The Anatomy and Physiology

of the Respiratory System

 Divisions of the Respiratory
System
 Upper respiratory
tract (outside
thorax)
 Nose
 Nasal Cavity
 Pharynx
 Larynx
 Divisions of the Respiratory
System
 Lower respiratory
tract (within
thorax)

 Trachea
 Bronchi (L)
 Bronchioles (L)
 Alveoli (L)
 Diaphragm***
• Red – carries oxygen - RBC
• Blue – carries carbon dioxide
BREATHING
MECHANISM
Contracts or moves when we breath. This is
a muscle
“Kapag bumababa ang diaphragm
(contracts), pumapasok ang hangin,
lumalaki ang chest” – INHALATION
(inhale) / INSPIRATION

“Kapag tumataas ang diaphragm (relaxes),

lumalabas ang hangin, lumiliit ang chest” –
EXHALATION (exhale)/ EXPIRATION
 Inspiration
-contraction of diaphragm and
intercostal muscles
 Expiration
• relaxation of diaphragm and
intercostal muscles
Pathway of air:

nasal cavities (or oral cavity)  pharynx 

trachea (inside lungs) bronchi (right &
left)  bronchioles  alveoli (site of gas
exchange)