THERMOS FLASK

NAME-ITINA UPASANA
+3 2nd yr phy hons.
ROLL NO -2002010790580016
 CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• HISTORY
• HEAT TRANSFER
• conduction
• convection
• radiation
• CONSTRUCTION
• HOW DOES IT WORK ?
• APPLICATION
• ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
• CONCLUSION
 INTRODUCTION
• Thermos flask also known as Dewar flask or vaccume flask.
• A Thermos flask minimises heat loss for keeping drinks hot or cold.

• It is a storage vessel which provides Thermal insulation .

• The function of thermos flask is to prevent the flow of heat to and from
the bottle.
HISTORY
• The vacuum flask was designed and invented by
scottish scientist Sir James Dewar in 1892 as a result of
his research in the field of cryogenics and is sometimes
called a Dewar flask in his honour.

• Dewar's design was transformed into a commercial

item in 1904 as two Germal Reinhold Burger and
Albert Aschenbrenner discovered a more rebust flask
design which was suited for everyday use .
 HEAT TRANSFER
• Heat travels from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower
temperature.

• It is the flow of thermal energy.

• This process is carried out by ,

• Conduction
• Convection
• Radiation
01 CONDUCTION

• Conduction is the process which heat is transferred through a

medium from one particle to the next by direct contact

02 CONVECTION

• Convection is the process where heat is transferred through a fluid

(liquid or gas) by the movement of heated particles of the liquid.
03 RADIATION
• Radiation is a form of heat transfer that requires no medium to
travel
• Energy of radiation transferred in the form of electromagnetic
waves.
• It occurrs more effectively in vaccum
• Doesn't involve the movement of matter.
• The wavelength of thermal radiation ranges fromm 8000 A° to
0.4nm .(i.e if lies in the infrared region.)

BLACKBODY RADIATION
• A Blackbody is one that absorbs all electromagnetic radiations
falling on it.
• It is a perfect absorber and perfect emitter of radiation.
• A perfect blackbody is an idealization ,it doesn't really exist.
KIRCHOFF’S LAW OF RADIATION

• The ratio of emissive power of a body to it's absorptive power at

any constant temperature is equal to the emissive power of a
perfect black body and thus it always constant.
• According to kirchoff's law of heat radiation.

• eλ/aλ= constant = Eλ
 CONSTRUCTION
• The vaccum flask consists of two vessels,one placed
within the other and joined at the neck.
• It consist of double walled glass vessel resting on a work
inside a metal or plastic case.
• The inner wall and outer wall of it's coated with silver.
• The space between two walls is almost vaccum and the
walls are sealed on the top.
• The flask is placed on a cork in a metal case and is
secured at the neck with ring of rubber.
WORKING
• A Thermos is built based on the principle of insulation.
• The vaccum created by the inner and outer walls of the thermos
prevents conduction and convection.
• The tight stopper/cork is made up of plastic( insulating material)
stops air from entering or leaving the flasks (prevents convection,
conduction).
• Radiation can be minimize by silvering flask surfaces,reflects
infrared radiation straight back in again prevents radiation.
APPLICATIONS
• It storage or transmission of cryogenic fluids such as liquid
nitrogen or liquid natural gas.
• High temperature vaccum flask application include insulating
instruments within industrial processing ovens.
• Food processing , pharmaceutical sterilization, oil and gas
wells, geo thermal wells.
 ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

• Keep heat for longer. • Rust corrosion inside of the metal

• Reusable bottle.
• Used to preserve hot foot items. • Easy to get dent on the flask.
• It can be last long. • Not that easy to clean.
• It is safety to carry while travelling. • Expensive.
• Advantageous in aircraft. • Sometimes made from bad
matterial.
CONCLUSION
THANK YOU