INSTALL LINUX OS (Ubuntu)

INFORMATION SHEET 1.3-2

Michael U. Mamitag
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, STUDENT(S) MUST be able to:

Install Linux (ubuntu)

Michael U. Mamitag
INTRODUCTION

Ubuntu is a free and open-source Linux

distribution based on Debian. Ubuntu is officially
released in three editions: Desktop, Server, and
Core. Ubuntu is a popular operating system for
cloud computing, with support for OpenStack.
Ubuntu is released every six months, with long-
term support releases every two years.

Michael U. Mamitag
Ubuntu is an open source Debian-based Linux
distribution. Sponsored by Canonical Ltd., Ubuntu is
considered a good distribution for beginners. The
operating system was intended primarily for personal
computers (PCs) but it can also be used on servers.

Michael U. Mamitag
 INSTALL UBUNTU ALONGSIDE WINDOWS
OPERATING SYSTEM
Requirements

You'll need to consider the following before starting the installation:

Connect your laptop to a power source.
Ensure you have at least 25GB of free storage space, or 5GB for a
minimal installation.
Have access to either a DVD or a USB flash drive containing the version
of Ubuntu you want to install.
Make sure you have a recent backup of your data. While it's unlikely
that anything will go wrong, you can never be too prepared.
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DOWNLOAD ISO FILE

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 Download the .iso files on your
computer from the Ubuntu official
site.
Visit
https://www.ubuntu.com/dow
nload/desktop
to download the latest ubuntu
installer.

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Just wait for several minutes (depending in
your internet speed) to finish downloading.

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 CREATE BOOTABLE DISK (live usb)

Download free disk creator software like

RUFUS (Download link https://rufus.ie/ )
to make a bootable USB drive.

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Insert your flash drive in any available
your USB port.

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Open RUFUS bootable drive
creator. Select your USB
drive > click select.

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Open the directory where the ISO
files are stored > Select the .ISO file
for Ubuntu OS > Click Open.

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Click the log icon to see if Linux distro is successfully added. Let
the log dialog box left opened in the entire execution. It helps to
see the additional progress of the process. Showing the log window
is not mandatory you can close the window if you wanted to.
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Click start > Warning dialogue box
will appear.
It indicated the there are files
need to download. Just click yes
to agree then let the application
download the missing files.

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After a few seconds the image below
shows that ISO images had been
detected > Choose the
recommended image (Write in ISO
image mode) > click OK to continue.

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Critical warning message will appear. It
explains that your existing file will be
permanently erased after this procedure. Click
OK to start the process.
Note: make it sure the USB drive that you are
going to use is empty. Michael U. Mamitag
Wait for several minutes
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After several minutes your USB drive is ready to
use. Close the log window > close the RUFUS
app.
Note: If the status shows READY it indicated that
the process is successfully completed. Do not click
START it will lead you to redo the process, just
click CLOSE then remove your flash drive.
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PARTITIONING

Open disk management. Press

windows logo on your keyboard >
type diskmgmt.msc

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Create Space on your hard drive.

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a) Windows is likely to be on the C: drive and
can be identified by its size and the fact it
has an NTFS partition. It will also be the
active and boot partition.

b) Right-click on the C: drive (or the drive that

contains Windows) and choose Shrink
Partition.

c) The wizard will automatically set the

amount that you can shrink the disk by
without harming Windows.
d) Choose how much space you want to set
aside for Ubuntu including creating space
for documents, music, videos, applications
and games and then click Shrink.
Michael U. Mamitag
 You should allow at least 20 gigabytes for
Ubuntu.

The above screenshot shows how your disk

will look after you have shrunk Windows.

There will be unallocated space set to the size

that you shrunk Windows by.
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Insert the Live USB into any available USB ports.

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Restart or turn on your computer

As soon as your computer boots you'll see

the welcome window.
If your computer doesn't automatically boot
from USB, try holding F12 when your
computer first starts. With most machines,
this will allow you to select the USB device
from a system-specific boot menu.

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F12 is the most common key for bringing up
your system's boot menu, but Escape, F2 and
F10 are common alternatives. If you're unsure,
look for a brief message when your system
starts - this will often inform you of which key
to press to bring up the boot menu.

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You will first be asked to select your keyboard
layout. If the installer doesn't guess the default
layout correctly, use the ‘Detect Keyboard
Layout' button to run through a brief
configuration procedure.

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After selecting Continue you will be asked What
apps would you like to install to start with? The two
options are ‘Normal installation' and ‘Minimal
installation'. The first is the equivalent to the old
default bundle of utilities, applications, games and
media players - a great launchpad for any Linux
installation. The second takes considerably less
storage space and allows you to install only what
you need.

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Beneath the installation-type question are two
checkboxes; one to enable updates while installing
and another to enable third-party software.

Ubuntu community advises enabling both Download

updates and Install third-party software if you are
going to use it for a long period of time. Stay
connected to the internet so you can get the latest
updates while you install Ubuntu.

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If you are not connected to the internet, you
will be asked to select a wireless network, if
available. Ubuntu community advises you to
connect during the installation, so we can
ensure your machine is up to date. But take
note, this is only applicable if you are
directly connected to the internet during the
installation.

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Recommendation
Ignore the updates while installing to avoid slow installation.

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Before you continue with the installation you will receive a
checklist to show how well prepared you are for installing
Ubuntu as follows:

• Do you have at least 7.1 gigabytes of hard drive

space?
• Are you connected to a power supply?
• Are you connected to the internet?

There is a checkbox at the bottom of the screen which lets you install
third party software for playing MP3s and watching Flash videos. It is
entirely optional as to whether you choose to check this box. You can
install the necessary plugins after the installation is complete by
installing the Ubuntu Restricted Extras package and this is my
preferred option.

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The Installation Type screen is where you get to
choose whether to install Ubuntu on its own or
whether to dual boot with Windows.

There are three main options:

 Install Ubuntu Alongside Windows 7.
 Erase Disk and Install Ubuntu.
 Something Else.

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It is perfectly acceptable to choose the Install
Ubuntu Alongside Windows 7 option and click
Install Now.

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Choose your time zone by clicking where you
live on the map provided and click Continue.

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Choose your keyboard layout by selecting the
language in the left pane and then the physical
layout in the right pane.

You can test the keyboard layout by entering text

into the box provided.

Note: The detect keyboard layout button

attempts to match your keyboard
automatically.

After you have chosen your keyboard layout

click Continue.

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A default user needs to be set up.

Ubuntu doesn't have a root password. Instead, users

must be added to a group to enable them to use "sudo"
to run administrative commands.
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The user created on this screen will
automatically be added to the "sudoers"
group and will be able to perform any
task on the computer.

1) Enter the name of the user and a name for the

computer so that it can be recognized on a home
network.
2) Now create a username and enter it.

3) Repeat a password to be associated with the user.

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4) The computer can be set up to log in
automatically to Ubuntu or to require the user to
login with the username and password
combination.

5) Finally, you get a chance to encrypt the home

folder of the user to protect the files that are
stored there.

6) Click Continue.

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The files will now be copied to your computer and
Ubuntu will be installed.

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 You will be asked whether you want to
restart your computer or continue testing.

 Restart your computer and remove USB

drive

 When your computer reboots a menu

should appear with options for Windows
and Ubuntu.

 Try Windows first and make sure that

everything still works.

 Reboot again but this time choose Ubuntu

from the menu. Make sure that Ubuntu
boots up. You should now have a fully
working dual booting system with Windows
7 and Ubuntu Linux. Michael U. Mamitag