Manajemen Kualitas: Week 3

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Week 1 Week 2
Tools of Quality
 Basis for improvement (actual
implementation)

90% of successful quality implementations

Why is it relevant? involve the basic tools of quality

commonly practiced
in most companies
Keep in mind tho...
System!

System! System!

System!
Tools of Quality
The phrase itself actually refers to some concepts..

1. Ishikawa’s basic seven (B7) tools of quality

2. the new seven (N7) tools
3. Other tools in general
 B7
Ishikawa’s basic seven tools of quality
 Data Problem
Big Data Prioritization
analysis identification
picture collection
Big
picture

graphical representation of steps involved in a process

v
How it would look like The shapes
Contoh Santai
 Contoh Serius

Apakah proses ini dapat

diperbaiki?

i.e. Dinas Tata Ruang (Staff

Case: Home Occupation Permit – Izin
Khusus Perizinan) –
melakukan praktik usaha terbatas di
Diproses/di-log
residensi pribadi

i.e. Kepala Dinas –

menetapkan analis

banding

cabut
Contoh Serius + Optimalisasi
Process Maps
Process Maps
 Data Problem
Big Data Prioritization
analysis identification
picture collection
Data
collection

It’s literally sheets to

check ✓
 Contoh Santai (+ How To Set Up a Check Sheet)

Senin Selasa Rabu Kamis Jumat

1. Buat tabel dengan periode waktu (mendatar)

 Senin Selasa Rabu Kamis Jumat
Lupa Absen Neo
Lupa Mute
Ditunjuk tapi
nggak nyimak
Lupa Ngumpulin
Tugas
Lupa Kalau Ada
Kelas Kuliah
Kehilangan motivasi karena
mental health issues

2. Identifikasi hal-hal (defects/errors) yang mungkin

muncul (case: nilai kuliah jelek)
 Senin Selasa Rabu Kamis Jumat
Lupa Absen Neo 1 1 1 1 0
Lupa Mute 3 2 0 1 0
Ditunjuk tapi
6 8 6 5 8
nggak nyimak
Lupa Ngumpulin
1 0 1 1 0
Tugas
Lupa Kalau Ada
0 0 0 1 0
Kelas Kuliah
Kehilangan motivasi karena
mental health issues 1 0 0 0 1

3. Tally-em-up (tinggal tandai)

 Senin Selasa Rabu Kamis Jumat Freq %

Ditunjuk tapi
6 8 6 5 8 33 67%
nggak nyimak

Lupa Mute 3 2 0 1 0 6 12%

Lupa Absen Neo 1 1 1 1 0 4 8%

Lupa Ngumpulin
1 0 1 1 0 3 6%
Tugas

Kehilangan
motivasi karena
1 0 0 0 1 2 4%
mental health
issues
Lupa Kalau Ada
0 0 0 1 0 1 2%
Kelas Kuliah
Contoh Serius
 Data Problem
Big Data Prioritization
analysis identification
picture collection
Data
analysis
Ngakak abiezt
Mari bantu kompas tv

Tanggal Tingkat Keterisian

29 Januari 54%

30 Januari 57%

31 Januari 57%

1Februari 60%
Is this histograms?
Contoh Santai

Histogram HP Hero ML
 Contoh Serius

Data

Nilai/pesanan $
Manual

Jumlah data
The shapes of histogram
 Data Problem
Big Data Prioritization
analysis identification
picture collection
Data
analysis

it’s about relationship

 Which one’s the scatter plot?

Pikiran Saya
5
4.5
4
3.5
3
Push Rank

2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5

Tri Dharma
 Combo Contoh Santai + Serius

Pikiran Saya
5
4.5
4
3.5
3
Push Rank

2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5

Tri Dharma

Both are scatter plots because:

1. There are x and y variables
2. Datum reflects same observation
3. It is plotted
 Combo Contoh Santai + Serius

Both are scatter plots because:

1. There are x and y variables
2. Datum reflects same observation
3. It is plotted
Caranya...
 1. Prep the data/observe/gather

x y x y
2. Plot

Scatter plot itu

mudah bukan
Combo Serius (Cont’d)
Combo Serius (Cont’d)

2. It is powerful (predict/confirm a relationship)

Case: makin sering lembur, makin sering bolos
 Combo Serius (Cont’d)

2. implication is clear and valid

 Data Problem
Big Data Prioritization
analysis identification
picture collection
Data
analysis
 Variables weight, height, or volume
(tinggal diukur)

Control Charts
either-or situation (nyala,
Attribute tergores -> iya/tidak)
p, np, c, and u
 Contoh serius (tool ini tidak santai)

Case: Anda produsen hand sanitizer 70% (100ml)

 Contoh serius

Case: Anda produsen hand sanitizer 70% (100ml) Variable

1. Ingin tahu nonrandom variation dari variasi kadar alkohol x / R chart
Control
Chart
 Contoh serius

Case: Anda produsen hand sanitizer 70% (100ml) Variable

1. Ingin tahu nonrandom variation dari variasi kadar alkohol x / R chart
Control
2. Melakukan sampling Chart
 Contoh serius

Case: Anda produsen hand sanitizer 70% (100ml) Variable

1. Ingin tahu nonrandom variation dari variasi kadar alkohol x / R chart
Control
2. Melakukan sampling Chart
3. Dapat data

Day 1 2 3 4 5
Sample
1 70.5 70.1 71 68.9 69.5
2 72 71.2 67.2 68.2 69.6
3 70.2 70.1 67.1 69.2 73.2
 Contoh serius

Case: Anda produsen hand sanitizer 70% (100ml) Variable

1. Ingin tahu nonrandom variation dari variasi kadar alkohol x / R chart
Control
2. Melakukan sampling Chart
3. Dapat data
4. Hitung UCL dan LCL (Diketahui std deviation = 0.5)

https://www.sqconline.com/control-chart-calculator-variables-continuous-data-0
 Contoh serius

Case: Anda produsen hand sanitizer 70% (100ml) Variable

1. Ingin tahu nonrandom variation dari variasi kadar alkohol x / R chart
Control
2. Melakukan sampling Chart
3. Dapat data
4. Hitung UCL dan LCL (Diketahui std deviation = 0.5)
5. plot!
 Data Problem
Big Data Prioritization
analysis identification
picture collection
 Problem
identification

1. Cause-and-effect
2. Fishbone
3 3. Ishikawa diagram

Focus on the cause, not the

symptoms

5 whys principle
Contoh Santai +
How To
 Contoh Santai

1. State problem clearly

 Contoh Santai

2. Menggambar + Menentukan Kategori

 Contoh Santai

3. Ask the whys

 Contoh Santai

5. Set goal to adress the

4. Identify Core Causes
core causes
Contoh Serius
 Data Problem
Big Data Prioritization
analysis identification
picture collection
 Prioritization

The 80:20

vital few causes that create most of the problems.

Backgrounds
80% of land is owned
by 20% of the
population
One of the 7
tools of
quality

By fixing the top 20% of the most-

reported bugs, 80% of the related
errors and crashes in a given system
would be eliminated - Microsoft
How?
How?
 How?

1. Gather categorical data

2. Draw frequency
3. Sort
 Sorted
Senin Selasa Rabu Kamis Jumat Freq % % Kum

Ditunjuk tapi 67%

6 8 6 5 8 33 67%
nggak nyimak
2/6 = 33%
Lupa Mute 3 2 0 1 0 6 12% 79%

Sorted
Lupa Absen Neo 1 1 1 1 0 4 8% 87%

Lupa Ngumpulin 93%

1 0 1 1 0 3 6%
Tugas

Kehilangan
motivasi karena 97%
1 0 0 0 1 2 4%
mental health
issues
Lupa Kalau Ada
0 0 0 1 0 1 2% 100.0%
Kelas Kuliah
Contoh serius

Focus on the vital few

Ketika 1 masalah
diselesaikan, pengehamatan
yang didapatkan berkurang
- Yok coba
Terima kasih!