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‫صدق اهلل العظيم‬

‫‪1‬‬
 EFFECT OF RELATIVE
STIFFNESS OF PLATE ON
BEHAVIOR OF IRREGULAR
PLATES RESTING ON
ELASTIC MEDIUM

2
 p la te s truc tu re

Is o tro p ic p la te A n is o tro p ic p la te

A n is otro p ic p la te O rtho trop ic p la te

Classification of plate structures

according to relative stiffness
in x & y direction
3
 Plate structure

4
5
 Classification of plate structure
according to its shape

6
 th e orie s o f pla tes

k irc h ho ff th e o ry R e is s n er -M in d lin th e o ry

Shear deformation Includes shear

is ignored deformation

7
 M o d e ls o f s o il
s tru ctu re in te ra c tio n

W in k le r E la s tic c o n tin u um

8
Differential equations of the isotropic skew plate

2 Mx 2 My  2 M xy
2
  2   q sin θ
x  y2 xy

Where

the load applied over the upper surface or the plate q .

9
 Differential equations of the isotropic skew plate
on elastic support

2 Mx 2 My  2 M xy
2
  2   (q  C.w) sin θ
x  y2 xy

Where

the modulus of elastic support C

deflection w

10
 M e tho d s o f a na lys is

A n a lytic al S im p lified C lo s e d fo rm s o lu tio n N u m e ric a l

R ig id F le x ib le F in ite F in ite F in ite

G rid D iffere n ce E le m e n t

11
 Finite element procedure
Discrete and Select Element Types
of Element:Types

There are many types of the used element

types can be follow as: : These
A – Line element for the one- dimensional structures
B – Triangles and quadrilateral elements: for the two- dimensional structures
C – Tetrahedron or a hexahedron: for the three- dimensional structures

12
 D is p lac e m e n t F u nc tio ns

A s im ple p o lyn o m ial S ha p e fun ction

dxy  S . de

where
.x,y displacement vector of any point within the element}d{
.shape function ]S[
.e displace vector of nodal points}d{

13
 Strain / Displacement relationship

εx, y  B . de

where

.x,y strains vector of any point within the element}ε{

can easily be obtained in terms of matrix [S] by applying ]B[
.the well - known strain - displacement relations

14
 Strain relationshipStress /

σ  D . ε

Where

.Stresses vector of any point within the element }σ{

.Elastic matrix containing the appropriate material properties ]D[

15
 Stiffness matrix for the isotropic skew plate

 2 2

3 4
 1 cos θ  μ sin θ - cos θ 
E t cosec θ  2 2 
[D]  cos θ  μ sin θ 1 - cos θ
12(1  μ 2 )  2 2

 1  cos θ  μ sin θ 
- cos θ - cos θ
 2 

16
Where

D the generalized elasticity matrix for the isotropic skew plate

t the thickness of the plate

θ skew angle of the plate

μ Poisson’s ratio

E modulus of elasticity

17
 Element Stiffness Matrix
By Energy Methods

Principle of minimum potential energy

V 1
U  σ ε d vol
0 2

U Internal strain energy

18
 δ
 i   dWext  i   P dδ
0

V 1

T
[K]  [B] [D] [B] d vol
0 2

19
 Overall Stiffness Matrix

K  . d  {F}

K is the element stiffness matrix

is the vector of unknown element nodal degrees of }d{

.freedom or generalized displacements
is the vector of element nodal forces }F{

20
21
 Stiffness matrix of plate on elastic media
First approach (uniform spring):

b a
1
Uc 
2 
0 0
(C w) w dx dy

Where
UC internal strain energy
C modulus of elastic spring
W spring deformation
b a
K c  C   S S dx dy
T

0 0
22
Second approach (nodal spring):
C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 
0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 
K c  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0
 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 0
 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


[K] T = [K] S + [K] C

23
 Cases study

24
:First case study

25
 point (1)

0.04
0.02 90
0 75
-0.02 60
Def

-0.04
.(

45
m
)

-0.06 30
-0.08
0.005 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.009 0.01
Relative stiffness (k)
Relation between relative stiffness and def. for
various skew angles

26
 point (1)

1
90
0.5
75
0 60
Mx

45
.m

-0.5
)
(t

30
-1
0.005 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.009 0.01
Relative stiffness (k)
Relation between relative stiffness and Mx for
various skew angles

27
 point (1)

0.8
0.6 90
75
0.4
60
0.2
My

45
.m
)
(t

0 30
-0.2
0.005 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.009 0.01
Rrelative stiffness (k)
Relation between relative stiffness and My for
various skew angles

28
 point (1)

0.2
90
0
75
-0.2 60
Mxy

45
.m

-0.4
)
(t

30
-0.6
0.005 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.009 0.01
Relative stiffness (k)
Relation between relative stiffness and Mxy for
various skew angles

29
 0.02
0.01
0
P(1)
-0.01
P(2)
-0.02
Def
.(

P(3)
m
)

-0.03
-0.04
-0.05
30 45 60 75 90
Skew angles
Relation between skew angles and def. for
various points

30
 4
3
2
1 P(1)
0
P(2)
-1
Mx

P(3)
.m

-2
)
(t

-3
-4
-5
30 45 60 75 90
Skew angles
Relation between skew angles and Mx for
various points

31
 2
1
0
-1 P(1)
-2 P(2)
My

-3 P(3)
.m
)
(t

-4
-5
-6
30 45 60 75 90
Skew angles
Relation between skew angles and My for
various points

32
 2

0 P(1)
P(2)
Mxy

-1 P(3)
.m
)
(t

-2

-3
30 45 60 75 90
Skew angles
Relation between skew angles and Mxy for
various points

33
:Second case study

34
35
36
 0

-0.01

-0.02 k=0.001
k=0.0005
-0.03
k=0.000325
Def
.(
m

k=0.00025
)

-0.04

-0.05

-0.06
sec. (D-D)
Vertical deflection of the irregular
plate through sec. D-D
for different relative stiffness.

37
 40
30
20
10 k=0.001
k=0.0005
0
k=0.000325
Mx

-10
.m

k=0.00025
(t
)

-20
-30
-40
sec. (D-D)
Bending moment Mx of the irregular
plate through sec. D-D
for different relative stiffness.

38
 60

40

20 k=0.001
k=0.0005
0
k=0.000325
My

.m

-20 k=0.00025
(t
)

-40
-60
sec. (D-D)
Bending moment My of the irregular
plate through sec. D-D
for different relative stiffness.

39
 10

5
k=0.001
0
k=0.0005
k=0.000325
Mxy

-5
.m

k=0.00025
(t
)

-10

-15
sec. (D-D)
Torsional moment Mxy of the
irregular plate through sec. D-D
for different relative stiffness.

40
 Modified
Pcfeap

Ref. (39)

solve the akew

anisotropic plate

Author

Solve the skew isotropic

plate on elastic medium

41 Nodal Uniform
spring spring
 Conclusions

42
Effect of relative stiffness

The absolute value of the deflection increases -1

when the relative stiffness of raft to soil increases

The relative stiffness has small influence on the bending moments -2

Mx and My and the torsional moment Mxy of the irregular plate
.resting on elastic medium

43
 :Effect of skew angle
1- The absolute value of the deflection of the points close to obtuse
angle corners increased downward when skew angle increased, also
the bending moments Mx and My of these points increased when
the skew angle increases.

2- The absolute value of the deflection of the points close to acute

angle corners decreased upward when skew angle increased, also
the torsional moment Mxy of these points decreased when the skew
angle increases.

3- The bending moments Mx and My of the points close to acute angle

corners increase when the skew angle increases.

44
 General

1- The relative stiffness has a considerable influence

on the deflection of the plate.

2- The skew angle has a considerable influence on

the straining actions of the raft.

45
46