Design of Beams by Agegnew and Mohammed

 Beams are structural elements subjected to transverse loads in the plane of bending
causing BMs and SFs.

 In reinforced concrete beams, the exact distribution of shear stresses over Beams
subjected to BM develop compressive and tensile forces and the flange subjected to

compressive forces has the tendency to deflect laterally.

 the depth of cross section is not known.

 The lateral bending of beams depends on the effective span between the restraints,
minimum moment of inertia (IYY) and its presence reduces the plastic moment
capacity of the section
 Beams subjected to BM to develop compressive and tensile forces and the
flange subjected to compressive forces has the tendency to deflect laterally. This
out of plane bending is called lateral bending or buckling of beams.
 Lateral buckling of beams involves three kinds of deformations namely lateral
bending, twisting and warping. The lateral bending of beams depends on the
effective span between the restraints, minimum moment of inertia (IYY) and can
reduce the plastic moment capacity of the section. The loads carried by a beam
are transferred to columns, walls, or girders, which then transfer the force to
adjacent structural compression members.
Reinforcement calculation
Material used C-25 Steel S-400
Steps 1 use design constants and
Then check whether the beam is rectangular or
T- beam section
EBCS – 2, 1995 presets a rule for estimating
effective flange width

Step 2 Design for flexural

Assume reinforcement used =20mm for main reinforcement

= 8mm for stirrups
 Check the adequacy of the section proposed
 Deflection requirement
 Check for the structural depth for Msd = 18.83Kn-m
 Longitudinal reinforcement required for the section (top reinforcement)
Step3 Bottom reinforcement for positive moments
Beam M1-2, 2-3, 3-4,4-5 , 5-6. Since the applied moment on the mid span is
approach
To determine the neutral axis depth
1st we get the design critical shear stress (V d) at a distance, d from the face
of the column.
2nd calculate the limiting value of ultimate shear stress,
If Vc>Vd and Vd<Vrd, use nominal web reinforcement with spacing S,

4th If Vc<Vd and Vd<Vrd, use shear reinforcement,

Then calculate the shear to be resisted by the reinforcement (Vs)

The total shear resistance (VT), shear resisted by the concrete (Vc) and the shear
reinforcement (Vs)
If VT > Vd (OK!)

If VT < Vd, for the part of the rib with V > VT, calculate
spacing (S)
Diagonal Compression Resistance Of Concrete
SHEAR REINFORCEMENT
Design of shear reinforcement for positive moment at mid span