Cardiovascular System

• The cardiovascular system is sometimes called the

blood-vascular or simply the circulatory system.
• It consists of the heart, which is a muscular
pumping device and closed system of blood vessels
called arteries, veins and capillaries.
• Blood contained in the circulatory system is
pumped by the heart around a closed circle or
circuit of vessels as it passes again and again
through the various "circulations" of the body.
 Heart
• One of the first to develop.
• Once it stops beating death occurs.
• About the size of your fist.
• Weight about 250-300g.
• 7,000 liters of blood a day (2 gallons).
• 2.5 billion contractions in a average life time.
• The heart is located in the chest between the
lungs behind the sternum and above the
diaphragm.
WALLS (Cardiac Muscle Tissue).

• Walls made up of cardiac muscle tissue.

Cardiac muscle (also called heart muscle)
• It is an involuntary, striated muscle that
constitutes the main tissue of the walls of the
heart and divided into 3 layers.
Flow of Blood
• BLOOD VESSELS
* Path of tubes made to carry blood to and out
from your body.
* Active dynamic organ that is capable or
contracting and expending as they;
• 1. Deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells
• 2. Carry waste products
• 3. Do their part of maintaining blood pressure
• ECG - (Electrocardiogram) recording of the
electrical changes in the heart.
• PULSE - pressure waves generated during ventricle contraction,
the regular expansion of an artery caused by the ejection of
blood into the arterial system by the contractions of the heart

HEARTBEAT
• Systole - contractions
• Diastole - relaxations

LUB/DUB SOUND
• * LUB - when ventricles contract and AV Valves close (loudest).
• * DUB - when ventricles relax and semilunar Valves close.
Cardiovascular
Conditions/
Diseases
• Atrial Septal Defect
• Atrioventricular Septal Defect
• Coarctation of the Aorta
• Double-outlet Right Ventricle
• d-Transposition of the Great Arteries
• Ebstein Anomaly
• Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
• Interrupted Aortic Arch
• Pulmonary Atresia
• Single Ventricle
• Tetralogy of Fallot
• Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return
• Tricuspid Atresia
• Truncus Arteriosus
• Ventricular Septal Defect