FALLACIE

S
 Argumentum Ad
Baculum

Argumentum Ad
Fallacies Hominem

Argumentum Ad
Misericordiam
Argumentum
Ad Baculum
 Argumentum Ad Baculum

●The Appeal to force

●The ad baculum is a Latin phrase which means “Appeal to

stick.” A baculum or baculus is a rod or a walking stick.
Appeal to stick is generally taken to involve a threat of injury
or harm.
3 Form’s of
Ad Baculum
 using PHYSICAL
THREATS to force
1.
Physical Threats your opponent
to acquiesce to
an argument.
Example:
Language is relative, so long as
people know what you're talking
about it doesn't matter if you
pronounce GIF with a HARD or a soft
"g".

John
If you call it a 'jif' I'm going to punch
you in the face.

Tim
 using the force of
one’s Authority
2. Authority or
Position
or Position to
force an
opponent to
concede..
Example:
Using tab during coding reduces file
sizes and takes less energy to type
therefore, we should institute that as
a company policy.

John
If you use tab while coding at this
company, you will need to find
another company to work for.

Matt
 is to use Social
Consequences as
a means of

3. Social
Consequences
getting an
opponent to
concede an
argument.
Example:
Anyone
John argues that hiswho believes
opposition to certain laws are
something
founded soofstupid
on the concept is arights
individual
balancedwimpy
against bigot
the common good.
and I'll do
everything I can to let
everyone know that.

Tim doesn’t like this:

Threats≠ Argument
 Argumentum Ad
Baculum

Argumentum Ad
Fallacies Hominem

Argumentum Ad
Misericordiam
Argumentum
Ad Hominem
 Argumentum Ad Hominem

●The Appeal to Personal Attack

●The ad hominem is a Latin phrase meaning Literally “To the

man.” Ad Hominem is when someone uses a PERSONAL
ATTACK as an argument.
1. ABUSIVE
Example:
because dark chocolate has
John argues antioxidants and most other
candies only have sugar,
which rots your teeth, dark
chocolate is therefore better
than most sweets.

YEAH, BUT YOU'RE A GREEDY

JERK

Not an
Argument Tim responds to this argument
2. CIRCUMSTANSIAL
Example: If Tim were to respond to John's
argument

YEAH BUT YOU WORK FOR THE

CHOCOLATE COMPANY YOU'RE
PAID, TO SAY THAT
3. TU QUOQUE
Which is Latin for “ you also”
Example: Now if Tim were to respond to
John's argument

YEAH BUT I SAW YOU EATING A

CANDY CANE
4. GUILT BY
ASSOCIATION
Example: This would be if Tim responded
to John by saying:

NOT AN
NAZI'S ALSO BELIEVED DARK

ARGUMENT
CHOCOLATE WAS BETTER
Personal
Attack ≠ Argument
 Argumentum Ad
Baculum

Argumentum Ad
Fallacies Hominem

Argumentum Ad
Misericordiam
Argumentum
Ad
Misericordiam
 Argumentum Ad Misericordiam

●The Appeal to Pity

●The Ad Misericordiam is a Latin phrase meaning literally

“To Pity.” Ad Misericordiam is when someone makes an
appeal to the emotion of pity instead of addressing an
ARGUMENT.
Example:
For example, John argues that:

If you sign a lease you have an

obligation to pay rent.

Tim doesn't like this and responds

My pet died last month, I just don't
know if I can take, paying rent right
now.
Pity ≠ Argument