INJURIES

Fracture:
A fracture is a crack or break in a bone. Most fractures result from
force applied to a bone.
Fractures usually result from injuries or overuse.
The injured part hurts (especially when it is used),
is usually swollen, and may be bruised or look distorted, bent, or
out of place.

Reporter: Jewell G.
Fracture
Estioko
 Types of Fractures
Different types of bone fractures can be open, closed, stable, displaced, partial, or complete.

Symptoms
Symptoms of a fracture vary depending on its location, a person’s age and general health, and the

CONTENTS
severity of the injury.

Causes
Healthy bones are extremely resilient and can withstand surprisingly powerful impacts.

Diagnosis and Management

Diagnostic process not only paves the way for treatment, but also functions as a type of treatment
itself

Prevention
Strategies to reduce your risk of fractures

Closed or open
fractures
If the injury doesn’t break open
the skin, it’s called a closed
fracture. If the skin does open, it’s
called an open fracture or
compound fracture.
TYPES OF FRACTURES
Complete
fractures
Displaced fractures Partial fractures Stress fractures
The break goes completely through A gap forms where the bone The break doesn’t go all the way The bone gets a crack in it, which is
breaks. Often, this injury through the bone.
the bone, separating it in two. sometimes tough to find with
requires surgery to fix.
imaging.
 SYMPTOMS

Swelling Discolored Skin Bruising Pain with Movement

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 CAUSES

Overuse Fall

Accidents Violence
 PREVENTIONS

AT T E N T I O N

Pay attention to your

surroundings. Watch for
E AT I N G R I G H T anything that could turn into
an obstacle or cause you to
trip.

To promote bone strength,

watch your diet.
S TAY I N G F I T

Weight-bearing exercise such

as walking helps keep bones
BALANCE healthy and strong. Exercises
that build or maintain
muscles can also improve
balance.
Consider balance training
How can I prevent broken bones?
and physical therapy if your
body feels off. You can prevent many fractures by avoiding falls, staying in shape and
getting the right vitamins and minerals.
 DIAGNOSIS & TESTS

X-rays Bone scan CT scan

1 This tool produces a two-dimensional picture of 2 Healthcare providers use a bone scan to find 3 uses computers and X-rays to create detailed slices
the break. fractures that don’t show up on an X-ray. or cross-sections of the bone.

MRI
4 A MRI creates very detailed images using strong
magnetic fields. MRI is often used to diagnose a
stress fracture.
 TREATMENT

he cast brace is often used for additional

support of fractures near the knee or of
es
Casts or Brac the femur that have been stabilized via
ORIF surgery for external fixation

Plates are like internal splints that hold

the broken pieces of bone together. They Metal Plates and Screws
are attached to the bone with screws.

process for fracture fixation by which pins or

External Fixings wires are inserted into bone percutaneously
and held together via an external scaffold.

metal rod that is inserted into the medullary

cavity of a bone and across the fracture in order
Intramedullary Nails
to provide a solid support for the fractured bone
 COMPLICATIONS

04 Hemarthrosis
03 Compartment syndrome
02 Cast-wearing Bleeding into the joint, causing it to
swell.
complications Bleeding or swelling within the

01 Blood Clot Can include pressure ulcers (sores)

muscles surrounding the fracture.

Blockage of a blood vessel that can and joint stiffness.

break free and move through the
body.
 THANK YOU!
FRACTURES Reporter: Estioko, Jewell G.