Axiomatic Structures of a

Mathematical System
 AXIOMATIC SYSTEM
• is a logical system which possesses an explicitly
stated set of axioms from which theorems can be
derived.
• It consists some undefined terms, defined terms, list of
axioms or postulates concerning the undefined terms, a
system of logic (or proofs) to be used in deducing new
terms called theorems.
The axiomatic structure of a mathematical system can be compared to a tree.
 Properties of Axiomatic System
1. Consistency - An axiomatic system is said to be
consistent if there are no axiom or theorem that
contradict each other.
2. Independence - an axiom or postulate is said to be
independent if it is not a theorem that follows the other
axioms.
3. Completeness - An axiomatic system is
complete if for every statement, either itself or its
negation, is derivable in that system. In other
words, every statement is capable of being
proven true or false.
 Examples and illustrations of axiomatic structure
POINT LINE PLANE
• Has specific • one-dimensional • flat surface where
position figure with infinite infinite numbers
1. UNDEFINED • No dimension (no numbers of points of lines can lie
TERMS length, no width, • no specific length, • no specific length
- point, line, plane no thickness) without width nor and width and
- also called as thickness without thickness.
Example: • always straight
primitive terms
- tip of a pencil Examples:
- Building blocks - Corner of a Example: - cellphone screen
of Geometry rectangular tray - edge of a ruler - top of the table
- hair strand
 Examples and illustrations of axiomatic structure
Some definitions derived from the
undefined terms
2. DEFINED
TERMS 1. Definition of a SEGMENT
- important
concepts in
Geometry are
defined using the
three undefined
terms.
2. Definition of BETWEEN
3. Definition of COLLINEAR and COPLANAR POINTS
4. Definition of RAY

5. Definition of an ANGLE
6. Definition of CONGRUENT ANGLES
7. Definition of ACUTE, RIGHT and OBTUSE ANGLES.
8. Definition of ADJACENT ANGLES
9. Definition of SUPPLEMENTARY ANGLES
11. Definition of VERTICAL ANGLES
12. Definition of PERPENDICULAR LINES
13. Definition of PERPENDICULAR BISECTOR
14. Definition of POLYGON
15. Definition of CONVEX POLYGON
16. Definition of NONCONVEX (CONCAVE) POLYGON
17. Definition of REGULAR POLYGON
19. Definition of ANGLE BISECTOR OF A TRIANGLE
20. Definition of ALTITUDE OF A TRIANGLE
21. Definition of MEDIAN
22. Definition of ACUTE, RIGHT, OBTUSE, AND EQUIANGULAR TRIANGLE
23. Definition of SCALENE, ISOSCELES, AND EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE
 INSERT TITLE
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elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere,
magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada
libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna.

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