The Atmosphere and

Weather Systems
 WEATHER – refers to the condition of the atmosphere in a
certain place with in a short period of time.
 CLIMATE – is the average weather in a particular place
over a long period of time.
Winds and Climate
Systems
 Storms in Different
Oceans
Typhoon – Pacific Ocean
Cyclone – Indian Ocean
Hurricane – Atlantic Ocean
Classification of
Clouds
 Cirrocumulus
 Cirrus
 Alto-cumulus
 Alto-stratus
 Stratocumulus
 Stratus
 Cumulus
 Cumulonimbus
 Monsoons and Wind
System
AMIHAN (Northeast Monsoon, Sep to
June) – Cold and Dry
HABAGAT (Southwest Monsoon,
July to Aug.) – Warm and Humid
EASTERLIES – Hanging Silangan
from Pacific Ocean
 In the Philippines, the PHILIPPINE
ATMOSPHERIC, GEOGRAPHICAL, and
ASTRONOMICAL SERVICES
ADMINISTRATION (PAGASA) is the
government agency that provides weather
forecasts all over the country.
PAGASA classifies weather in the
1.Fine Weather
Characterized by FEW CLOUDS
and NO RAIN.
2. Fair Weather
Characterized by clouds that may
yields rain in scattered patches, but
sunny for the greater of the day.
3. Rainy
Weather
Characterized by rains that occur
during the greater part of the day
and winds that are generally light
to moderate.
4. Stormy
Weather
Characterized by heavy rains and
strong winds.
 PAGASA storm warning system

Signal No. 1 – winds of 30 to 60 kph in the next 24h

Signal No. 2 – winds of 61 to 120 kph in the next 24h
Signal No. 3 – winds of 121to 170 kph in the next 24h
Signal No. 4 – winds of 171 to 220 kph in the next 24h
Signal No. 5 – winds of more than 221 kph in the next 12h
Typhoon Classifications:
Tropical Depression – winds of up to 61 kph
Tropical Storm – winds of up to 62 to 88 kph
Severe Tropical Storm – winds up to 89 to 117
kph
Typhoon – winds up to 118 to 220 kph
Super Typhoon – winds exceeding 220 kph
SEASONS
 Air Temperature
 is another element of the weather
that is an important aspect of the
weather forecasting.
Sea and Land Breeze
 Measuring Air Temperature
• The temperature of the atmosphere is measured using
an AIR THERMOMETER.
• A MINUMUM THERMOMETER is used to measure
the lowest temperature of the day.
• A MAXIMUM THERMOMETER is used to measure
the highest temperature of the day.
• The Air Temperature is measured by the
THERMOGRAPH.
 Affect of the Sun to Earth

•The amount of heat received by

Earth’s surface is affected by sun’s
position.
 Humidity
• is the amount of moisture in the air
at a given time. It is measured using
the instrument called
HYGROMETER.
 Precipitation
• any type of water that forms in
the atmosphere than falls to
Earth in droplets.
 Kinds of Precipitation
1. Rain – the water vapor in the clouds increases in size then falls.
2. Drizzle – Light rain
3. Snow – water vapor that formed at temperature beyond freezing
point they fall as snow. Sleet and Hail.
4. Dew or Frost – when water droplets condense in the ground or in
the leaves.
5. Fog – is the condensation of the water vapor close to the ground.
SMOG is a fog that is made dirty by smoke and other.
 Weather Disturbances
1. Thunderstorms – strong winds are accompanied
by flashes of lightning and claps of thunder.
2. Tornados – the most violent of all weather
disturbances. When a tornado forms over a body of
water, it is called waterspout.
3. Typhoons – Violent storm that is formed over the
Pacific Ocean.
 Weather Forecast and Reports

Weather Forecast – is a PREDICTION of the

weather.
Weather Report – is a SUMMARY of present
weather conditions. The information is
accumulated to prepare a weather map or a
summary of the weather in a specific area.
 LET’S MAKE A WEATHER
BROADCASTING
Group 1 – will report the current
weather condition.
Group 2 – will report the fair weather.
Group 3 – will report Rainy Weather.
Group 4 – will report Stormy Weather.