Construction Management Institute

Training on
Planning & Scheduling
using
Oracle Primavera P6 Professional (P6 22.12)
for
OROMIA ENGINEERING COORPORATION
Presenter: Matiwos Tsegaye
Planning Engineer, MSc CoTM, Practicing Construction Engineer in PM [PPECM/1945]

OCT 2023
CONTENTS (SCHEDULE)
Day 1
Define-Scope Day 2
(WBS-tasks, site layout,
Code, UDF Organize)
•Key Problems Const. Sector [SOU]
• Basic Theory & Practices: PM
(Planning & Scheduling)
• P6 Interface & Windows customize,
EPS management
• Schedule management strategy

Day 3 Define Scope & sequence,

constraints,
Calendars,delay-impact
Sequence & Day 4
Estimate
(Resource &
Duration) Risk Analysis &
Day 5 Set KPI [Develop
schedule]
Schedule
Monitoring &
Day 6
Controlling/Closing
Q-1: HOW PROJECT DURATION is DETERMINED??
9
Cost (Million Birr)

8.2
8 7.3
7 6.5 6.3

6 5.5 5.5 5.5

5
5 3.5
4
3 4.5
3 3.5

2 2.8 2.8 2.7

2.5
2
1 1.5
0
50 100 150 200 250 300

Direct Indirect Total Cost Duration (days)

 TRAINING OUTCOMES
vision
Purpose/Mission mission

• Narrow Gap of Planning & Scheduling High level Measures &

strategy Targets
Objectives

Outcomes
Actions/
1. Aware key problems of construction sector Activities

2. Understand Global trend of Scheduling’s Best Practices

3. Gain In-depth Understanding & develop skill using P6
• Planning & Scheduling are Integrated
• Schedule are created & Developed
Methods [actions]
• Monitor & Control Schedule & Develop • Pre-post assessment
revised Schedule • Group & Individual
• Forensic schedule analysis assignment
• Project period determination • Presentation-Practice-
• Technical document /Method of statement Discussion
development or evaluation • Document Analysis
• Benchmarking
 PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
BASICS
PROJECT?
 PROJECT MANAGEMENT BASICS
Project Management
 Is the sets of activities employed to project to ensure effective &
effient processing of project input to deliver output
 Is the applying knowledge, skills, tools & techniques
to meet the project requirements
PMBoK 2017

Is the planning, delegating, monitoring & control of all

aspects of the project, & the motivation of those involved, to
achieve the project objectives within the expected performance
targets (time, cost, quality, scope, benefits & risk)
PRINCE2 2017
 Construction & Management History/Trends

Bureaucracy Scientific Leadership Operational Project & Strategic Contemporary

Management Research Management (System thinking & Contingency)

• Measurability • System/Process PM techniques/Discipline: • Organization & PM

• Organization •
• Organizational
management: US Military & partners: 1954
Model & Principles: of Value: analysis & Strategy: Wider
Max-weber [PM], 1957 CPM, 1958 PERT
Fredierck Taylor Qualitative design: Ronald (time), 1965 WBS (scope), 1958 ecosystem based
(1900s: management
[1911:elven principles, (brand, trust) &
by office to leverage Fisher [1920s-1930s]: AACE (cost) strategy, Agility & value
mechanization) Productivity Measurement &Quantitative • PM Tools: Excel (1980), MSP &
hypothesis focused (PMI 2021, MGI, BCG,
• Principles: process design] (money, road) Primavera (1983), KAPLAN 2019 & 2020)
• WBS & Job Layout • Social validation &
Success acheived
experment
• PM & Procurement • PM Approach:
by Functions
[Plan-organize-
design: Henry Ford perspective: • Mathemathical Standards : PMI [1996 softwares & communication
(1915-27: 15million car sale) Elton Mayo Technology Driven (virtual
lead-control]
techniques: PMBoK, 2003 OPM), UK- team, cross functional team)
• Bottle neck Identify: [1930s]
• Rule provide
order, Discipline, Henry Gant (1917):
Simplex, Queing, PRINCE (1989), FIDIC (Red • PM Skills: leading driver
Critical path (1940-43 book 1957, 2017 all type) of success for firms &
accountability & • PM Discipline: no &
Stability
Manhattan project) • Strategic Mangt: Portor 1985, industry
covered by Architect
Hammer (1990), KAPLAN (BSC, 1992)
 PROJECT MANAGEMENT BASICS…
PM Framework (PMI 2017 based) 3. Process Groups
2. Phases & (49→5) (Standard) &
Lifecycle Knowledge Area(10)
(Guide)

4. Components of
1. Goal Value Delivery,
(Output) [Protifolio-
PROJECT Program-Project
with
Operation] &
OPM & OPM3
6. Competency
5. Environment
(PESTLE)
 PROJECT PLANNING
[PLANINING PROCESS]
PLANNING BASICS
Planning
• One Element of PM
• Setting goal → Identify
activities & inputs →
to achieve the goal
• while project Customer
Satisf.
constraints (2R2C3S) Cost Scope
• Establish metrics & KPI
→ to measure progress Project
toward goal Sched.
Risk

Resource
 PLANNING BASICS…
Planning Benefit
• Facilitate later
accomplishment
Meredith, 2018 “Strategic Project Management”

• Every minutes allocated

to planning saves as
much as 10-minutes in PMBOK-2021
execution
Brain Tracy 2007 “eat the frog”

Planning output
• Project Management Plan (integrate all aspects)
SCHEDULE MANAGEMENT
PROCESS
[PROJECT SCHEDULING]
SCHEDULE BASICS (DEFINATION)
Schedule/Time Management ROOFING 00
Jun-20
• one element of Planning
10
& Project Management FINISHING
Dec-20
• Develope Roadmap to
Foundation
execute activities Feb-10
20 WALL-
Finishing
• Set start & finish times & 05
8
Aug-20

order of activities: Start Mob

Jan-1
FRAME
Feb-30
10

1. Design
2. procurement
3. Installation/build
4. quality control (QM FIDIC 4.9)
5. resources
6. communications (submittal, approval)
SCHEDULE MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK

MODEL
Well-defined General
Procedure/GUIDE:
Sequential/Iterative/Rolling wave

PURPOSE METHODS
COMPITENCY Detail procedure/Process: Input,
: PM-SP tools &Techniques, outputs:
CPM/PERT

TOOLS & TECHNIQUES

Tools: take input → process it → Output: P6, MSP, Excel, Risk master
Techniques: Detailed steps (how to take input & process):
CPM forward pass/CPM backward pass/…Analogs/Parametric/Bottom up estimation
 SCHEDULE PURPOSE/APPLICABILITY
A. BEFORE IMPLEMENTATION/DESIGN STAGE (LEVEL 2-3)
1) FOR EVALUATION CRITERIA BID AWARD (COST & TIME
OFFER)
2) CALCULATE CASH FLOW AND PLAN BUDGET: PAYMENTS TO
THE CONTRACTOR & CONSULTANT DURING EXECUTION. FIDIC 8.1-3
(OWNER PLAN CASH FLOW & RESOURCE)

B. AFTER IMPLEMENTATION/CONSTRUCTION (LEVEL 3-4)

3) COMMUNICATION TOOL: GUIDE OR VEHICLE FOR EXECUTION OF
ACTIVITIES (ROADMAP): ALLOWS A PROJECT TO BE SIMPLIFIED INTO MANAGEABLE
GROUPING (TIME, RESPONSIBILITY, LOCATION, RESOURCE ROOFING
Jun-20
00
10
FINISHING
4) TRACK & MEASURE WORK PROGRESS Foundation
Feb-10
20
Dec-20
WALL-
Finishing
05 FRAME
8 Aug-20
5) BASIS FOR RESOURCE PLANNING (OPTIMIZE THE TRADEOFFS B/N SCOPE, COST, TIME)
Start Mob
Jan-1
10
Feb-30

6) BASIS FOR PROGRESS PAYMENT

Schedule Management Model (Predictive Approach: PMBOK
2017/2021 Modified)

05 Monitor &
04 & Duration) Control Schedule
Step 05
Estimate (Resource
&
Develop Scedule Step 04
03 Constraints
Sequence &
Step 03 (dependency-order,

02
constraints,
Define Calendar)
Scope [WBS, Step 02
Activities,
Milestones,
Codes], Site Step 01 01 Plan
Mngt
Schedule

Layout [determine schedule

approach-level, set
policy/procedures]
Schedule Development Model: Iterative approach
1. FORMULATE STARATEGY
8. Reporting (MS) 2. (WBS, Activities, Milestones), codes

3. Sequence, constraints, Calendar

7. Fix KPI (select 4.Estimate (labor,equipment, duration, price)

KPI) & Baslining

No
• work flow (cycle time, No
variation, supervisor-crew ratio)
Yes
• resource availability
6. Risk Analysis
(contingency, monitoring
• cashflow meet
contractual requirement &
priority) contractor capacity?
SCHEDULING METHOD..... (INPUTS)
PPA 2011/FIDIC 2017
SCHEDULE MANAGEMENT METHOD (INPUTS, TOOLS&TECH,
OUTPUTS)
• Business case (feasibility report at design stage)
• Contract Document (Dwg, BOQ, GCC&SCC, Specs)
INPUTS • EEF: socioeconomic studies [resource availability & culture [internal/external], Weather data
(Artifacts) • EEF: Industry Schedule guide & Productivity standards,
• OPA: Organization plans [Strategic & portfolio plan], organizational
standards/guides

Process
TOOLS & TECHNIQUES
1. Tools: P6 PM, Risk Master, ASTA, Output (Artifacts)
TILOS, MSP , Excel
2. Techniques: 1. Gant chart/TSLD/TLD/LOB
• Determinastic & 3-Point Estimating 2. Network diagram,
• Network Analysis, Schedule compression 3. Resource schedule &
• Expert Judgment, Delphi Organogram/Cashflow
• Checklists (verfying compliance) 4. Narrative Report/MS: Site
• Claim & Progress evaluation layout, risk manag.Plan
• Document Analysis [to gain project requirements] 5. Progress Dashboard
 Scheduling Method..... (TECHNIQUES & OUTPUTS)
Techniques
1. CPM: determinastic
project period & activity
sequence determination,
excluding resource constraints
2. PERT: Probablstic duration
estimation
3. Critical Chain Method
(CCM): Resource constraint
driven CPM

Output of Schedule
1. Activityschedule
2. Resource Schedule
3. Cashflow Schedule
Scheduling Method... (TOOLS or PM Software)
Project Management Software
• Purpose: To respond dynamic nature of project execution

Benefits of PM Software:
1. Speed, acuracy & flexibility in: Data intry, Analysis/forecasting, record & Report

2. Collaborative: work in team & interactive with other projects

3. Visual support: early detection of risks/opportunity and elevate stakeholder
awareness: early decision

4. Compliance: Prescriptive By Contract (Mandatory) FIDIC GCC8.3

5. Opportunity to adopt global practice: as designed based on global practical demand

 Scheduling Method... (TOOLS or PM Software)
Primavera p6
• Born (1983 eagle-ray) in response to PM challenges
• Plan→ organize & prioritize → optimize limited &
shared resources → monitor changes

1. Widely applicable at design &

construction phases & for all industry
2. Provide Enterprise-wide solution:
Manage Project, Program, & Portfolio
3. Integration with ERP system
4. large computational capacity (100k
activities),
5. Better Schedule modeling
6. Easier Tracking, Easier Reporting
COMPITENCY (SCHEDULE MANAGEMENT DOMAINS)
Schedule
Strategy
D1(14%)

scope
Schedule
sequence
Creation & Estimate & Assign resource
Schedule Develop
Develop schedule
D2(31%)
Manage
ment Physical work
Schedule Measuring-Analysis- Effort
Monitoring & Reporting Duration elapsed
Controlling Revised Schedule Test, safety
D3(35%) EVM

Schedule Closeout D4 (6%) Stakeholder Communication Management D5(14%)

INTRODUCTION TO ORACLE PRIMAVERA P6

1. Starting Primavera P6
2. User Interface screen
3. Windows & their functions
4. Admin & User preferences
5. Creating EPS & Project
6. Customizing Columns & Tabs
7. Customize layout (Modify, Save, Import/Export)
8. Import Export Project & resource
 P6 INTERFACE
STARTING P6

• Click Start, Programs,

Primavera, P6 Professional
21.12
• Type in your assigned Login
Name and Password.
1. Title bar
P6 INTERFACE (PROJECT WINDOW)
2. Menu bar 3. bar 5.Command bar
8. Layout
option bar

9. Table view on top 10. Bar/Gantt chart

4.Directory bar

layout on top layout

7. Detail bar 6.Status bar 12. Bottom layout

P6 INTERFACE (ACTIVITY WINDOW)

Note: refer PDF

manual about
the bars &
tabs function
P6 INTERFACE (ACTIVITY WINDOW)

Note: refer PDF

manual about
the bars &
tabs function
 ADMIN & USER PREFERENCES
ADMIN PREFERENCE
Under Menu → admin preference →
1. General →Starting day of Week (Make it Monday)
2. Industry →Engineering & Construction
 ADMIN & USER PREFERENCES
ADMIN PREFERENCE...
3. Earned Value

• Techniques for computing

performance % complete
→set “activity % complete”
• Techniques for computing
Estimate at completion
(ETC)→set “PF=1 “
• Earned Value Calculation →
set “Budgeted values with
current dates”
 ADMIN & USER PREFERENCES

USER PREFERENCE
Under Menu → edit →User Preference
1. Time Units→
• Unit of Time →set “hour” &
Decimals “1”
• Duration format →set “day “ &
Decimal “0”
• Units/Time format → set “show as
units/duration (4h/d)”
 ADMIN & USER PREFERENCES

USER PREFERENCE...
Under Menu → edit →User Preference
2. Dates→
• Date format→set “day, month, year”
• Opion→tick “months name“ & untick
“leading zero “, Separate “/”
• Time→ set “do not show time”

3. Currency→
• Currency option
→set seen in
snapshot
 ADMIN & USER PREFERENCES
USER PREFERENCE...
Under Menu → edit →User
Preference
4. Assistance→
• Wizard →set seen in snapshot
5. Application→
• Start up window → set “Project”
• Grouping & Sorting, Codes
set as snap shot
 ADMIN & USER PREFERENCES
USER PREFERENCE...
Under Menu → edit →User Preference 7. Resource Analysis→
6. Password→ • set all preference as snap shot
• You can set any value
 ADMIN & USER PREFERENCES
USER PREFERENCE...
Under Menu → edit →User Preference 9. Startup filter→
8. Calculation→ • set all preference as snap shot
• set all preference as snap shot
CREATE EPS & PROJECT
Create EPS
• Click Enterprise under menu → add →adjust by
right/left/up/down arrow
• View in Table/Chart → Print
 CREATE EPS & PROJECT...
CREATE PROJECT
Create Project (under Project window) →
edit project start & end date
To edit start & finish date → detail tab
• Dates Tab →set planned start date, data
date, must finish by (contract date)
CUSTOMIZE DETAIL TABS & COLOMN
Customize Tabs
1. On activity window →click on bottom layout detail bar →right click on
detail tab area → customize →select Available Tabs (on left) →click on
move to right arrow →apply →ok

Note: use similar step for

other windows (WBS,
project, resource, etc.)
CUSTOMIZE DETAIL TABS & COLOMN….
Customize columns
1. On activity window →click on layout bar [column] →t click on available
options → group & Sort by “List” →select fields (on left) →click on move to
right arrow →apply →ok

Note: use similar

step for other
windows (WBS,
project,
resource, etc.)
SAVE CUSTOMIZED (TAB & COLUMN]
Save Layout
1. On activity window →click on layout bar → save as → give name (example
Gant-1) → save
2. To open saved (User-Admin) or Default (Global) → click on layout bar →
open (save changes to current layout) → Open
3. Import or Export
layout: after opening
layouts → import or
export →select
layout file in your
computer (to import)
or select destination
folder (to export)
Note: use similar step for other
windows (WBS, project,
resource, etc.)
 IMPORT-EXPORT
Import File menu →import →import format (select .xer format, p6 file
format)→Next→ click on radio button (to locate file location)→
select file → open→click on column (import action, to
update existing or create new) →click on “Import to” (to select
EPS destination location when file is imported on your p6) → select
EPS→Add (+icon)→next →close (when importing is finished)

Note: to open file (project) →go to Project

window →open imported project
under EPS you selected during import
Multiple projects can be imported
 IMPORT-EXPORT..
Export File menu →Export →Export format (select .xer format, p6 file version or
excel format)→select export type (project) →Next→ click on radio
button (to locate file destination)→ give name of file→ Save →Finish

Note:
• During export make sure desired project to be
exported is opened
• Multiple projects can be exported
• You can export to excel, then open exported
excel file & add activity or resource date you
want (number format need to be converted into
text under data menu ”text to column”), then
import back to P6 (use update existing)
PLAN
SCHEDULING
SET SCHEDULING PARAMETERS
(SETTINGS, PERFORMANCE TYPE &
THRESHOLD/UDF, CRITICAL PATH
DEFINITION)
 SET SCHEDULING PARAMETERS
Set Scheduling Parameters
1. Under project window select project → detail
tab
• Dates Tab →set planned start date, data date,
must finish by (contract date)
 SET SCHEDULING PARAMETERS
Set Scheduling Parameters
1. Under project window select
project → detail tab
• Settings Tab →critical path
definition →set Longest
Path
• Default Tab→ performance
complete type (set physical)
& Default calendar (set 7
day workweek)
• Calculations Tab → Default
price/unit (set 1) & set
others to default p6 value
 SET SCHEDULING PARAMETERS
Set Scheduling Parameters
1.Under Menu → admin
preference (or under WBS window detail
tab) → Earned Value
• Techniques for computing
performance % complete
→set activity % complete
• Techniques for computing
Estimate at completion
(ETC)→set PF 1
 SET SCHEDULING PARAMETERS
Set Scheduling Parameters
1.Under Menu →Enterprise
• User defined fields → select field
type as project → add field (status
indicator → select data type as
indicator
• project codes → create required
parameters (status indicator its
bands)
 SET SCHEDULING PARAMETERS
Set Scheduling Parameters
1. Under Menu → admin Category
• Baseline type → add baseline type
& rename it

To view parameters as field

(Column)
• tool bar →column→ add
highlighted field →apply →ok
Baseline type → add baseline type
& rename it
• Right click on a project →
summarize project
SET SCHEDULING PARAMETERS
Portfolio Grouping & Reporting
To group project with code
values
• Fill the status indicator
based on defined Total
float value (example)
• Click on layout bar →
group& sorting → group
by Status indicator →
apply →ok
• To report: click on print
preview →page setup
→option →set start &
finish dates →print (or
snap)