Industrial Industrial pollution pollution Click to edit Master subtitle style

By Ar. Gitesh Salunke Roll no. 17 M. Arch. In Environmental Architecture 4/22/12

Definition
Industrialization is the process of social and economic change that transforms a human group from a pre-industrial society into an industrial one. It is a part of a wider modernization process, where social change and economic development are closely related with technological innovation, particularly with the development of large-scale energy and metallurgy production.

Some of the major industries in India are Textiles industry Chemicals industry Food processing industry, Steel industry Cement industry Mining Petroleum Software industry.

Industrial Pollution

Indias industrial rise is closely accompanied by a mounting problem of pollution and the destruction of natural resources. Hurts the environment Impacts on human lives and health are negative Kills animals and plants Imbalances in ecosystems Degrades air quality radically Damages buildings Degrades quality of life.

India is among the 10 most industrialized countries in the world Industrial survey statistics tell you that more than one-third 36.3 per cent of the total value added by to the raw materials through manufacture in the factory sector of the country comes from Maharashtra (23.66 per cent) and Gujarat (12.64 per cent). Easily, the two most industrialised states of India. Industrial pollution can include Air pollution - carbon dioxide, monoxide and ozone Water pollution - petroleum spillage, Radiation Heat Land pollution - heavy metals Noise pollution E-wastes.

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There are six major industrial regions in India1) Kolkata-Hugli region (West Bengal). 2) Mumbai-Pune region (Maharashtra). 3) Bengaluru-Coimbatore-Madurai-Tuticorin region (Tamil Nadu). 4) Ahmedabad-Vadodra region (Gujarat). 5) Chhotanagpur region. 6) Delhi and NCR region.

1,719 MLD of industrial effluents flow into the sea, mostly from Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala

Industrial effluents

SO2
waste

VOC s

CO2

H g
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odo ur
water energy
Raw materials

BOD

nois e

Effects

Global Warming The emission of various greenhouse gases such as CO2, methane (CH4), among others from various industries, increases the overall temperature of the earth

average yearly retreat glaciers: 2006: 30 metres -- 1935-1999: 18 metres 4/22/12 -- 1842-1935: 7 metres [DNA Jan 07]

It results in melting of glaciers and snow-capped mountains, causing an increase of the water levels in seas and rivers, thereby increasing the chances of flood. - * (vanishing) of Himalayan

Global warming has various serious hazards, both on the environment as well as on human health. It also has numerous health risks on humans, such as increase of diseases such as malaria and dengue, cholera, Lyme disease and plague, among others.

Air Pollution

With the increase in the number of industries and factories due to the industrial revolution; air pollution also has increased significantly. The emissions contain large amounts of gases such as sulphur oxides (SOx), ammonia (NH3), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs)
Emissions of air pollutants

These gases, when present in elevated levels in the atmosphere, often result in various environmental and health hazards such as acid rain, and various skin disorders 4/22/12 in individuals.

Water Pollution Dumping of various industrial waste products into water sources, and improper contamination of industrial wastes, often result in polluting the water. Pollutants from industrial sources include: Asbestos This pollutant is a serious health hazard and carcinogenic. Causes: Asbestos fibres can be inhaled and cause illnesses such as asbestosis, mesothelioma, lung cancer, intestinal cancer and liver cancer. Lead This is a metallic element Causes: It is a non-biodegradable substance so is hard to clean up once the environment is contaminated. It is harmful to the health of many animals, including humans, as it can inhibit the action of bodily enzymes. Mercury This is a metallic element. Causes: It is a non-biodegradable substance so is hard to clean up once the environment is contaminated. It is also harmful to animal health as it can cause illness through mercury poisoning.

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Nitrates The increased use of fertilisers means that nitrates are more often being washed from the soil and into rivers and lakes. Causes: Eutrophication, which can be very problematic to marine environments. Phosphates - The increased use of fertilisers means that phosphates are more often being washed from the soil and into rivers and lakes. Causes: Eutrophication, which can be very problematic to marine environments.

Sulphur This is a non-metallic substance. Causes: It is harmful for marine life. Oils Oil does not dissolve in water, instead it forms a thick layer on the water surface. Causes: This can stop marine plants receiving enough light for photosynthesis. It is also harmful for fish and marine birds. Petrochemicals This is formed from gas or petrol and can be toxic to marine life.

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Soil Pollution Soil pollution is defined as a phenomenon is which the soil loses its structure and fertility due to various natural and artificial reasons. Dumping of industrial wastes is one of the prime factors contributing towards soil pollution. Industrial wastes contain large amounts of various chemicals which get accumulated on the top layer of the soil, resulting in loss of fertility of the soil. Such loss of fertility ultimately results in changes in the ecological balances of the environment due to reduction in plant growth. Other Common Effects Certain other common effects of industrial pollution include damaging buildings and structures, increasing the risk of various occupational hazards such as asbestosis, pneumoconiasis, among others.

Industrial Accidents Terra Industries Inc. Port Neal, Iowa

Reason Inadequate indication of Process condition

Impact Release of Ammonia. More then 20 employees affected

Chernobyl Nuclear Plant, Ukraine Bhopal Gas Tragedy, India

Inadequate knowledge of process as well as safety parameters Negligence in safety

$ 200 Billion More then 1 Lakh people affected $ 500 Million More then 20,000 people affected

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Conclusions: Install better controls to reduce discharges to water from factories, wastewater treatment plants. Waste matter should be disposed immediately. Public awareness Strict implementation of polluter pays principal The Government should ensure the new machines that Should be noise proof. Works management should control major hazard installations by sound engineering and management practices. Good plant design, fabrication and installation, including the use of high-standard components. regular plant maintenance; Good plant operation; Good management of safety on site; Regular inspection of the installation, with repair and replacement of components where necessary

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Eutrophication

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World is Sinking in oil.

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Thank