Prof Ed

What is Teacher
Made Test?
Teacher Made Test
According to (Hopkins, 1990), the
teacher made-test is tailored to measure
the achievement of students and
intended objectives for them after
completing a series of learning / lesson
for the course.
Creating a teacher-made test
is important for several
reasons:
1. Alignment with curriculum
Creating a teacher-made test is
important for several reasons:

2. Flexibility

2. Flexibility
3.Authenticity

2. Flexibility
3. Aunthencity
4. Immediate feedback

2. Flexibility
3.Authenticit
4. Immediate feedback
5. Personalization
Steps in Constructing
Teacher-Made Tests
1. Planning the Test
2. Preparing
the Test
3. Reproducing
the Test
4. Administering
the Test
5. Scoring the
Test
SCORING:
1. Credit point System
SCORING:
2. Two Option Test ( Right Minus
Wrong)
SCORING:
2. Two Option Test ( Right Minus Wrong)
3. Three Option Test ( Right Minus 1/2
Wrong)
6. Evaluating
the test
7. Interpreting the Test
Essay
Examinatio
n
Essay Examination
Essay examination consist of questions to which the students respond
in one or more sentences to a specific questions. It is considered as a
measuring instrument for evaluating knowledge of the subject matter
and to measure skill in writing where it tests student’s ability to
express ideas correctly and to think critically. In other words, an
essay examination may be evaluated in terms of content and form .

Suggestion in construction an essay
examination
1. If an essay examination is to be used effectively, it
must be planned and constructed carefully in advance.
examination
2. It must show major aspects of the lesson in framing
questions, so care must be taken to distribute questions
evenly among the different units.
examination
3. After the test has been planned and the questions
have been written tentatively, precautions on the causes
of unreliability should be taken.
examination
4. In assembling the test questions into a final form,
the teacher should be careful that he phrases the
questions vividly so that its scope will be clear to the
students.
examination
5. The time limit on the coverage of each question
should be established so that students have adequate
time to answer.
Types of Essay Examination Questions
(Monroe and Carter's Classification):
Selective recall
Selective recall
Example: Remembering the names of your

childhood friends from a specific summer
camp while forgetting the names of other
acquaintances.
Evaluating recall
Evaluating recall
Example: After a lecture, a student reviews

their notes to ensure they accurately
remembered and recorded the key points.
Comparison of two
specific things
Comparison of two
things in specific
Example: Comparing the features and

specifications of two specific smartphone
models, such as the iPhone X and the
Samsung Galaxy S20.
Comparison of two things in
general
Comparison of two things in
general
Example: Comparing the advantages and

disadvantages of living in a city versus living
in a rural area.
Decision (for or against)
Decision (for or against)
Example: Deciding to support a particular

political candidate in an election based on
their policy positions and values.
Cause or effects
Cause or effects
Example: Analyzing the causes of climate

change, including factors like greenhouse
gas emissions and deforestation.
Explanation of phrases or
statements
Explanation of phrases or
statements
Example: Providing an explanation for the

saying, "Actions speak louder than words,"
by elaborating on its meaning and
significance.
Summary of a unit or
articles
Summary of a unit or
articles
Example: Summarizing the main points and

findings of a research article in a few
paragraphs.
Analysis
Analysis
Example: Conducting a literary analysis of a

novel by examining its themes, character
development, and symbolism.
Statement of relationship
Statement of relationship
Example: Describing the relationship

between exercise and physical health,
emphasizing how regular exercise can lead
to improved well-being.
Illustration and
examples
Illustration and
examples
Example: In a biology textbook, there is a

detailed illustration of the human digestive
system, and specific examples of different
types of enzymes involved in digestion are
provided.
Classification
Classification
Example: Organizing a library's book

collection into categories such as fiction,
non-fiction, science fiction, and mystery.
Application of rules or
principles
Application of rules or
principles
Example: Solving mathematical equations

using the rules of algebra, such as the
distributive property and order of
operations.
Discussion
Discussion
Example: Participating in a debate about the

pros and cons of social media usage, with
individuals presenting arguments and
counterarguments.
Statement of aim
Statement of aim
Example: In a project proposal, a nonprofit

organization states its aim to provide clean
drinking water to underserved communities
in a specific region..
Criticism
Criticism
Example: Writing a book review that

critiques the character development, plot
pacing, and dialogue quality in a novel.
Outline
Outline
Example: Creating an outline for a research

paper that includes sections like
Introduction, Methodology, Results, and
Conclusion, with subpoints for each.
Reorganization of
facts
Example: Rearranging historical events in a

textbook to group them by time period
rather than presenting them in the order
they occurred.
Formulation of new
questions
Formulation of new
questions
Example: After a science experiment on

plant growth, a student comes up with new
questions about how different types of light
affect plant growth.
New method or
procedure
New method or
procedure
Example: Developing a more efficient

algorithm for sorting large datasets in
computer science, which outperforms
existing sorting algorithms.
Advantages of Essay
Examination
• Easy to construct and saves time.
Advantages of Essay
Examination
• Economical in terms of facilities.

Advantages of Essay
Examination
• Develops organization, expression, and reasoning

skills.
Advantages of Essay
Examination

skills.
• Minimizes guessing.
Advantages of Essay
Examination

skills.
• Develops critical thinking.

Advantages of Essay
Examination

skills.
• Minimizes cheating and memorization.

Advantages of Essay
Examination

skills.
• Minimizes cheating and memorization.
• Encourages good study habits.

Disadvantages of Essay
Examination
• Low validity due to limited sampling..
Examination
• Low validity due to limited sampling.
• Low reliability due to subjectivity in scoring..

Examination
• Low reliability due to subjectivity in scoring.
• Low usability due to time consumption..

Examination
• Low usability due to time consumption.
• Encourages bluffing by students.

Examination
• Difficult to correct or score.

• .
Examination
• Difficult to correct or score.
• Disadvantages students with poor penmanship.

Scoring an Essay Examination
1. Brush up the answers before scoring
2. Quickly read through the papers on the basis of your opinion of their
worthiness and sort them into five groups; (a) very superior papers, (b)
superior papers, (c) average, (d) inferior, and (e) very inferior (Sim, 1980).
3. Read the responses at the same time simultaneously.

4. Re-read the papers in each group and shift any that you feel have
been misplaced.
4. Re-read the papers in each group and shift any that you feel have
been misplaced.
5. Avoid looking at the names of the paper you are scoring

Objective
Examinatio
n
There are two main
types of Objective
Test.
The Recall Type categorized as to:
• Simple-recall
• Completion
The Recognition type is categorized as to:
• Alternative Response
• Multiple Choice
• Matching
• Rearrangement
• Analogy
• Identification
What is?...
Simple-Recall Type
Completion Type
Recall Type
Simple-Recall
The items appears as a direct question , a

stimulus word or phrase or a specific direction.
The response requires the subject to recall
previously learned materials
Rules and Suggestion for
construction of Simple-Recall
type
 The test items should be so worded.
 Direct-Questioning.
 Blanks for the response should be in column.
 The questions should be so worded that there is only one correct
response.
 Minimum use of textbook language.

Example
1. Convert 9 kilometers to meters 1. 9,000 m
2. Convert 212 degrees Fahrenheit 2. 100°C
to degree Celsius
3. Three boxes of dried fish weigh 75 3. 225 kg
kilograms. What is the total weight of
9 boxes of dried fish of the same kind.
Recall Type
Completion
Consist of series of items which requires the

testee to fill a word or phrase on the blanks
construction of Completion type
• Give a reasonable basis for the response desired.
• Avoid giving unwarranted clues to the desired response.
• Arrange the test.

Example
1 - 2. The arithmetic mean is obtained 1. sum of scores
by dividing the ______________ by the 2. number of cases
_____________.
3. The Father of Mental testing? 3. Cattel

What is?...
Alternative response
Multiple choice
Matching
Rearrangement
Analogy
Identification
Recognition Type
Alternative Response
This test consists of a series of items where it

admits only one correct response in each item
from the two or three constant options to be
chosen.
construction of Alternative
Response type
 The test items must be grouped into five.
 Indicate responses as simple as possible.
 Avoid using similar statements from the books.
 The items are carefully constructed.
 Avoid using specific determiners.
 Aforementioned determiners must be avoided.
 Avoid using Qualitative terms.
 Statements that are partly right or wrong must be avoided.
 Statements must be strongly considered that they are either true or false .
Example
Direction: Write X if the statement is true and O, if false. Do not guess,
right minus wrong. Write your answer at the right column.
1. Essay examination is easy to score. 1. O
2. Objective type of test save time and energy 2. X
in answering the questions.
3. Objective type of test eliminates bluffing 3. X

Recognition Type
Multiple Choice
The test is made up of items which consists of

three or more plausible options in each items.
The choices are multiple and must choose only
one correct or best option from the rest.
construction of Multiple-Choice
type
 Use unfamiliar phrasing.
 All options must be plausible with each other.
 All option must be grammatically.
 Avoid using “an” and “a” as last word in an incomplete sentence.
 Four or more options must be provided in each item.
 The order of correct answer in all items are randomly arranged
 Use a uniform number of options in each item.
 The best option has consistent length with distractors.
 Homogeneity of the options must be increased.
 The simplest method of indicating a response must be used.
Multiple-Choice type of test has five
varieties
1. Stem-and-option variety
The stem serves as the problem and is followed by four or more options.
2. Setting-and-options variety
The optional responses are dependent upon a setting or foundation of some sort.
3. Group-term variety
Consist of a group of words or terms in which one does not belong to the group.
Multiple-Choice type of test has five
varieties
4. Structed-response variety
This variety makes use of structure response to test how good they are to judge statements that are
closely related to each other.
5. Contained-options variety
This variety is designed to identify errors in a word, phrase, sentence or paragraph

Recognition Type
Matching
The type consists of two columns in which

proper pairing relationship of two things is
strictly observed.
There are two types of Matching
type
1. Balanced form of matching test
The number of items is equal to the number of options.
2. Unbalanced form of matching test
There are unequal numbers of items and options.

Example
Direction: Math column A with Column. Write the letter only as your
answer at the right column
Column A Column B
1. Person who provides schooling a. Facilitator 1. b
for children b. Teacher 2. c
2. Person who instructs adults in a c. Meeting Organizer 3. a
classroom
3. Person who enables a group to
find solutions
construction of Matching type
 Only homogeneous material must be used.
 Unbalance type is preferable.
 Each category must be grammatically consistent.
 All options, must be plausible or closely related to each other.
 The item column must be placed on the left and the option column at the right.
 Option column must be in alphabetical order and dates in chronological order.
 There should be only one correct response in each item.
 Be sure each item has a pair in the option column.
 The ideal number of items is 5 to 10 and maximum of 15.
Recognition Type
Rearrangement
This type of test consists of a multiple-option

item where it requires a chronological, logical,
rank, etc. order.
Example
Direction: The group of sentence number 1 to 5 below consist od one paragraph.
Read and arrange the best order to complete and organize the paragraph. Choose
from the option the best order.
1. Miss Ferer, their instructor gave them an excellent grade.
2. The study was on the determination of protein content and calcium content of
milkfish bones burger.
3. All of them were happy
4. One day, the students in Chemistry calls conducted an experiment
5. They were all successful in their experiment
1. 42135 2. 41325 3. 41253
4. 42513 5. 43251
Recognition Type
Analogy
This type is made of items consisting of a pair of

words which are related to each other.
construction of Matching type
 The relationship of the first pair of words must be equal to the relationship of the second.
 Distractors or wrong responses must be plausible or closely related with the correct option.
 All options must be co0nstructed in a parallel language.
 All items must be grammatically consistent.
 Four or more option s must be included in each item.
 Only homogeneous relationship must be included in each item.
There are 15 kinds of
relationships.
• Purpose • Place
• Cause and Effect • Degree
• Part-Whole • Characteristics
• Part-Part • Sequence
• Action to Object • Grammatical
• Object to Action • Numerical
• Synonym • Association
• Antonym
Example
Purpose Relationship
1. SHOE is to SHOELACE as DOOR is to _________________
1. Key 3. Transform
2. Hinge 4. Threshold
Cause and Effect

2. NOISE is to DISTRACTING as HARMONY is to _________________
1. Pleasing 3. Harmful
2. Sound 4. Finger
Example
Part-Whole Relationship
3. SLICE is to LOAF and ISLAND is to __________________
1. Land 3. Ocean
2. Peninsula 4. Archipelago
Part-Part Relationship
4. HAND is to ELBOW as FEET is to ___________________
1. Toe 3. Knee
2. Muscle 4. Leg
Example
Action to Object Relationship
5. OBEY is to CHILDREN and COMMAND is to _______________
1. Parents 3. Teachers
2. Army 4. Principal
Object to Action Relationship

6. EGG is to HEAT as POTATO is to _________________
1. Slash 3. Hash
2. Mash 4. Slice
Example
Synonym Relationship
7. DIG: ESCAVATE: KILL: ___________________
1. Avenge 3. Try
2. Convict 4. Slay
Antonym Relationships
8. FLY: SPIDER: MOUSE: _____________________
1. Cat 3. Rodent
2. Rat 4. Animal
Example
Place Relationship
9. WATER: AQUEDUCT: BLOOD: ___________________
1. Avenge 3. Try
2. Convict 4. Slay
Degree Relationships
10. POSSIBLE: PROBABLE: HOPE: _____________________
1. Cat 3. Rodent
2. Rat 4. Animal
Example
Characteristics Relationship
11. RICH: OWN: WISE: ___________________
1. Teach 3. Save
2. Divulge 4. Know
Sequence Relationship
12. MONDAY: WEDNESDAY: SUNDAY: _____________________
1. Monday 3. Tuesday
2. Wednesday 4. Thursday
Example
Grammatical Relationship
13. SHABBY: SHABBILY: HARMONIOUS: ___________________
1. Harmonica 3. Harmony
2. Harmoniously 4. Harp
Numerical Relationship
14. 1/2: 1/4: 1/3: _____________________
1. 1/6 3. 1/12
2. 1/15 4. 1/9
Example
Association Relationship
15. BULLET: LEAD: MESSAGE: ___________________
1. Barber 3. Command
2. Information 4. Cartage
Summary
We learned about...
Objective Examination
Two Main types of Objective

Examination
Categories of the two main

types of Objective
Examination
Advantages of
an Informal
Objective
Type
Advantages of an
informal Objective
Type
Easy to correct or score.
Eliminates subjectivity
Adequate sampling
Objectivity in scoring
Eliminates bluffing
Advantages…
1. Easy to correct or score.

Objective test is easier to correct or score by
classroom teachers due to short responses involve
in each item.
Advantages…
2. Eliminates subjectivity
An objective type of test eliminates subjectivity in scoring
because the responses are short and exact.
Advantages…
3. Adequate sampling
More items are included in an objective test where
validity and reliability of the test can be adequately
observed.
Advantages…
4. Objectivity in scoring
Scoring objective test can be objectively done due
to short and one correct response in each item.
Advantages…
5. Eliminates bluffing
Bluffing is eliminated in an objective type of
test.
Limitations of an
informal Objective Test
Difficult to construct
Encourage cheating and guessing
Expensive
Encourage rate memorization
Time consuming
Limitations…
1. Difficult to construct
An objective test is difficult to construct because there
are more items involved.
Limitations…
2. Encourage cheating and guessing

It encourages cheating and guessing due to short
answer given for each items.
Limitations…
3. Expensive
Due to adequate sampling of an objective test, it is
expensive when it comes to duplicating facilities.
Limitations…
4. Encourage rote memorization

An objective test encourage rote memorization than
memorizing logically because an answer to an item may consist of
only single work or phrase.
Limitations…
5. Time consuming
Preparation of objective test is time consuming in the part of the
teacher due to so many items to prepare.
Other Evaluation
Instruments
Questionnaire
Checklist.
Rating Scale.
Performance.
Cumulative Records
Anecdotal Record.
Other Evaluation
Instrument…
1. Questionnaire
This consist of questions in which the pupils/students responds to each item by encircling the
option or by the use of checkmark.
Other Evaluation
Instrument…
2. Checklist
A teacher makes use of a checklist if his pupil/student exhibits a desired behavior or if he
neglects certain outcomes
Example
a. Are they willing to work?
b. Are they creative in their work?
c. Are their honest on their evaluation?
Other Evaluation
Instrument…
3. Rating Scale
This scale is filled out by teachers for meritorious achievement done by a pupil/student .
Example
a. Plan work well before starting it…… 4. 3. 2. 1.
b. Willing to work…… 4. 3. 2. 1.
c. Finish work once it is started…… 4. 3. 2. 1.
Other Evaluation
Instrument…
4. Performance
The measurement of performance is time-consuming because each student is tested individually .
Other Evaluation
Instrument…
5. Cumulative Records
These records provide information about pupil/student personality, special talent, scholarship and
family background.
Other Evaluation
Instrument…
6. Anecdotal Records
Anecdotal record is designed to determine what happened or what the behavior of the learner
probably mean.
Summary
We learned about...
Informal Objective Type
Advantages and Limitations
Other Evaluation Instrument

Chronological Writing
Sample
Rosa Parks was an African-American activist born in Tuskegee, Alabama, on
February 4, 1913. During this time, African-Americans were segregated and
discriminated against. In a historical moment in 1955, she famously refused to
give up her seat to a white passenger. A year-long boycott of the public
transportation system transpired, which then led to the desegregation of the
Montgomery bus system. Because of this, Rosa Parks' courageous actions Teaching Note: Please insert an
continue to inspire and empower individuals in the ongoing fight for civil image of Rosa Parks in the frame.
rights.
Take note of the

transition words.
Compare and Contrast CH R I STM A S
Sample
Diwali and Christmas are festivals celebrated by people all around the world.
While Diwali is a Hindu festival celebrating the triumph of light over
darkness, Christmas is a Christian holiday rejoicing the birth of Jesus Christ.
Diwali is often celebrated by lighting oil lamps and letting off fireworks, DIWAL
I
whereas Christmas celebrations can include a Christmas Eve dinner, gift
exchange, and Christmas carols. Both festivals positively bring families and
communities together.
Take note of the

comparison words.
3. Problem-solution
In this pattern, a problem is discussed and a solution is proposed.
• to discuss a problem, signal words like
difficulty challenge need issue
• to discuss a solution, signal words like
plan propose answer address

Problem-Solution
Sample
People with disabilities find it challenging to navigate different
spaces because their needs are not always considered. For our
spaces to be truly inclusive, they should be accessible to people with
different physical abilities. This can be something like adding
adequate wheelchair ramps in buildings or updating traffic signs
with audio features. When we make may for these solutions,
everyone can have fun and be part of the community in public
spaces!
Take note of the

signal words.
ACTIVITY
1
BREAK
In the next slide, read each paragraph carefully and take note
of the use of transition or signal words.
Identify the organizational pattern used in each

2 paragraph.
QUESTION 1 QUESTION 2
First, we gather all the ingredients. Next, One problem faced by our school is the
we mix them together. Finally, let's bake lack of a proper playground. One solution
the mixture in the oven. to this issue is to raise funds for the
construction of
a new playground.
QUESTION 3 QUESTION 4
Both bikes and cars are used for
Jimmy had a tooth ache so he went to the transportation. On the other hand, bicycles
dentist to get it looked at. are more environmentally
friendly.
CHRONOLOGICAL COMPARE AND CONTRAST PROBLEM-SOLUTION

QUESTION 1 This text goes QUESTION 2 The lack of the
through the steps playground is the
First, we gather all the ingredients. Next, in chronological One problem faced by our school is the problem and
we mix them together. Finally, let's bake order of how to lack of a proper playground. One solution raising funds is
the mixture in the oven. bake a cake. to this issue is to raise funds for the the solution.
construction of
a new playground.
CHRONOLOGICAL PROBLEM-SOLUTION
QUESTION 3 Jimmy's QUESTION 4 This says that both

toothache is the bikes and cars are
problem and Both bikes and cars are used for used for transport,
Jimmy had a toothache, so he went to the going to the transportation. On the other hand, bicycles but bikes are better
dentist to get it looked at. dentist is the are more environmentally for the
solution. environment.
friendly.
PROBLEM-SOLUTION COMPARE AND CONTRAST

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What is Teacher

1. Alignment with curriculum

1. Alignment with curriculum

1. Alignment with curriculum

1. Alignment with curriculum

in one or more sentences to a specific questions. It is considered as a

measuring instrument for evaluating knowledge of the subject matter

and to measure skill in writing where it tests student’s ability to

express ideas correctly and to think critically. In other words, an

essay examination may be evaluated in terms of content and form .

Example: Remembering the names of your

Example: After a lecture, a student reviews

Example: Comparing the features and

Example: Comparing the advantages and

Example: Deciding to support a particular

Example: Analyzing the causes of climate

Example: Providing an explanation for the

Example: Summarizing the main points and

Example: Conducting a literary analysis of a

Example: Describing the relationship

Example: In a biology textbook, there is a

Example: Organizing a library's book

Example: Solving mathematical equations

Example: Participating in a debate about the

Example: In a project proposal, a nonprofit

Example: Writing a book review that

Example: Creating an outline for a research

Example: Rearranging historical events in a

Example: After a science experiment on

Example: Developing a more efficient

• Economical in terms of facilities.

• Economical in terms of facilities.

• Develops organization, expression, and reasoning

• Economical in terms of facilities.

• Develops organization, expression, and reasoning

• Economical in terms of facilities.

• Develops organization, expression, and reasoning

• Develops critical thinking.

• Economical in terms of facilities.

• Develops organization, expression, and reasoning

• Develops critical thinking.

• Minimizes cheating and memorization.

• Economical in terms of facilities.

• Develops organization, expression, and reasoning

• Develops critical thinking.

• Minimizes cheating and memorization.

• Encourages good study habits.

• Low reliability due to subjectivity in scoring..

• Low usability due to time consumption..

• Low reliability due to subjectivity in scoring.

• Low usability due to time consumption.

• Encourages bluffing by students.

• Low reliability due to subjectivity in scoring.

• Low usability due to time consumption.

• Encourages bluffing by students.

• Difficult to correct or score.

• Low reliability due to subjectivity in scoring.

• Low usability due to time consumption.

• Encourages bluffing by students.

• Difficult to correct or score.

• Disadvantages students with poor penmanship.

3. Read the responses at the same time simultaneously.

3. Read the responses at the same time simultaneously.