A/C FUEL SYSTEM

SEQUENCE

 Introduction

 Refueling

 Tank-to-Engine fuel feeding

 Cross Feed Operation

 Cross Feed Primer system

 Ground Transfer operation

 Fuel dumping
 Introduction

The fuel system is designed to provide flexibility of

operation. This enables the operator to perform refueling,
tank-to-engine feed, crossfeed, ground transfer
defueling, and dumping functions. Operation and
management of the fuel system are controlled from two
panels which have definite design functions: the
overhead fuel control panel at the flight station and the
SPR panel located aft of the right wheel well
 REFUELING OPERATION

All refueling operations are normally

accomplished through the SPR system. When ground
facilities for SPR are not available, the tanks can be
refueled through the filler opening in the top of each
tank. When filling the wing tanks through the individual
tank filler openings, be careful not to damage the
leading edge of the wing. Dents in the leading edge of
the wing can cause hot spots or metal fatigue since the
leading edge is anti-iced with engine bleed air.
FUEL GRAVITY FILLER NECK
SPR PANEL
“B” MODEL FUEL PLUMBING

»
 REFUELING MANIFOLD DRAINING

 After the refuel nozzle has been disconnected

from the refueling adapter, the refuel manifold is

drained.

By placing the MASTER SW to the DRAIN position

the drain pump start running, drain valve opens and

fuel goes to No 3 main fuel tank.

Approximately 23 gallons of fuel goes to No 3 tank.

 A REFUEL PANEL ON LIGHT

 A refuel panel on light is located in the center of the

overhead fuel control panel.

The light is between the fuel pressure indicator and

the fuel quantity totalizer.

This light will be illuminated any time the MASTER SW

on the SPR panel is not in the OFF position, ground

transfer valve switch in open position or ground transfer

valve not in closed position.

 TANK TO ENGINE OPERATION
When each main tank boost pump switch is
turned to the on position, fuel under pressure
will be supplied to the engine. Fuel passes
through a one-way flapper-type check valve in
the supply line from the pump. From the check
valve, fuel passes through the normally open
engine firewall shutoff valve. From the firewall
shutoff valve, fuel passes through a combination
engine fuel heater and strainer. A low pressure
switch is connected to the fuel heaters and
strainer assembly. The pressure switch is
connected to a light on the overhead fuel control
panel.
When the supply pressure to the engine is less than 8.5
psi. This completes the ground for the warning light
circuit, which illuminates the warning light.
A thermal relief valve, connected to the fuel line at the
pressure switch, relieves excess line pressure
overboard. The valve is set to relieve at a maximum
pressure of 50 psi. This is a safety feature to prevent
rupture of the pressure switch diaphragm due to high
line pressures caused by thermal expansion or feed line
surge pressures.
 CROSSFEED OPERATION

•Provisions are made through a crossfeed system to

supply fuel to any engine from any tank.
•Fuel is supplied from the tanks to the crossfeed
manifold.
•The auxiliary tanks and the external tanks will supply
fuel direct to the crossfeed manifold
•Then the engines receive fuel from the manifold. Fuel
supply from the auxiliary and external tanks can be
supplied to the engine only through the crossfeed
manifold.
•During long range crossfeed operation, the
auxiliary tanks empty first. Since their output
pressure is greater than the output pressure
from the pumps in the main tanks, they feed the
engines first. Main tank pressure is blocked at
the supply line check valves. This condition
exists until the auxiliary tanks are empty or until
the pressure from the auxiliary tanks drops
below the output pressure of the main tanks
•This same condition exists when supplying fuel
from the external tanks during a short range
crossfeed operation. The supply from the
external and auxiliary tanks is to the crossfeed
manifold on each side of the crossfeed
separation valve. Since the valve is normally
closed, one tank supplies fuel to the engines on
one wing and the other tank supplies fuel to the
engines on the other wing.
“E” MODEL FUEL PLUMBING
FUEL SYSTEM E MODEL
 CROSSFEED PRIMING
•This function is to remove air that may have become
trapped in the crossfeed manifold due to maintenance
activity or thermal expansion. Priming is accomplished by
allowing fuel to flow through the entire length of the
manifold. This is done by putting the No. 4 main tank boost
pump switch to the on position. This pressurizes the feed
line from the pump to the engine. Place the No. 4 crossfeed
valve switch to open position. Fuel then pressurizes the
crossfeed manifold to the crossfeed separation valve.
Then, depress the crossfeed primer switch. By pressing
the crossfeed primer switch, cross feed separation valve
opens, primer valve opens and fuel goes to No 2 tank. The
button should be pressed for 30 seconds
 GROUND TRANSFER
Tank-to-tank transfer can be accomplished
when the aircraft is on the ground. This
discussion applies to the transfer functions that
are controlled by the operation of the switches
on the SPR panel, and the overhead control fuel
panel. Fuel can be transferred from one tank to
another provided the weight differential between
corresponding tanks and wing loading is
observed. The transfer operation is controlled by
selecting the proper switch position on both the
SPR panel and the overhead control fuel panel.
 DUMPING OPERATION
A dump system has been provided for each tank.
It is used to reduce the weight of the aircraft below
design landing weight. Fuel may be dumped from any
individual tank or combination of tanks. The individual
tank dump switches and the dump manifold dump
switches are located at the upper edge of the overhead
fuel control panel. The dump manifold is used during
the dumping operation. Fuel flow overboard is through
the dump masts located in each wing tip. Fuel in the left
external and left wing tanks is dumped through the left
wing tip and fuel from the right external and right wing
tanks is dumped through the right wing tip.
 Each individual dump switch controls the
dump operation for the tank that has been
selected. The dump manifold dump switch is
positioned to dump. The dump valve opens,
allowing flow from the outboard dry bay to the
wing tip. The system is designed to leave a
reserve fuel supply in each main tank. No fuel is
left in the external and auxiliary tanks. The
reserve of fuel in the main tanks is controlled by
the physical location of the dump pump in each
tank. When the reserve is reached, the dump
pump will be above the tank fuel level.