FAIRNESS, ACCOUNTABILITY,

TRANSPARENCY AND
STEWARDSHIP IN BUSINESS AND
NON- PROFIY ORGANIZATION
 NOTIONS OF ACCOUNTABILITY,
FAIRNESS AND TRANSPARENCY
-Business leadership affects the moral capability and
performance of organizations. Business leaders influence the
scope and character of formal ethics and programs and the
integration of ethics into everyday organizational life.
However, most practicing business leaders in most countries
most of the time are not held accountable for dysfunction
moral, social and environmental performance.
THE FOUR KEY
DIMENSIONS OF
INTEGRITY CAPACITY

PROCESS
JUDGEMENT
DEVELOPMENT
SYSTEM
 ACCOUNTABILITY

WHY IS ACCOUNTABILITY IMPORTANT?

Accountability structure is the most important

aspect of prevention and detection of corruption. A
civil society organization without proper
accountability system is fragile and open to
rumors and mismanagement and abuse of power.
ACCOUNTABILITY: WHAT IT IS:
❖ To be accountable is to explain or justify one’s
action and decisions.
❖ Accountability is the process of explanation and
justification.
❖ Holding to account is the process of requiring
explanation, testing, forming judgments, and taking
action.
❖ Accountability implies responsibility it is
reasonable to hold individuals accountable for their
responsibilities.
 Accountability Structures

Accountability is the ability to account for

your actions and performance to your
stakeholders. Accountability includes the
fact that persons (your stakeholders) are
willing and able to hold you accountable.
 FAIRNESS
❖ Fairness - in the context of a business of organization involves
balance of the interests involved in all decision-making including any
decisions related to hiring, firing (including the investigatory
process), and the compensation and rewards.
❖ Overall, fairness has to do with justice, which is to give to
another that which is due him/her. Justice: (1) looks at the balance of
benefits and burdens distributed among members of a group, and/or
(2) can result from the application of rules, policies, or laws that
apply to a society or a group. In general, the just results of actions
override utilitarian results.
 TRANSPARENCY
• is the extent to which investors have ready access to
required financial information about company, such as
price levels, market depth and audited financial reports.
• helps reduce price vitality, because all the market
participants can base decisions of value in the same data.
• is an issue that often emerged in the documents by Pope
Benedict XVI. Caritas in Veritate (CV) referred to
transparency seven times.
• intrinsic or ethical salience: individual level
• instrumental salience: organizational and social levels.
 THE RELATIONSHIP OF FAIRNESS,
ACCOUNTABILITY,TRANSPARENCY,
STEWARDSHIP, WITH ETHICAL BUSINESS
Scholars have recently considered ethical leadership
from a new angle by examining servant leadership.
Servant leaders go beyond their own self interest and
focus on opportunities to help followers grow and
develop. They do not use power to achieve ends; they
emphasize persuasion. Characteristics behaviors include
listening, emphatizing , persuading, accepting
stewardship, and actively developing followers potencial.
 Stewardship is when a person is
responsible for taking
care of something on behalf of another.