FACTORS

AFFECTING BIOLOGICAL
AND
PHYSICAL
DEVELOPMENT
 HEREDITY
● Also called inheritance or biological
inheritance is the passing on of traits
from parents to their offspring.
GENES
● A gene is the basic physical and
functional unit of heredity
Can be classified into
1. Recessive (Weak Genes)
2. Dominant (Strong Genes)
 ENVIRONMENT
● The environment plays a critical role
in the development of children and it
represents the sum total of physical
and psychological stimulation the
child receives.
 GENDER
● The sex and other physical traits and
determined by the combination of (1)
Chromosome and (2) Genes, during
fertilization (the union of the two
cells, egg, and sperm.)
CHROMOSOME
● Is made up of proteins and DNA
organized into genes.
● Each cell normally contains 23 pairs
of chromosomes.
 Two (2) types:

➢ Autosomes or traits
chromosome (22 pairs)
➢ Gonosome or sex
chromosome (the X and Y)
 EXERCISE
AND

HEALTH
● Proper exercise helps children grow
well and reach milestones on time or
sooner. Exercise also keeps them
healthy and fights off diseases by
strengthening the immune system.
 HORMONES
● Their timely functioning is critical
for normal physical growth and
development in children.
They work slowly, over time,
and affect many different
processes, including growth
 NUTRITIONS
● Malnutrition can cause
deficiency diseases that adversely
affect the growth
and development of children.
 FAMILIAL
INFLUENCE
● Families have the most profound
impact in nurturing a child and
determining the ways in which
they develop psychologically
and socially
 GEOGRAPHICAL
INFLUENCES
● Where you live also has a great
influence on how even the
weather of a place influences
children in the form of bodily
rhythms, allergies, and other
health conditions, your children
turn out to be.
 SOCIO-ECONOMIC
STATUS
● The socio-economic status
of a family determines the
quality of the opportunity
a child gets.
 LEARNING
AND
REINFORCEMENT
● Learning involves much more than
schooling. It is also concerned with
building the child Up mentally,
intellectually, emotionally, and
socially.