REPORTED

SPEECH
GROUP 8
MEMBERS
Ngô Đức Mạnh-A35799

Nguyễn Việt Tùng-A35436

Nguyễn Văn Khải-A35797

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

01 02
Reported speech Reported speech
Tense and modal Time and place changes
changes
01 Reported speech
Tense and modal changes
 Tense and modal changes

• We use reported speech when we want to say what someone else

said.
Eg: Falcon said he was going to go to school.

• If the reporting verb is in the past (eg said), we usually have to

change the tense of what the person actually said.
 Tense and modal changes
 ‘Direct Speech’ is in                                   ‘ Reported speech’ will be in
 Simple present tense                           Simple past tense                                           
S + V(present) + O                                       S + V(ed) + O
Eg: He said,“He works hard”                     He said that he worked hard
 Simple past tense                               Past perfect tense
S + V(ed) + O                                           S + had + V3 + O
Eg: He said,“He worked hard”                   He said that he had worked hard
 Past perfect tense   Past perfect tense
S + had + V3 + O                                     
Eg: He said,“ He had worked hard”           He said that he had worked hard
 Tense and modal changes
 ‘Direct Speech’ is in                                   ‘ Reported speech’ will be in
 Present continuous tense                       Past  continuous tense
S + is/am/are + V+ing  + O                          S+ was/were + V+ing +O
Eg: They said,“Martin is playing Baseball”           They said that Martin was playing Baseball
 Past  continuous tense                           Past perfect continuous tense
S + was/were + V+ing + O                          S + had + been + V+ing + O
Eg: They said, “Martin was playing Baseball”       They said that Martin had been playing Baseball
 Past perfect continuous tense Past perfect continuous tense
S + had + been + V+ing + O              
Eg: They said,“Martin had been playing Baseball”         They said that Martin had been playing Baseball
 Tense and modal changes
 ‘Direct Speech’ is in                                   ‘ Reported speech’ will be in

 Present perfect tense                           Past perfect tense

 S + has/have + V3 + O                             S + had + V3 + O
Eg: They said, “They have given me a chance”             They said that they had given me a chance
 Present perfect continuous tense              Past perfect continuous tense
S + has/have + been + V+ing + O                     S + had + been + V+ing + O
Eg: Peter said, “Mary has been writing the letter”           Peter said that Mary had been writing the letter
 Tense and modal changes
The changes of  modal auxiliaries  are shown as
 below, if the reporting verb is in simple past.

 ‘Direct Speech’ is in                                   ‘ Reported speech’ will be in

Will                                                          would
Shall                                                       should
Can                                                         could
May                                                         might
Must                                                         had to

Eg: Thomas said, ” The function  will  be grand”

       Thomas said that the function  would  be grand
 Tense and modal changes
Changes in Be-forms are shown below:

 ‘Direct Speech’ is in                                   ‘ Reported speech’ will be in

is,am,are                                      was, were
was, were                                     had been
had been                                      had been
has been / have been                   had been
eg:- Jacob pointed to Martin and said, ” He is my best friend”
      Jacob pointed to Martin and said that he was his best friend.
      - Mathew said, ” I have been ill for a week”
      Mathew said that he had been ill for a week
      - Tom said, ” Being a teacher was one of my childhood dreams”
     Tom said that being a teacher had been one of his childhood dreams
 Tense and modal changes
t!
ou
h We do not need to make any changes to the verb tense or
a tc
 W modal when we are reporting a scientihc fact or when
something is still true.

Eg: Tom said, ” The oceans produce the majority of the oxygen on Earth”
       Tom said that the oceans produce the majority of the oxygen on Earth
 PRACTICE
1. DIRECT: “We can go on the ferris wheel,” she said.
>> REPORTED:She said that we could go on the ferris wheel.
2. DIRECT:  "I didn't go to the party.“he said.
>> REPORTED:He said that he hadn't gone to the party. 
3. DIRECT: “I was waiting for the bus when he arrived.,” She said.
>> REPORTED:She said that she had been waiting for the bus when he arrived. 
4. DIRECT: “I must leave early,” Ben said.
>> REPORTED:Ben said that they had to leave early.
5. DIRECT: “Soil is full of life.“Anna said.
>> REPORTED:Anna said that soil is full of life.
 02
Reported speech
Time and place changes
 Time and place changes
With reported speech, we also usually have to change words and
phrases connected to time .These changes include:

Direct speech Reported speech Example

here there Stacy said, "I work here."-> Stacy said she worked there.

Now/at the Then/at the moment She said, "I am not hungry now."-> She said that she was not hungry then.
moment
He said, "I will have finished this paper by tomorrow."-> He said that he would
tomorrow The next/following day have finished that paper by the next/following day.
 Time and place changes
With reported speech, we also usually have to change words and
phrases connected to time .These changes include:

Direct speech Reported speech Example

“I’ve got a piano lesson tonight.”, Stella said -> Stella said that she had got a
tonight that night
piano lesson that night.

Next
week/month/year The following Kevin said, "I have a doctor's appointment next week.“ -> Kevin said that he
week/month/year had a doctor's appointment the following week.

yesterday
The day before/the She said, "I saw her yesterday.“ -> She said that she had seen her the day
previous day before/the previous day.
 Time and place changes
With reported speech, we also usually have to change words and
phrases connected to time .These changes include:

Direct speech Reported speech Example

the week/month/year
before/the previous
Last week/month/year “We had an awful earthquake last week.”, they said -> They told us that they had
week/month/year had an awful earthquake the previous week.

Before/previously

ago "We had lunch a week ago," she said. -> She said they had lunch a week before.
 Time and place changes
Watch out : We do not need to make any changes to time words/phrases when the
information is still true at the moment of speaking/writing.

Direct speech Reported speech

 "I won't see you tomorrow“, Bella said Bella said that she wouldn't see me tomorrow.
 Practice
 1. Direct: "I'd never been there before “, he said
-> Reported: He said that he had never been ….

A here ago

B there before

C before

D there
 Practice
 2. Direct: "I can help you tomorrow“, she said
-> Reported: She said that she could help me ….

A tomorrow

B next day

C the next day

D the following day

 Practice
 3. Direct: He said: "It is cold in here." 
-> Reported: He said that it was cold in ….

A here

B that

C there

D A&B are correct

 Practice
 4. Direct: Tom said: "It was hot yesterday."
-> Reported: Tom said that it had been hot ….

A the day before

B day before

C the previous day

D A&C are correct

  
Practice
5. Direct: Emily: "Our teacher will go to Leipzig
tomorrow."
-> Reported: Emily said (that) their teacher would go
to Leipzig ….

A the day before

B the next day

C the previous day

D following day
 Practice
 
6. Direct: Robert: "My father flew to Dallas last year."
-> Reported: Robert told me (that) his father had
flown to Dallas ...

A the year before

B the next year

C previous year

D A&C are correct

  
Practice
7. Direct: Lisa: "Tim went to the stadium an hour
ago."
-> Reported: Lisa said (that) Tim had gone to the
stadium an hour ….

A next

B before

C previous

D following
   Practice
8. Direct: "My mother will celebrate her birthday next
weekend“, Patricia said .
-> Reported: Patricia said (that) her mother would
celebrate her birthday ….

A next weekend

B weekend before

C the weekend

D the following weekend

 Practice
 9. Direct: Jason and Victoria: "We will do our best in
the exams tomorrow."
-> Reported: Jason and Victoria told me (that) they
would do their best in the exams ….

A next day

B the next day

C the following day

D B&C are correct

 Practice
 9. Direct:   "I went to the park today," he said.
-> Reported: He said that he had gone to the park ….

A that day

B the next day

C that

D A&B are correct

THANKS!