A PRESENTATION

A PRESENTATION
ON
ON
HERBARIUM,
HERBARIUM,
FORESTRY RESEARCH
FORESTRY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTE OF NIGERIA OF
(FRIN),(FRIN),
NIGERIA JERICO, IBADAN.
JERICO, IBADAN.
BY
BY
AJIPE, J. O.
AJIPE, J. O.
BRIEF HISTORY OF THE INSTITUTE

• Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria

(F.R.I.N) was established as the federal
Department of forest research in 1954.
• By the institute decree No 35 of 1973
and the order establishing research
institutes of 1975, which was later
supervised by the decree NO 5 of
1977,the department changed to the
status of an institute.
 WHAT IS TAXONOMY ?
DEFINITION:
• Taxonomy can be defined as the study and description of the variation of
organisms, the investigation of the causes and the consequences of the variation
and the manipulation of data obtained to produce a system of classification.
• It is the biological systematic trend where plant species are identified, classified,
named(nomenclature) and proper classification is carried out, based on
taxonomical principles.
• It’s the science that finds, describes ,classifies, identifies, and names plants.
• Taxonomy is basic to other sciences and at the same time dependent on them.
• Taxonomy is basically beyond what we think it is because it’s believed to be the
essence of life in the plant world.
 THE HERBARIUM
• The herbarium is a collection of dried,
pressed plants mounted on sheets
bearing a detailed data label and stored
in strong cupboards in systematic
sequence.
• In botany a herbarium (plural: herbaria)
is a collection of preserved plant
specimens which may either be whole
or part of the plant and its usually in a
dried form, mounted on a sheet.
• The term can also refer to the building
where plant specimen are stored.
 HERBARIUM TECHNIQUE
•Herbarium technique is a technical
way of getting to the point of
virtual or herbarium specimen
which involves seven stages, and
in doing this, we have to be very
serious.
•It is a process or approach where
plant species pass through.
These stages includes;
•COLLECTION
•IDENTIFICATION
•PRESSING (DRING PROCESS)
•POISONING
•MOUNTING
•VOUCHERING/REGISTERING
•LAYING AWAY
 HERBARIUM TECHNIQUES PROCESS
• Equipment needed for the
herbarium techniques
include;
• Polythene bag, field note,
herbarium tag, cutlass,
menthylated
spirit/cypermethrine,
formaldehyde, phenol,
mercury chloride, secateurs,
gum, plant press wood,
absorbent sheath, ropes,
boots, paper cutting
machine, cardboard, boxes,
paper envelopes and so on.
 COLLECTION
• Collection of fertile plant specimen
from the field is done in the morning,
most time before 12 noon.
• Secateurs or knives are used in cutting
the plants (as many as possible).
• Field notes are used for documentations
or record keepings, such as descriptions
(location, height, colour, etc.), state,
locality, habitat, names of the collectors,
dates and so on.
• The plants are kept inside a plant
polythene sac and taken to the
herbarium for identification processes.
 IDENTIFICATION, PRESSING AND DRYING.
IDENTIFICATION:

• It is done by the herbarium experts, or a taxonomist.

• Theses experts are known as CURATORS.

PRESSING AND DRYING:

• Here, we use absorbent paper and plant press with

attachment of robe.
• The objective of this is to dry plants specie that have
been collected and identified.
• There are three methods of pressing:
• Sun drying method,
• Oven drying method and
• Air drying method.
 POISONING
• This done to prevent the plant specimen from decaying
over time from the actions of microbes and insects.
• Chemicals such as Mercuric (ii) chloride (HgCl 2), Cyper
methrine, phenol and methylated spirit, are used for
poisoning.
• The poisoning process is done in the herbarium.
• The plant specimen may be completely deepen into
already prepared poison in a big basin or the poison
sprinkled on the plant.
• The process is carried out before mounting and everyone
participating must wash their hands and take necessary
precautions before leaving the herbarium.
 MOUNTING
• The mounting process is done on a mounting sheath (paper cardboard)
and the size is determined by the herbarium sizes.
• This mounts must show all features of the plants and also look exactly
like a typical isotype (Herbarium type).
• In the process of mounting we have different covers which include the
species cover/jacket (lighter), and genius cover.
• Then all information from the field notes, determinant slip, forestry
herbarium Ibadan(FHI) number will be added, and other necessary
document to register the plants in the herbarium.
 LAYING AWAY
• This is the last process of the
herbarium techniques and it is
done after all the outlined
processes have been carried
out and registered.
• The Plant specimen is placed
in a file containing other plant
species of same Genus,
arranged with other Genera of
the same family and laid in
the herbarium cabinet.
• All the plants are arranged
alphabetically in the
herbarium cabinet in the order
of family, genus, and species.
THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENNING
AND GOD
BLESS YOU.