Where are the Hotspots of ASUR 104

Schiphols air pollution

around Amsterdam? By: Wanda Needham
3029550
Spatial research questions

• Main question
• Where are the Hotspots of Schiphols air pollution around Amsterdam?
• Spatial questions
• How many planes fly in & out at Schipol every day?
• Which top 5 cities does Schiphol fly to? (SQ1)
• Which 5 cities have the most arriving flights to Schiphol? (SQ2)
• Which are the most polluting airports in Europe? (SQ3)
• Which air crafts pollute the most? (SQ4)
• How does this affect air quality? In which area(s) around Schiphol is it the worst? (Main
question)
Data & Sources

• Dutch Plane Spotters.nl; Quality: good, updated every few seconds, live
Title: Schiphol Traffic
Description: Real Time Data collection of Schiphol flights
Published: daily
Countries: NL
https://schiphol.dutchplanespotters.nl/?date=2022-08-15

• Statista; Quality: good, reliable source

Title: Passenger carbon dioxide emissions of widebody (narrow body and regional) aircraft in 2019, by aircraft model; CO2 emissions from commercial aviation

Description: During 2019, passenger aviation flights carried out on the Boeing 777-300 or 777-300ER widebody aircraft models emitted the highest level of carbon dioxide (CO 2),
with roughly 77 million metric tons. In that period, Airbus A330-300 widebody aircraft contributed more than 40 million metric tons of CO2 emission to the atmosphere.

Keywords: C02 emissions, aircraft models

Published: 10.2020 by ICCT

Countries: Worldwide
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1189360/carbon-dioxide-emissions-narrowbody-aircraft-model/
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1189363/carbon-dioxide-emissions-widebody-aircraft-model/
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1189358/carbon-dioxide-emissions-regional-aircraft-model/
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1271485/co2-emissions-passenger-transport-airports-europe/
Data & Sources

• Cbs.nl; Quality: Data from government organisation

Title: Luchtvaart; maandcijfers Nederlandse luchthavens van nationaal belang

Description: Aviation; monthly figures of Dutch airports, aircraft movements, cross country flights and local flights, commercial air traffic, 2020-2022

Keywords: dutch airports, flight travel, passenger, commercial

Published: 2019

Last changed 28th September

Countries: NL Side note: Did not end up using these two sources
https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/cijfers/detail/37478hvv?q=aviation%20monthly%20figures%20of%20dutch%20airports
as the data from Schiphols website is just an
approximation and didn’t macth up with the data
• Schiphol.nl; Quality: not reliable because it is just an approximation from DPS. The data set from CBS was what helped
me get started but then I changed my research
Title: Plane Facts and Figures; Flying by numbers
question so this dataset was not relevant anymore.
These data sets are only approximations- couldn’t be used- didn’t match up with my other sources

Unreliable

Published: n.d.

Country: NL, Schiphol

https://www.schiphol.nl/en/you-and-schiphol/page/five-questions-about-aircraft/

https://www.schiphol.nl/en/you-and-schiphol/page/about-planes/
Important information before we go ahead

• Looked ONLY at passenger air travel (& cargos)

• Looked at the month of August 2022, looked at the 15th (summer holiday,
main travel month)
• CO2 emissions given are from 2019
• Only focused on the 5 main cities that Schipol flies to and where most fly
from to Schiphol
• Cities with multiple airports such as London are just calssified under
LONDON (1)
How many planes fly in & out at Schipol every day?

• Source used: CBS, Schiphol & Dutch Plane Spotter (DPS)

Ended up only using DPS, reason source CBS wasn’t clear and Schipol didn’t
match with the numbers.
Steps taken:
- Downloaded all the flights departuring and arriving at Schiphol on the 15th
August 2022
- Together about 1560 planes in that day (place to 750, place from 820)
Which 5 cities does Schiphol
fly to most? (SQ1)
Which 5 cities have the most
arriving flights to Schiphol?
(SQ2)
Place TO – from Schiphol Place FROM – to Schiphol
VISUALISATION
Combined
 Emission
Which are the most polluting airports in Europe?
(SQ3)
 Schiphol top 4 in 16,2
Europe

8,1

Google maps, visualisation:

https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/viewer?mid=1N0h9FApwNEEuzx_pT6N97l2IhfUVu80&ll=53.0
6290984266042%2C16.87633568796879&z=4
 Visualisation
Map of the 10 most polluting airports:
What did I do?
• Cleaned up all the data received from DFS
• Looked at only 5 most relevant airports/cities, to
also indicate direction of emission
• Looked up emissions per aircraft (this step took
ages)
• Manually filled out emission numbers per aircraft
• Only a few aircraft models I couldn’t find any data on
regarding emissions- took the average for these
(only 6 flights)
 Passenger CO2 emissions of aircraft by model 2019
worldwide
(in million metric tons)

116.00
114.00

Which air Wide body aircrafts

Narrow body
aircrafts

crafts pollute 77.00

the most? 40.60

48.40

(SQ4)
34.30
Regional aircrafts
33.60
32.30
29.80
27.80
22.70
19.30
18.90
15.90 16.30
11.60 10.60
9.54
6.946.40
3.963.513.283.042.952.902.44 3.673.403.24
E R 00 00 00 LR - 9 - 8 00 ER 00 9 0 75 00 00 95 00 45 00 00 70 00 20 21 19 LR ER 00 eo 80 00
7
0 -3 -8 -2 0 8 8 -9 0 - 4 7 1 1 J9 - 4 1 - 6 J1 J2 J7 1 8 3 3 3 0 0 2 n - 2
- 30 30 80 30 - 20 g 7 g 7 50 -30 47 r E aer CR h 8 er E 72 ER CR CR er E 37- s A s A s A -70 -90 57- 320 MD 17-
/ 3 3 3 / in in 3 / 7 e
a r r s a R r r r a 7 u u u 7 7
00 us A us A us A ER oe oe us A 300 ing br mb dai Da br AT rae dai dai br ng irb irb irb 00/ 00/ ng us A glas ng
- 3 0 B B - e m E a d m b a a m e i A A A -7 -9 ei rb u ei
b
7 i r ir i r 0 b b b
r 7 o E n n E n n E 7 7 o i o
77 A A A / -2 Ai 76 B Ca illa Em Ca Ca Bo 73 3 B A ell D B
o
ng 0 ng a v ng ng 7 n
ei 20 ei H ei ei on
Bo 7- Bo De Bo B o cD
77 M
ng
oei
B
Source: statista
Where are the Hotspots of
Schiphols air pollution
around Amsterdam?
What did I do next?
Divided the emission values by 12 to have a monthly rate

Problem: emission values are worldwide

Solution: divided values by 40 to make it more realistic

Divided by 40 because that was the closest Schiphol value would add up
to 8 (as contributing to pollution in Europe)
Amsterdam ranks 11th most busiest airport in the world

Tried my best with my basic math knowledge

 Emission combined
arriving and
departing Schiphol
• On Argcis we can see per flight
paths, which pollute the most
and have the highest emission
values.
• The most pollution route is
between London and
Amsterdam as expected, as
here are also the most flight TO
and FROM.
• The second most polluting
route is between Paris and
Amsterdam.
• Then Dublin and afterwards
Lisbon.
Where are the Hotspots
of Schiphols air pollution
around Amsterdam?

It can be concluded that the

neighborhoods that suffer the
most from the air pollution is
Hoofddorp as most flights arriving
and departing come from this
direction. One of the main factors
are the many flights arriving and
going to London. Second most
affected area would be Aalsmeer.
Luckily, the centre of Amsterdam
doesn’t suffer too much.
 • As mentioned, the emission values are from 2019,
some newer aircraft models pollute less, so maybe
this could help in the future to increase relevancy.
Limitations • To be more precise according to the most polluted
areas around Schiphol, one would have to calculate
landing and departing emission values and in
general look at all flight, - not just the main 5
destinations.
• Also, the precise landing and take off routes make a
difference. Most likely, many planes have to circle
around the airport first in order to land or fly off in
the right direction.
• Another point might be, the effect that wind might
have on the pollution and the direction/areas this
may influence.
Logbook, working on the data

Finding data about monthly figures – aircrafts

Finding data about emission by aircraft
Finding data about number of flights at Schiphol daily
Analyzing 15th of August 2022 (why? High season)

Passenger and cargo

Cleaning up data
Choosing and counting the countries/cities most planes fly from and to Schiphol
Concentrating on top 5 cities
All airports in those cities
Deleting everything that is not relevant
Deleting cancelled flights
Trying to find emissions per aircrafts

Couldn’t find all the emission values

Average chosen for the 6 that were not found
Emission data retrieved is from 2019
Place FROM (missing 5 emission values)
Place To (missing one emission value)
Took the average for these 6
Dividing the emission values by 12 to get a monthly rate

Diving the monthly rate by 40 to make it more realistic (tried to make it as close to 8 million metric tons CO2 emission per day) -> relating to yearly Schiphol contribution