Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CONDITION
If (to introduce possible or impossible situations or conditions and their results.)
• I usually make a sandwich to take to work if I have enough time.
• If you don’t book now, you won’t get good tickets.
In case
• In case I forget later, here are the keys to the garage.
• I brought an umbrella in case it rains.
Use in case of + noun to mean ‘if and when something happens’. (preposition, not
conjunction)
• In case of a breakdown, please press the alarm button.
• In case of emergency, call 911.
In case
• I brought two pencils in case you forgot to bring yours.
• I brought my torchlight in case I came back home late.
• I reviewed the material in case there is a sudden quiz.
In case of
• I brought an umbrella in case it rains.
• I brought an umbrella in case of rain.
Provided that/providing
• I will visit you provided that/providing my car gets new tires.
• My mom is okay if he comes along provided that he behaves himself.
• The government allows students to join the racing competition
provided that safety measures are taken.
Unless
• You can't get a job unless you have experience.
• You can get a job provided that you have experience.
• Most wild animals won't attack unless they are provoked.
Whether (used especially in reporting questions and expressing doubts)
if, or not:
• I wasn't sure whether you'd like it (or not).
• I'm wondering whether to have the fish or the beef.
CONTRAST
Although & Even though (After although and even though, we use
a subject and a verb. Even though is slightly stronger
than although.)
• Although we saw each other every day, we didn't really know each
other well.
• Even though she spoke very quietly, he understood every word.
• She didn't get the job even though she had all the necessary
qualifications.
Though
Though can also go at the end of the second phrase. This way of
expressing contrasting ideas is most common in spoken English.
• We waited ages for our food. The waiter was really nice, though.
While/whereas (to express the contrast between two things)
• Sheffield is in South Yorkshire while/whereas Leeds is in West
Yorkshire.
• While I like all types of fish, my girlfriend always chooses meat
dishes when we go out to eat.
• Some married couples argue all time, whereas others never do.
MANNER
As
• I drew the mountain as you did.
• We cooked the fish as the chef did.
Wherever
• Some people enjoy themselves wherever they are.
• You can sit wherever you like.