PRESENTATION

ON HEPATITIS B
NAME TEHREEM FATIMA
ROLL NO BPD02183151
 WHAT IS HEPATITIS B?
It is a viral infection that causes liver inflamation and damage.

The specificity of these HBV for liver cell is based on two properties :

1 virus specific receptors located on hepatocyte cell membrane (facilitates entry)

2 transcription factors found only in hepatocyte that enhance viral mRNA synthesis

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 PROPERTIES:
1 It is a 42 nm enveloped virion icosahedral nucleocapsid core containing double

stranded circular DNA genome

2 The envelop contain a protei called the surface antigen (HBsAg)

3 Within a core is a DNA polymerase.

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4 the genome contains 4 genes

that encodes 5 protein

The S gene encodes SURFACE

ANTIGEN The X gene encodes X

PROTEIN The C gene encodes the

COREE AND THE E ANTIGEN

The P gene encodes

POLYMERASE

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REPRODUCTIVE
CYCLE OF HBV

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CAUSES OF HEPATITIS B
 Spread through contact with infected persons blood, semen or
other body fluids.
 Being born to a mother with hepatitis b
SYMPTOMS OF HEPATITIS B
 Sharing drug needles or other drug materials with an infected
person.  Dark yellow urine
 Using infected person razor, toothbrush or nail clippers
 Feeling tired
 Fever
 Grey or clay coloured stools
 Joint pain
 Loss of apetite
 Nausea
 Abdominal pain
 Vomiting

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TYPES OF HEPATITIS B
• ACUTE HEPATITUS B
 Acute hepatitis is a short term infection.
 They may last several weeks. In some cases symptoms may
last up to 6 months .
 Sometimes your body is able to fight off the infection and
the virus goes away.
 Most healthy adults and children older than 5 years old
have hepatitis b and get better with treatment
 Some people have symptoms of acute hepatitis b within 2
to 5 months after they have come on contact with the virus.
 CHRONIC HEPATITIS B
 CHRONIC HEPATITUS B is a long lasting infection.
 Chronic hepatitis B occurs when your body isn’t able to fight
off the virus and the virus does not go away
 Chances of developing chronic hepatitis b are grater if u are
infected with the virus as young child.
 About 90 percent of the infants infected with hepatitis B
develop a chronic infection.
 If u have chronic hepatitis B u may have symptoms until
complications develop, which could be decades after you were
infected
 A high rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
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 TREATMENT

• No antiviral is typically used in acute hepatitis B

• For chronic hepatitis B ENTECAVIR OR TENOFOVIR
• LAMIVUDINE, ADEFOVIR nd the combination of tenofovir and emtricitabine is also
used.

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LAB DIAGONISIS
PCR

ELISA TEST

ALT.

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 PREVENTION
1 HEPATITIS B IMMUNOGLOBULIN may used to protect persons who are exposed to hepatitus
b. it is partivularly efficacious within 48 hours of the incident

2 screening of blood donors

3 not sharing needles

4 wearing gloves if u have to touch another persons blood or open soures

5 not sharing personal items or tools. TEHREEM FATIMAn

TEHREEM FATIMA 9@GMAIL.COM

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