CHAPTER 3

BASIC FIREARMS DESIGN

I. GENERAL CLASSIFICATION OF FIREARM
ACCORDING TO BARREL RECONSTRUCTION

• A. SMOOTH BORE-
firearms that does not
contain rifling.
DIFFERENT RIFLING TYPES
• 1. SMITH AND WESSON TYPE
- five lands and five grooves, right twist and lands of equal
width (S-R-G-L)
2. STEYR TYPE
- four hands ,four grooves, right hand twist and lands or
equal width ( 4-R-G-L) used in all self loading pistols.
3. BROWNING TYPE
- six lands, six grooves, right hand twist,narrow lands and
broad grooves.
• 4 COLT TYPE
• - six lands and six grooves, left hand twist narrow and
broad grooves.(G-L-G 2x)
• 5. WEBLEY TYPE
- seven lands and seven grooves, right hand twist,narrow
land and broad grooves (7-R-G3x)
6. ARMY TYPE
-four lands and four grooves, right hand twist, narrow land
and broad grooves (4-R-G3x)
• 2. RIFLED BORE FIREARMS- firearms that contains
rifling or the bore is out longitudinally with a number of
lands and grooves.

EX.
PISTOL
REVOLVER
RIFLES
1. Machine gun- a type of weapon w/ c fire on it designed
to fire automatically or semi-automatic, more than one shot
w/o manual reloading by a single press of the trigger.
• Ex. THOMSON SUB- MACHINE GUN AND GREASE
GUN. CAL.45
2. Shoulder gun- those type of firearms are those that are
normally fired from the shoulder.
Ex. RIFLES AND SHOTGUN
3. Hand Arms- those type of firearms that are designed or
intended to be fired using one hand.
Ex. PISTLOS AND REVOLVERS
II. MAIN TYPES OF FIREARMS

A. ARTILLERY FIREARMS
-those type of firearms that propel projectile more than 1
inch in diameter.
EX: Cannons, mortars, bazooka

B. SMALL ARMS
- Those firearms that propel projective less than one inch in
diameter.
EX; Pistol, revolvers, rifle, submachine gun, shotguns.
III. TYPES OF FIREARMS ACCORDING TO USE
AND MECHANICAL CONSTRUCTION
• A. Military types of firearms
1. Pistols
2. revolvers- cal. 30
3. Rifles
4. Machine guns
5. Pocket and home defense firearms
6. Shotguns
C. UNUSUAL MISCELLANEOUS TYPE
• This type of firearms that are unique in mechanisms and
construction.
EX:
1. PALTIK PISTOL
2. PALTIK REVOLVERS
3. PALTIK RIFLES
4. PALTIK SHOTGUNS
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B. TARGET AND OUTDOOR MEN’S FIREARMS

1.PISTOLS
2.REVOLVERS
3.RIFLES
• A. SINGLE SHOT FIREARMS- types of firearms
designed to fire only one shot every loading.
Ex:
• pistol- single shot
• rifle- single shot
• shotgun- single shot
C. BOLT ACTION
• - Reloading is done by manipulation of
bolt.
• EX:
1.RIFLES
2.SHOTGUN
MILITARY BOLT ACTION RIFLES
B. REPEATING ARMS

• - type of firearms designed to fire several shots in every

loading.
• -any firearm (either a handgun or long gun) that is capable of being fired
repeatedly before having to manually reloaded with new ammunition into the
weapon.
• Unlike single-shot firearms, which can only hold and fire a one round of
ammunition, a repeating firearm can store multiple cartridges inside a
magazine (as in pistols, rifles, or shotguns), a cylinder (as in revolvers) or a
belt (as in machine guns), and uses a moving action to manipulate each
cartridge into, and out of, battery position (within the chamber and in
alignment with the bore). This allows the weapon to be discharged
repeatedly, in relatively quick succession, before a manual ammunition reload
is needed.
E. LEVER TYPE
• - Loading takes place by lever action on the firearm.
• EX: RIFLES AND SHOTGUN
• -is a type of action for repeating firearms that uses a manually
operated cocking handle located around the trigger guard area
(often incorporating it) that pivots forward to move the bolt via
internal linkages, which will feed and extract cartridges into and
out of the chamber, and cock the firing pin mechanism. This
contrasts to other type of repeating actions such as the bolt-
action, pump-action, semi-automatic, fully automatic, and/or burst
mode actions. A firearm using this operating mechanism is
colloquially referred to as a levergun.
D. SLIDE ACTION TYPE (TROMBONE)
• -loading taken place by back and fourth mamipulation of
the under forearm of the gun.
• EX; RIFLES, SHOTGUN

FN Trombone
Spencer-carbine M1865, .50 inch
The toggle-link action used in the iconic Winchester Model
1873 rifle, one of the most famous lever-action firearms