ME

INS A S U
TRU R ING
MEN
T
L E A R N I N G
O B J E C T I V E S
At the end of this lesson the students should be able to;

1. Identify the different types of measuring

instrument,
2. Know the different uses of measuring
instrument, and
3. Appreciate the use of measuring instrument in
our lives.
 W H AT A R E M E A S U R I N G I N S T R U M E N T S ?

It is a device that is used for the

measurement of s p e c i fi c physical
quantities. Measuring instrument are
used frequently in our day-to-day life for
the measurement of various quantities
like length, weight, temperature,
pressure, current, voltage etc.
 Ty p e s o f I n s t r u m e n t s
FUNCTIONS OF THE
These measuring instruments MEASURING
are c l a s s i fi e d into two main INSTRUMENTS
types based on their
• I n d i c a ti n g t he v a l ue o f
construction, working and
th e p h y sic a l q ua n ti t y
method of showing output −
• M ea s uri ng in st rum ent s
• Analog Instruments
u s ed a s t he c o nt rol l ers
• Digital Instruments • Rec ord i n g t he d a t a
• Tra n s mi t t ing t he d a t a
• D o c a l c ul a t i on s
 An analog instrument is one that shows the
results of measurement either in the form of a
wave or by the deflection of a pointer on an
ANALOG analog scale. Analog instruments work on the
INSTRUMENT principle of electromagnetic induction, where
they consist of a magnet (permanent or
electromagnet) and a coil through which the
current flows.
 ANALOG
INSTRUMENT
The analog instrument is classified by the
type of current that can be measured. The
following are the types of electrical
instruments.
• Direct Current Analog Instruments
• Alternating Current Analog instrument
• Both Direct and Alternating current
Instruments
The analog instruments can also be
classified by showing the output of the
measured quantity. The different type
of analogue instruments are shown
below
• Indicating
• Recording
• Integrating Instruments
 ANALOG
INSTRUMENT
C L A S S I F I C AT I O N S O F T H E I N S T R U M E N T B Y T H E M E T H O D S .

1. Direct measuring Instruments – The instruments directly convert the measurand into
energy which activates the instruments and the value of the unknown quantities measured
through it. Ammeter, Voltmeter, Wattmeter, and energy meter are examples of direct
measuring instruments.

2. Comparison Instruments – The comparison instruments measure the unknown quantity

by comparing it with the standard value. An example of the comparison instruments is the
ac and dc bridges.
 TYPES OF ANALOG INSTRUMENT
AMMETER V O LT M E T E R
Measures the vital instrument
electric current used to measure
in a circuit voltage
M U LT I M E T E R
OHMMETER

a measuring
instrument that can Measures electrical
measure multiple resistance
electrical properties.
 A digital instrument is the type of measuring
instrument which represents the output in the
form of digits on a screen (LCD or LED). The
D I G I TA L construction of digital instrument is little
INSTRUMENT complex than analog instrument, as it uses
electronics and converter circuit for analog to
digital conversion and vice-versa.
 D I G I TA L
INSTRUMENT
I M P O RTA N T PA RT S O F T H E D I G I TA L I N S T R U M E N T.

• Transducer – The transducer is used for converting non-electrical or physical

quantities (temperature, displacement, etc.) into electrical quantities like the
voltage, current, etc. which are easily measured by the meter. The transducer is
not required for the electrical input.
• Signal Modifier – It is used for modifying the input signal of very weak
strength.
• Display Device – The display device is used for showing the measurement
quantities in numeric form. Mostly, LED or LCD is used as a digital display.
 TYPES OF DIGITAL INSTRUMENT
AMMETER V O LT M E T E R
Measures the vital instrument
electric current used to measure
in a circuit voltage
M U LT I M E T E R
OHMMETER

a measuring
Measures electrica
instrument that can
resistance
measure multiple
electrical properties.
Measuring instruments have evolved over time from simple
devices such as sticks and stones to sophisticated instruments
such as lasers and sensors. They have improved the accuracy,
precision, and convenience of measurement. Measuring
instruments are essential for understanding and exploring the
world around us. They help us solve problems, test hypotheses,
and create innovations.
THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING
P r e p a r e d b y : H e c e l B . Yo c t e