ENGLISH 9

WARM
UP!
 ARRANGE THE JUMBLED LETTERS

niotaretilla thmrhy gninnek

alliteration Rhythm Kenning

aruseac ingpouncom tionvaria

Caesura Compoundin Variation

g
Key Features and Genres
of Anglo-American
Literature
 Ancient Times (before 5th century AD) -
England
Key Features Genres

● Stories are passed down ●Epics

from one generation to
another through oral ●Religious poems
tradition.

● Poems written are laden

with biblical and religious
themes.
epic (noun) - a long narrative poem that
recounts the adventures and the triumph of
a hero
An epic typically features a mythical hero
who is larger than life.
 Middle Ages/Medieval Times (5th–15th century)

Key Features Genres

● Works were written in ●Heroic tales and
what was called as romances that tackle
“Modern English” and chivalry and
not in Latin anymore. adventures of knights

● Vernacular literature, ●Anthology of tales

religious writings, and
 The Renaissance Period (1300s–1500s)
Key Features Genres

● Texts show more optimism ● Lyric poetry

despite staying true to the ● Prose or essays written by Francis
medieval tradition. Bacon, Benjamin Franklin, and
● Texts became Cotton Mather
sophisticated, serious, and ● Tragedies and comedies of William
concerned with social Shakespeare and Christopher
abuse and rivalry among Marlowe
groups.
● Texts are centered on
religious, practical, or
historical themes.
● Theaters were closed due
lyric poetry (noun) - poetry, like sonnets, that
expresses personal sentiments
William Shakespeare wrote lyric poetry that
has touched hearts for centuries.
 The Age of Enlightenment/Reason/
The Restoration (1685–1815)
Key Features Genres

● Literary works are known ● Comedy of manners

for their use of ● Epic
philosophy, reason, ● Play
skepticism towards ● Essay
institutions/authorities, ● Satire
wit, and refinement. ● Novel
● Writers wrote with clarity
and balance of
judgement.
comedy of manners - a comedy that satirizes a
specific group in society, usually the upper class

satire - a text that uses humor to attack a social

issue
 The Romantic to Realistic Period (around
1770–1850)
Key Features Genres

● Focused on the true, the ● Gothic fiction

good, and the beautiful, as ● Lyric poems
well as the expansion of
imagination.
● Portrayed societal problems
accurately.
gothic fiction - features grotesque,
gloomy, and mysterious settings,
characters, and situations
.
 The Romantic to Realistic Period (around
1770–1850)
Key Features Genres

● Produced one of the most ● Political documents

important documents of ● Novels
American history ● Satirical novels
● American writers produced
original and high-quality
pieces that make them
unique from English writers.
The Modern to Contemporary Period (1900–
Present)
Key Features Genres

● Juxtaposing ● Poems
genres and styles ● Harlem
characterize Renaissance
postmodern poems
literature ● Drama
ELEMENTS OF
ANGLO-SAXON
LITERATURE
Vocabulary Words

Describe the topic of the section here

1 heroic poetry (noun) - poems
that recount the achievements
3 rhythm (noun) - a regular pattern
of sound or beats

of warriors Rhythm adds music to the delivery of

Homers Iliad and The Odyssey and a poem.
Virgils The Aenid

elegiac poetry (noun) - poems that

2 4
lament the death of a loved one
with a melancholic, mournful tone
Alfred, Lord Tennyson's “In Memoriam”;
and Walt Whitman's “When Lilacs Last in
the Dooryard Bloom'd.”
alliteration (noun) - repetition of
stressed sounds in neighboring
words
With swift, slow; sweet, sour; adazzle,
dim” from Gerard Manley Hopkins's
“Pied Beauty.”
5 caesura (noun) - a Latin word
meaning cutting, a sound break 7 kenning (noun) - a two-word
metaphorical name
in the middle of a poetic line
(whale-road), a kenning for “sea,”
'Sing a song of sixpence, // a
and hildenædre (battle-snake), a
pocket full of rye.
kenning for “arrow.”

compounding (noun) combining two variation (noun) - a technique

6
words to create a new word
8 used to restate a concept or term
using a different set of words.
sun” and “flower” are two different Variation helps to emphasize
words, but when fused together, something repeatedly without
they form another word, Sunflower. sounding repetitive.
Let’s Learn
about it!
The Early Anglo-Saxon Life

● The Anglo-Saxons arrived in Britain and lived in

small villages led by warrior chiefs.
● They mostly lived in houses made out of wood
with thatched roofs inside the walls of Roman
towns.
● Settlements were small, consisting of about
two to three families.
● Anglo-Saxon settlers were led by a war-
chief.
● Villages were grouped into kingdoms ruled
by a king leading a small army.
● Wars frequently erupted among these
kingdoms.
● By AD 600, five Anglo-Saxon kingdoms emerged.
These were Northumbria, Mercia, Wessex, Kent
and East Anglia.
● The strongest king was known as the bretwalda,
which meant ruler of all Britain.
● By this time, kingdoms had already established
laws. People who were found to be guilty of crimes
were fined, or worse, executed.
 Literature during the Ancient Anglo-
Saxon Period
● From about 449 AD to 1066 AD, most people
could not read, and so most stories were told
orally.
● Some oral stories reached different kingdoms
because of travelling storytellers called scops.
● Reciting poems were also common during this
time.
Literature during the Ancient Anglo-Saxon
Period
During this time, poetry, also referred to as early
verse, consisted of the following categories:
1. Heroic poetry-recounted the achievements of
warriors.
2. Lyric poetryexpressed the thoughts and feelings of the
speaker.
3. Elegiac poetry-lamented the death of loved ones.
 Elements Common to Early
Anglo-Saxon Literature
Rhythm
-contains lines with regular
rhythms, usually four strong beats
(or stresses).
Example
The Seafarer (excerpt) from The Exeter:
This tale is true, and mine. It tells.
How the sea took me, swept me back.
And forth in sorrow and fear and pain,
Showed me suffering in a hundred ships.
 Alliteration
- the repetition of stressed
sounds in words. They are Example
usually consonants from
This tale is true, and mine. It tells.
the beginning of words.
How the sea took me, swept me back.
And forth in sorrow and fear and pain,
Showed me suffering in a hundred ships.
 Caesura
-a sound break in the middle
of a poetic line, and is usually
symbolized by a punctuation
mark in the middle of that
particular line
(We have heard of these princes' heroic
Example
The opening line of Beowulf, reads:
Hwæt! We Gardena || in gear-dagum,
þeodcyninga, || þrym gefrunon,
hu ða æþelingas || ellen fremedon.
(So! The Spear-Danes in days gone by)
(and the kings who ruled them had
courage and greatness.)
campaigns.)
Compounding
Example
-combining two words to
create a new word
- Compounding was very The word feorhseoc consists of two
common in Anglo-Saxon words, foerh which means life, and seoc
poetry. which means sick. Feorhseoc literally
means lifesick, translated as wounded.
 Kenning
Example
- a two-word O whale’s road means the sea.
metaphorical name O bone’s house refers to a
body.
The sky’s candle refers to the
sun.
 Variation

- a technique used to restate a concept

or term using a different set of words
he would all allot that the Lord had sent him,
save only the land and the lives of his men.
Wide, I heard, was the work commanded,
for many a tribe this mid-earth round,
to fashion the folkstead. It fell, as he ordered,
in rapid achievement that ready it stood there,
of halls the noblest: Heorot he named it
whose message had might in many a land
V.ASSIGNMENT

Read in Advance Unit 2: Informative,

Journalistic and Literary Writing
 Thanks!
Do you have any questions?
maryannramos0128@gmail.com
Fb:Mary Ann Ramos

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