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FLIGHT CONTROLS

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 SEQUENCE

• INTRODUCTION
• BASIC FLIGHT CONTROLS
• C-130 FLIGHT CONTROLS
• AILERONS
• ELEVATORS
• RUDDER
• TRIM TAB SYSTEM
• COCKPIT CONTROLS
• LIMITATIONS
• EMERGENCIES
• QUESTIONS
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BASIC FLIGHT CONTROLS

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 C-130 FLIGHT CONTROLS
• They include Ailerons, Elevators and Rudder
control systems and Trim tab systems
• The main surfaces are controlled by
mechanical systems with hydraulic boost.
• The trim tabs are controlled by electrical control
systems.
• The autopilot when operating controls the main
surfaces and elevator trim tabs. 5
 C-130 FLIGHT CONTROLS
• They are controlled by mechanical control sys,
consisting of cables, pushrods, bellcranks and
torque tubes.
• Hydraulic driven booster units provide most of
the force required to move the surfaces.
• Booster units are powered by utility and booster
hydraulic sys, each serves to power one portion
of the booster units. 6
 C-130 FLIGHT CONTROLS
• Loss of pressure of either hydraulic sys results
in a proportionate loss of power to operate the
booster unit.
• The aircraft may be controlled with complete
loss of booster unit power by the use of trim
tabs, engine power and coordinated increased
efforts of pilot and copilot.
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AILERONS

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 PURPOSE

AILERON EXECUTES ROLLING MOVEMENT,

ABOUT THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS OF THE
AIRCRAFT.

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 SALIENT FEATURES
 All metal construction.
 Located at trailing edge from outer wing to wing
tip.

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 SALIENT FEATURES
 All metal construction.
 Located at trailing edge from outer wing to wing
tip.
 Deflection angle is 25° Up and 15° Down.
 Controlled by turning the yoke.
 Attached to the wing beam by 07 hinge points.
 05 counter balance weights are attached to the
forward portion of each aileron for aerodynamic
balance. 13
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AILERON BOOSTER
ASSEMBLY

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 AILERON BOOSTER
ASSEMBLY
 It is a single tandem type hydraulic actuating
cylinder which furnishes most of the force to
actuate the ailerons.
 In B model a/c booster assembly gets 3000 PSI
from booster and utility hydraulic sys.
 In E model a/c it gets fluid through pressure
reducer valve at 2050 PSI from booster and
utility hydraulic sys. This excludes chances of
rapid bank angles, thereby reducing stress
loads on pylons and wings. 16
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 Pressure
Reducer Valve
2050 PSI

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Pressure Relief
Valve
2300 PSI

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Booster Shutoff
valve

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 BOOSTER SHUTOFF VALVES
• Two Solenoid shutoff valves
• Valve permits isolation of the boost unit from
either or both hydraulic systems.
• Controlled by switches in the flt deck, right side
of starting control panel. These are spring
loaded open on power loss.
• 28V Ess DC
• Amber warning light illuminates when its
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associated switch is in the off position.
BOOSTER CONTROL SWITCHES

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AILERON BOOST UNIT

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AILERON BOOST UNIT
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MECHANICAL SYSTEM
COMPONENTS

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 Lockclad Cables
• Lockclad is standard twisted steel wire cable
with an aluminum tube swaged around it.
• Cables coefficient of expansion is nearer that of
aircraft fuselage that of standard steel wire
cable.
• Lockclad cable is more rigid; therefore there is
less cable sag and fewer supports are needed
for a given length of cable.
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CONTROL CABLES

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Torque Tube
Underfloor torque tube,
transmits control wheel
movements mechanically to
the boost unit.

Cable Tension Regulators

Each flight control cable
system has tension
regulators to compensate for
changing temperatures.

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TORQUE TUBE / TENSION
REGULATOR

TORQUE TUBE

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Turnbuckles
In the bulkhead there are
turnbuckles for adjusting
cable tension.

Turnbuckles

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Aileron Booster Assembly

Turnbuckles

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PUSH PULL ROD/BELLCRANK/
IDLER BELLCRANK

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FOLLOW UP MECHANISM

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RUDDER

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 PURPOSE

RUDDER EXECUTES YAWING MOVEMENT,

ABOUT THE NORMAL AXIS OF THE
AIRCRAFT.

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 SALIENT FEATURES
 All metal construction.
 Attached to vertical stabilizer at the tail of the
a/c.

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 SALIENT FEATURES
 All metal construction.
 Attached to vertical stabilizer at the tail of the
a/c.
 Deflection angle is 35° Left and 35° Right.
 Controlled by movement of rudder pedals.
 Attached to the vertical stabilizer by 04 hinge
points.
 02 counter balance weights are used for
aerodynamic balance. 45
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RUDDER BOOSTER
ASSEMBLY

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 RUDDER BOOSTER
ASSEMBLY
 It is a single tandem type hydraulic actuating
cylinder which furnishes most of the force to
actuate the rudder.
 From 0 to 15% flap position reduced pressure
of approximately 1300 PSI is supplied to the
booster assembly.
 From 15% to 100% flap position full pressure of
3000 PSI is supplied to the booster assembly.
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 Booster
Shutoff valve

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 BOOSTER SHUTOFF VALVES
• Two Solenoid shutoff valves
• Valve permits isolation of the boost unit from
either or both hydraulic systems.
• Controlled by switches in the flt deck, right side
of starting control panel. These are spring
loaded open on power loss.
• 28V Ess DC
• Amber warning light illuminates when its
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associated switch is in the off position.
BOOSTER CONTROL SWITCHES

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 Diverter valve
•Solenoid cont.
• De-energized
0-15% Flaps
• Energized
15-100% Flaps
•28V Ess DC

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 Pressure
Reducer Valve
1300 PSI

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 Pressure
Relief Valve
1600 PSI

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 Rudder Boost
Pressure
Transmitter

Indicators on Hyd
panel in front of
copilot

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RUDDER BOOST
PRESSURE
INDICATORS

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RUDDER BOOST UNIT

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RUDDER BOOST UNIT 60
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MECHANICAL SYSTEM
COMPONENTS

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FOLLOW UP MECHANISM

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ELEVATORS

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 PURPOSE

ELEVATOR EXECUTES PITCHING

MOVEMENT, ABOUT THE LATERAL AXIS OF
THE AIRCRAFT.

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 SALIENT FEATURES
 All metal construction.
 Located at trailing edge of each horizontal
stabilizer.

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 SALIENT FEATURES
 All metal construction.
 Located at trailing edge of each horizontal
stabilizer.
 Deflection angle is 40° Up and 15° Down.
 Controlled by fore and aft movement of yoke.
 Attached to the horizontal stabilizer by 05 hinge
points.
 02 counter balance weights are used for
aerodynamic balance. 71
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ELEVATOR BOOSTER
ASSEMBLY

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 ELEVATOR BOOSTER
ASSEMBLY
 It has dual actuating cylinders which furnishes
most of the force to actuate the elevators.
 The actuating cylinders operate simultaneously
by 3000 PSI pressure supplied by the booster
and utility hydraulic systems, each of which
powers one actuating cylinder.

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Booster Shutoff
valve

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 BOOSTER SHUTOFF VALVES
• Two Solenoid shutoff valves
• Valve permits isolation of the boost unit from
either or both hydraulic systems.
• Controlled by switches in the flt deck, right side
of starting control panel. These are spring
loaded open on power loss.
• 28V Ess DC
• Amber warning light illuminates when its
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associated switch is in the off position.
BOOSTER CONTROL SWITCHES

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ELEVATOR BOOST UNIT

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MECHANICAL SYSTEM
COMPONENTS

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FOLLOW UP MECHANISM

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TRIM TAB SYSTEM

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 AILERON TRIM TAB
• Lateral trim is obtained through operation of a
trim tab on the left aileron.
• A gnd adjustable tab is located on the rt. aileron
to compensate for any inherent unbalance.
• Deflection 20° Up or 20° Down
• Power source
28V ESS DC CP LOWER
AILERON TAB CONTROL
115V 1Ǿ ESS AC P SIDE 88
AILERON (TRIM TAB)
CONTROLS

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 RUDDER TRIM TAB

• Minor directional control for yaw conditions is

obtained by operation of the rudder trim tab.
• Deflection 25° Left or 25° Right
• Power source
115V 1Ǿ ESS AC P SIDE
RUDDER (TRIM TAB)

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CONTROLS

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 ELEVATOR TRIM TAB
• Nose-up and nose-down trim is obtained through
operation of the trim tabs on the elevators.
• Deflection
6° Nose Down & 25° Nose Up (Limit switch)
8° Nose Down & 27° Nose Up (Mech stop)
• Power source
28V ESS DC CP LOWER
ELEVATOR TAB CONTROL, EMER TAB CONTROL,
EMER POWER
115V 1Ǿ ESS AC P SIDE
ELEVATOR (TRIM TAB) 92
CONTROLS

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TRIM TAB CONTROL PANEL

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TRIM TAB INDICATORS(CONTD)

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Flight deck controls of
Flight control systems

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CONTROLS

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100
PEDAL ADJUSTMENT KNOB

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LIMITATIONS

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 NOTE

If more than 2.5 degrees of aileron tab

deflection is required to trim unsymmetrical fuel
at speeds , faster than 200 KIAS, reduce VH
(Recommended speed) to 5 KIAS less than
shown in Limit Flight Speed vs Altitude Chart.

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 PAINTED FLIGHT CONTROL
SURFACES
• Do not exceed 250 KIAS when any flight control
surface is painted, unless the following has
been accomplished:
The underside of the ailerons and elevators and
either side of the rudder have been stenciled as
follows:
CAUTION
Subsequent repainting restricted to minor
touch-ups unless per formed at depot level.
CAUTION
Only minor touch-up is authorized. Repaint in
accordance with TO1C-130B-2-2. 104
EMERGENCIES

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 WARNING
Never purposely remove the hydraulic
assistance from the flight control booster
assemblies to simulate complete loss of
boost assistance to the flight controls. To
remove the assistance could result in an
unusual attitude and requirement for high
manual forces to move the flight controls.

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 WARNING
If a control booster assembly is suspected of
having failed in a hardover position, verify that
the cockpit control matches the hardover
maneuver being experienced and then place the
respective control boost switches to the OFF
position. Expect that greatly increased forces
will be required to move the control for which the
hydraulic assistance has been turned off. Turing
the elevator control boost switches OFF will
alleviate the hardover maneuver, leaving the
airplane out of trim in the nose-up direction.
Immediate correction of trim will be required after
the control boost switches are placed to the OFF
position. 107
 NOTE
• Any suspected or known structural failure which
may cause airplane control problem will require a
check of airplane controllability prior to landing.

• lf a hydraulic leak develops in any of the flight

control booster assemblies, it may be isolated by
placing the respective control boost shutoff valve
switch to the OFF position. If the hydraulic leak
continues, the leak is outside the respective
control boost shut-off valve or the valve did not
close. In this case follow LOSS OF SYSTEM
PRESSURE PROCEDURE for the affected
system. 108
 COMPLETE LOSS OF HYDRAULIC
SYSTEM
Skillful handling of the trim tabs and engine
power, plus coordinated efforts of the pilot and
co-pilot on the flight controls.
1. Reduce weight and speed of the a/c as much
as possible.
2. Make a long, flat approach to reduce the
amount of flare necessary and fly the a/c onto
the ground.
3. Use normal trim and engine power to reduce
control forces. 109
 RUDDER FAILURE

• Speed
• Use trim, ailerons and engine power.

AILERON FAILURE
• Speed
• Use rudder, trim and asymmetrical
engine power.
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 ELEVATOR FAILURE.
• Speed 170 kts
• Use engine power and normal trim
coordinated with pilot’s yoke inputs.
• Use inboard engines for pitch control (increase
in power : pitch up and decrease in power : pitch
down)
• Use outboard engines to adjust airspeed.
• 0 to 50% flaps landing. ( 50% recommended)
• Long flattish approach & fly a/c onto the ground.
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 TAB SYSTEM FAILURE

AILERON AND RUDDER TRIM TAB SYSTEM

FAILURE
• Air Speed.
• Hold the aileron / rudder trim tab switch in
the opposite direction.
• Pull the aileron / rudder trim tab CB on the
pilot’s side CB panel.
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 ELEVATOR TRIM TAB SYSTEM
FAILURE
• Elevator tab switch Opposite direction
• Elevator power selector sw OFF
• Elevator power selector sw Emergency
• If in nose up attitude:
 Bank the air plane
 speed
 Extend flaps

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• If in nose down attitude:
 Reduce power
 Reduce speed
• If trouble is encountered using EMER power:
 Elevator power selector sw OFF

NOTE
The elevator tab switches on the control wheels
will not operate the emergency system.
Emergency operation is controlled only by the
pedestal mounted switch. 114
 NOTE

When on autopilot operation and the

elev tab power selector switch is in the
EMER or OFF position. The elevator
servo is disconnected from the autopilot
and the elevator must be controlled
manually.

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 SPECIFICATIONS

DEFLECTIONS

AILERON 25’ UP 15’ DOWN

RUDDER 35’ LEFT 35’ RIGHT

ELEVATOR 40’ UP 15’ DOWN

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 AILERONS
PURPOSE
AILERON EXECUTE ROLLING MOVEMENT TO THE AIRCRAFT.

ALL METAL CONSTRUCTION.

ATTACHMENT
ATTACHED BY 07 HINGE POINTS AND 05 COUNTER BALANCE
WEIGHTS.

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 RUDDER
PURPOSE
IT EXECUTE YAWING MOVEMENT TO THE
AIRCRAFT.

ATTACHMENT

ATTACHED BY 04 HINGE POINTS AND 02

COUNTER BALANCE WEIGHTS

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 ELEVATOR
PURPOSE
ELEVATORS EXECUTE PITCHING MOVEMENT TO THE

AIRCRAFT.

LOCATION
ATTACHMENT BY 10 HINGE POINTS AND 04
COUNTER BALANCE WEIGHT
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 BOOST HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
COMPONENTS

BOOSTER SHUTOFF VALVES

02 SOLENOID SHUTOFF VALVES INSTALLED IN EACH
BOOST UNIT PRESSURE LINE CONTROLLED BY A
SEPARATE SWITCH IN THE FLT DECK RT SIDE OF
STARTING CONTROL PANEL. THESE ARE SPRING
LOADED OPEN ON POWER LOSS.

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 ACTUATORS

02 SINGLE TANDUM TYPE

ACTUATORS FOR RUDDER &
AILERON. DUAL TYPE ACTUATOR IS
PROVIDED FOR ELEVATOR.

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 PRESSURE LINE FILTERS

02 PRESS LINE FILTERS IN EACH

BOOST UNIT . EACH RATED AT 10
MICRONS.

BY PASS FEATURE OF 40 PSID.

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 DIVERTER VALVE &
REDUCER VALVE
02 DIVERTER VALVES & 2 REDUCER VALVES
PROVIDED FOR RUDDER SYSTEM. CONTROL
THROUGH FLAP LEVER.
REDUCE PRESS (0 - 15%) ---1300 PSI
FULL PRESS (15 - 100%) ---- 3000 PSI
PRESS RELIEF VALVE ----1600 PSI
02 REDUCER VALVES PROVIDED FOR(E-
MODEL) AILERONS SET AT 2050 PSI WITH A
RELIEF VALVE AT 2300 PSI
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 REPLENISHING CHECK VALVES

04 CHECK VALVES FOR EACH FLIGHT

CONTROL SYSTEM.

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