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Gerund and Infinitive
Gerund and Infinitive
Infinitive
1
Gerunds
A gerund is a non-finite form of the verb made
by adding "-ing" :
read --- reading
write --- writing
swim --- swimming
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Gerunds
USE
1. Gerund is often used as a subject
Examples:
Reading helps you learn English.
Swimming is a good exercise.
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Gerunds
USE
2. Gerund is used as an object after certain verbs.
Examples:
I enjoy reading.
She dislikes playing badminton.
Have you finished working?
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Gerunds
A great variety of verbs + preposition / adverb
combinations such as be for / against, give
up, keep on, look forward to, put off take
the gerund.
e.g. I’m looking forward to hearing from you
in the near future.
The gerund after prepositions:
Examples:
He enjoys not working.
The best thing for your health is not smoking.
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Gerunds
The gerund is often used after certain verbs:
avoid, feel like, mind, risk, delay, give up, miss,
spend time/money, dislike, practice, suggest,
enjoy, keep, put off, understand
Examples:
I dislike working after 5 pm.
We enjoy hiking.
She stopped working at 6 o’clock.
She suggested going for a movie.
Farah keeps talking about her problems.
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Gerunds
Gerund is used after certain expressions
such as can’t stand, can’t bear, etc.
9
Infinitives
Infinitive is a non-finite and the first form of the
“verb, which is used with or without “to”.
The infinitive form of:
learn ---- to learn
give ---- to give
Examples:
They want to go now.
He forgot to call her.
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Infinitives
The infinitive is often used after certain verbs:
arrange, forget, learn, plan, ask, help, manage,
promise, decide, hope, offer, refuse, expect,
intend, prepare, want, pretend, appear, seem
a. Verb + infinitive
They hope to reach the party on time.
I want to try the new ice-cream flavour.
b. Adjective + infinitive
I’m happy to hear you are well.
She’s delighted to see him.
c. Noun + infinitive
I’ve got some homework to do. 12
Infinitives
The infinitive is used:
2) To express a purpose
I got up early to do homework.
Examples:
They stopped having lunch at the restaurant.
(They don’t eat at the restaurant anymore)
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Gerunds and Infinitives
BE CAREFUL!
‘To’ can be part of the infinitive or it can be a
preposition.
Use gerund after the preposition ‘to’.
Examples:
I look forward to hearing from you. (√)
I look forward to hear from you. (X)
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Gerunds and Infinitives
Put the verbs in brackets into the gerund or the
infinitive.
1. I want _____ (finish) work early tonight.
2. I hate ______ (wait) for buses in the rain.
3. I’m going to the café _____ (meet) Anna.
4. Sam is really good at _____ (climb).
5. Thank you for ____ (be) so helpful.
6. I enjoy _____ (listen) to the radio while cooking.
7. Let’s go now. I’m worried about _____ (miss) the
train.
8. He refused _____ (help) me.
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Gerunds and Infinitives
Put the verbs in brackets into the gerund or the
infinitive.
9. There’s a lot of work _____ (do) in the new
building.
10. ‘What’s this for?’ ‘It’s for _______ (cook) the
vegetables.’
11. I really love _____ (play) with the children.
12. ______ (swim) is a good form of exercise.
13. I can’t stand _____ (do) the washing-up.
14. We managed ____ (pass) the exam by ____ (test)
each other every evening.
15. We were getting tired, so we stopped _____
(have) lunch. 19