etc)
ii. *.pub (relating boundaries line
information)
iii. *.pud (relating to additional information;
e.g. land categories, name, and address)
iv. *.pot (relating to GNSS coordinates)
v. *.crm (relating to file information and
location.)
3. LS can submit the plan via online or any counters
of JUPEM states.
4. Pre comp plan that follow State Cassini should re-
processing to achieved NDCDB tolerance and
standard.
 Preparing Pre-comp plan
Collection of Survey Data/ Information:

i. Existing CP (the latest CP-checked the date

approved)  extraction info of brg/dist/area
ii. Standard Sheet (location)
iii. Support document:
i. PU plan
ii. PU
iii. Receipt
iv. List of application name
v. Cert. of exception fee survey
vi. Letter of DSMM
vii. Letter of approval
viii.Letter of Land Office
I. Land Office Letters
II. Survey application (PU)
III.PU plan
IV. Approved Letter from MMKN or
copy of QT
V. List of application name
VI. Survey Fee/ resit
EXAMPLE- DRAWING/ PLAN IN
CADASTRAL SURVEYING

1) Field Tracing √
2) Pre-comp plan √
3) PU Plan √
4) QT Plan (Qualified title)
5) Layout Plan
E.g. 1: QT drawing for applying the QT to Land Office
E.g. 2: LAYOUT DRAWING
E.g. 3: LAYOUT DRAWING by Town Planner
E.g. 4: LAYOUT DRAWING by Town Planner
E.g. 5: LAYOUT DRAWING by Town Planner
Cont… importance Pre-comp plan

Shows a Show Area

proposal
Bearing and
new
distance
boundaries
line

Guideline:
In Field
Find the Work Coordinate
location
(sun
site
observation)
location key

Start survey Land types

(datum) or status
EXAMPLE- Field Tracing by
JUPEM/ DSMM

1) The documentations/ letter of PU

from PTG/ PTD to JUPEM
2) PU Plan
3) DSMM – ePU Department using
software.
DATUM
Thinking..

What do you understand

about :.

Datum
 DATUM
A datum is a reference from which
measurements are taken.

In surveying, a datum is a reference point on the

earth's surface against which position
measurements are made, and an associated
model of the shape of the earth for computing
positions.
Generally, datum have 2 types

1) Horizontal datum are used for

describing a point (x, y) on the earth's
surface, in latitude and longitude or
another coordinate system.

2) Vertical datum are used to measure

elevations, height (z) or underwater
depths.
DATUM in Cadastral Surveying

In cadastral survey, datum is a line consist of

adopted/proved bearing and the distance and it
will become reference line to start survey job.

Datum also be used to find fixed or permanent

coordinate. Without good datum(condition), the
surveyor will not achieve a good job or satisfy.
Than the errors occurred overlap and land
encroachment between a lots.
 Types of Datum (2009)
1. Cadastral Reference Mark (CRM)

2. Two boundary marks measurement from NDCDB

that separated not less than 40 meter which that
exact position has proved with direct
measurement or traverse and calculation,
together with astronomical observation for
azimuth or MyRTKnet observation; or

3. Two boundary marks that contiguous from

NDCDB that proved the position with third mark
using measure angle and distance or with traverse
and it must place in exact position.
Criterion of CRM

1. Cadastral Reference Mark (CRM) station

that used:
a)at least two new CRM station that
separated and not less than 30 metre
made simultaneous observation via
MyRTKnet method for first CRM station
and second station is using static
method for; or
 DATUM CRM A

TWO GNSS
INSTRUMENTS

GNSS 2
(Statik)

simultaneous observation

CRM 2 GNSS 1
(MyRTKnet)
> 30
me
t er

CRM 1
B. at least two new CRM that separated and not less than 30
metres made simultaneous observation with static
method for both station; or
TWO GNSS
INSTRUMENTS

GNSS 2
(Statik)
CRM 2 > 30
met
er
GNSS 1
(Statik)

simultaneous
observation CRM 1
C) at least two new CRM stations that separated and not less
than 30 metres made observation with MyRTKnet method for
both station in one initializes; or
ONE GNSS
INSTRUMENTS
GNSS 1
(MyRTKnet)
one initializes

>3 GNSS 1
0
CRM me (MyRTKnet)
te r
2
Mo
v
CR e t o
M2
wit one initializes
h
loc out lo
k st CRM 1
D) at least two new CRM stations that separated not
less than 75 meter made observation with MyRTKnet
method for both stations in two initializes; or
ONE GNSS
INSTRUMENTS

GNSS 1
(MyRTKnet) 2nd initializes

GNSS 1
(MyRTKnet)
CRM 2
>7
5m
ete
r
1st initializes

CRM 1
E) if two old CRM station used, it need to be proved the position
with third station with angular measurement and distance
measurement whether from CRM old or NDCDB near; or

DB
C
ND
@
R M
C c e
t an
s
di
t e r ior
In
e
angl
CRM 2
distance
CRM 1
2) two boundary marks measurement from NDCDB that
separated not less than 40 meter which that exact position
has proved with direct measurement or traverse and
calculation, together with astronomical observation for
azimuth or MyRTKnet observation; or
old

Azimuth
NDCDB > 40 meter
 GNSS
(MyRTKnet) GNSS
(MyRTKnet)
Azimuth
NDCDB
> 40 meter
NDCDB
3) two boundary marks that contiguous from
NDCDB that proved the position with third mark
using measure angle and distance or with traverse
and it must place in exact position.

old

NDCDB
jarak

sudut

jarak NDCDB
NDCDB
Datum Condition according
Circular 2002

The distance of line to be used as a datum must be

more than 30m and the allowable for displacement
are:
i. Line not more than 40m
– bearing 01’ and distance 0.015 meter
ii. Line more than 40 m
– bearing 30” and distance 0.006 meter
for each 20 meter, with the maximum
displacement 0.050 meter.
Datum Condition according Circular
2002

Based on the standard procedure to determine

the datum, the tolerance for interior angle is not
more than 10”, while for 2nd class survey
measurement not more than 20”.
 BKL
N
2

BKL

BKL

In cadastral surveying, datum is needed to start

survey. Are the boundaries marks above can be
used as a satisfactory datum? Give your comment
Interior Angle Difference
 
Certified plan (PO) = 130 30 30
Measure (New) = 130 30 40
Diff = 10
Refer to circular KPUP2002, the interior angle differ is acceptable.
 
Distances Difference
 
Line 1-2 (<40 meters)
Tolerance = 0.015m
Diff = - 0.010m
 
Line 2-3 (>40 meters)
Tolerance = (76.353-40)/20*0.006 =
= 0.015 + 0.011m
= 0.026m
Diff = 76.341-76.353
= 0.012m

Refer to circular KPUP, the distances differ is acceptable.

* The boundary marks are acceptable to use as satisfactory datum.
Datum Conditions according to circular no. 5 and 6, 2009

Line distance (datum) should exceeding 30

meter and the vector displacement limit is
less than 0.050 meter for urban/town and
new development area. The rural area, the
difference of vector displacement is 0.100
meter.

The internal angle between two lines that

obtained in accordance with procedure 4.1.1
(iii) should do not exceed 10”.
ANGLE, BEARING AND
DISTANCE
MEASUREMENT
Method of data collection.

GPS conventional/RTK/GNSS
Traverse (Bearing/Distance)
Radiation
INTERSECTION, and;
RESECTION
RTK method/GPS
conventional
1

9 11

2
10
3
8

7 4

• Data collection using RTK and GPS conventional method.

• Final output in full coordinates and used in large area and clear view.
Traverse

• A series of line that consists of Bearing and

distance observation.
• Observation on both face (FL and FR)
• Record as two separate observation.
• classified as Open traverse and close traverse
• Must closed to nearest CRM station or old boundary
marks and every 25 stations or 1 km.
CLOSED TRAVERSE

When complete cycle is made and consequently

the work can be checked and adjusted.

A closed traverse begin and end on the same

point (polygon traverse) or begin with known
point and ending at another known point (link
traverse).
CLOSED TRAVERSE
CLOSED TRAVERSE

link traverse
OPEN TRAVERSE

Open traverse begin with known point and

ending with unknown point.

The reliability of traverse cannot be

checked.

Useful when the survey is a long narrow strip.

OPEN TRAVERSE
 Traverse Method
10

13
8
9
6
11

14
15
12
17
7
5
16
3
4
18
2

Traverse Method : 1-2-3-4-5-6-8-10-13-14-1

Radiation Method : 5-7, 6-9, 8-10, 8-11, 8-12, 13-15, 14-16, 14-17 & 1-
18
Radiation

Bearing and distance observation

Observation on both faces (FL and FR)

Record as two separate observation

Maximum distance 300m

 Radiation Method

6 F
H A
3
J
B

5
4

E C

D
2

Traverse Method : 1-2-3-4-5-6

Radiation Method : 2-A, 2-B, 2-C, 2-D, 3-E, 3-F, 3-G, 4-H & 4-J
Intersection

Bearing and distance observation

Observation on single face

Observation are made from 2 difference station.

 Intersection
Method
H

6 G
J A

F
B

3
5
4

E C

D
2

Traverse Method : 1-2-3-4-5-6

Intersection Method : 2-A, 2-B, 2-C, 2-D, 2-H, 3-E, 3-F, 3-G, 3-H, 3-A, 3-B,
3-C, 3-D, 4-E, 4-J, 4-G, 4-F & 6-J
Resection

Bearing and distance observation

Observation on single face

Observation are made on 3 difference

station and the coordinate values are
known
 Resection Method

6 G
J A

F
B

3
5
4

E C

D
2

Traverse Method : 1-2-3-4-5-6

Resection Method : D-1,D-2,D-3,C-1,C-2,C-3,B-1,B-2,B-3,A-1,A-2,A-3,E-2,
E-3,E-4,H-3,H-4,H-5,G-3,G-4,G-5,F-4,F-5,F-6,J-4,J-5,J-6
 INDEPENDENT
CHECKING, CONNECTION
LINE AND
TOPOGRAPHICAL
OFFSET.
 Double independent check (DIC)

DIC is measurement method to check the

radiation/ hanging/ offset/ direct measurements
(within the traverse) which not in closed
traverse i.e. hanging line.

Necessary within the following works :

1. Offset during Re-fixed (tanam pastian) or
planting a new boundary marks.
2. Link Line (connections) or Hanging line
3. Open traverse
Procedure in DIC using 1 total station & 2 prizm

e.g. Line 3-5

1. Step-up inst. on stn 3, prism on stn 4 (forward
station).
2. RO to stn 2 and observ. (FL & FR) to stn 4.
3. Replace prism at stn 4 to stn 5 (bkl). Inst. still at
stn3. Observed (FL & FR) to stn 5.
4. Replace prism on 2 to 4. i.e. inst maintained at 3,
but RO to stn 4 with RO 0º0’10”, 0º0’20”, or others.
5. Observed to 5 (bkl).
Source: Introduction to
Cadastral survey

DIC Booking Procedure

Survey Connection: Offsets

Refer Circular 2009 No 6 Page 46-47

Is necessary to show any permanent features (e.g.

rivers, road, building, etc.) on the lots into CP or
plan for matters following:
 Survey Connection: Offsets

a) Route existing above land for authority creation

right of access under Regulation 48;
b) Any obstacle that nearby reference mark "No
Sign”(T.T);
c) Any building or building remain such as drain,
fence and other that lies within lot and above
boundary; and
d) Any details remain including river, lake, system
route transport and power supply tower electric
that is nearby measure line.
TYPES OF BOUNDARY
MARKS.
 Types of Boundary Mark
According to Regulation 25(CSR 5/2009), there are a
few types of boundary marks are permitted such as:
1. Concrete stone, concrete pillar, granite stone, iron
pipe with followed the size as stated by JUPEM.
2. Nail and iron nail with concrete;
3. Mark on stone (hole with arrow sign)
4. Any marks that allowed by JUPEM.
 Concrete Stone

Reinforced concrete 600 mm long, 75 mm diameter

 Point mark for the station
The stone planted by Survey Department must be mark
with “JUP”.
Certain stone the serial number is mark on the surface.
There is no mark for the stone that planted by LLS
 Concrete Pillar

Reinforced concrete columns

Length 1200 mm - 1800 mm
Cylindrical
Diameter 70 mm
Point mark for the station
 Granite Stone (BL)
Granite stone in square shape
80mm wide, 120 mm long and 600 mm high
Point mark for the station
 Iron Pipe (PL)
900 mm long with a diameter between 25 mm - 50 mm
Tar coated or plated metal to stainless
Hole at the top of the pipe must be closed preferably
with a concrete and sign of the station point
 Nail

Length is approximately 55 mm diameter 8 mm

Nail head diameter of 15 mm
46 mm diameter cover
Point mark for the station
 SPIKE

Length 100 mm diameter 12 mm

Spike head diameter 25 mm
Point mark for the station
Refer to specification diagram as shown
 MARK ON ROCK

Marked on the surface of the stone by piercing holes as

a sign of the station point
One indicator arrows pointing to the hole carved
METHOD OF MARKING, ON LINE
SURVEY.
Q&A
References
Circulars:
PKUP no 5/2009
PKUP no 6/2009

Book:
Introduction to Cadastral Surveying