Chapter 2

Changes that Materials

Undergo
Contents for the Unit 1: Matter

Chapter 1 Properties of Matter

•Properties of Materials
•Grouping and Storing Materials
•Proper Handling and Storage of Materials
Chapter 2: Changes that Materials Undergo
•Changes of Solid Materials
•Effects of Changes in Materials
Changes in Solid Materials

01 Physical Change

02 Chemical Change

03 Conditions that causes change

04 Mixtures
01
Physical
Change
These are changes in the size, shape, or state of matter.

In this type of change, the material remains the same even after
undergoing changes or a certain condition is applied to it.
 Examples of Physical Change

Change in Size Change in State Change in

Shape
03
Conditions for
Change
Changes in solid materials when bent, pressed , hammered or cut.

Pressing, bending,
hammering and cutting
materials changes its size
and shape.

Metallic materials have a

combination of properties
malleability and ductility.
 Action that can What property is
Materials Properties
change its properties changed?

Bamboo Stick tough, or high tensile. Bend it Nothing happens. Its

Sometimes heavy, elastic structure, it will
sometimes not. come back to its
original form
Face Towel Absorbent, soft handle, Wipe it on a chocolate It turns it into brown
and washable liquid color or dark color.

Soda Can Malleable Hammer it Crushed

Bond Paper Absorbent, odorless, Cut it off into pieces Nothing will happen. It
tasteless. turns it into little papers.
 Action that can What property is
Materials Properties
change its properties changed?

Paper Barbie Doll

Plastic Optimus Prime

Robot
Changes in properties of materials when exposed to different
temperatures.
Changes in properties of materials when exposed to different
temperatures.

Temperature is the
measure of hotness or
coldness of matter
while thermal energy
is the total energy of
the particles of a
material.
 Materials Temperature Changes in Properties

Butter Melting Point It turns into Melted Butter

Melted Butter Freeze Point It turns into frozen butter.

Changes in properties of materials when mixed with other
materials
 Mixing or Combining

Mixture is any
material that is
homogeneous mixtures
formed when two or
more substances are
physically combined.

heterogeneous mixtures
 Mixing or Combining

A mixture may be combination

of solids as in gravel and
sands, salt and pepper and
iron filling and flour. homogeneous mixtures
It may also combination of
solids and liquids as in
noodle soup, halo halo and
sinigang.

heterogeneous mixtures
 Mixing or Combining

Homogeneous Mixtures have a

uniform appearance as observed
in salt solution, seawater, iced
tea and the air around us. homogeneous mixtures
Heterogeneous Mixtures are not
uniformly distributed; the
individual components can be
recognized easily like fruit salad
or pizza.

heterogeneous mixtures
02
Chemical
Change
In chemical change, matter is change into another material
that has different properties.
Chemical Change

Chemical Change
happens when a
material undergoes
chemical reaction.
It results in the
formation of a new
material
 Examples of Chemical Change

Change in Color Change in Smell

or Taste Change in
Texture
Chemical Change

This kind of change is

seen when a
materials react with
air, heat or water and
usually accompanied
by a change in color
and temperature
Chemical Change

For instance, when a

material made of iron,
react with oxygen in
water or air, RUST is
formed.
Rust is a product of the
chemical reacting
between iron and
oxygen.
Chemical Change

When a chemical
reaction takes place,
the original materials
are no longer present
and may not be
recovered physically.
Chemical Change

Tarnishing – it
occurs when
silver sulfide
forms on
silverware,
causing decay
Chemical Change

Soured milk smells

bad due to the
formation of a
new substance in
the milk caused
by bacteria
Chemical Change

Eggs become rotten as

microorganisms
contaminate them. A
contaminated egg
has a foul smell
Chemical Change

A chemical Reaction takes

place when a material
either gives off or takes in
energy
Chemical Change

As Pancakes
batter gains
heat from the
stove, pancakes
get cooked
Chemical Change

The spectacular heat,

light, ash and
noise produced as
firecrackers
explode are signs
that chemical
change has taken
place
Chemical Change

Chemical Change
happens when a
material undergoes
chemical reaction.
It results in the
formation of a new
material
Let’s Answer
Some exercise
 Physical or Chemical Change? Put “p” if its Physical Change or “c” if its Chemical
Change

P
1. ____________ glass breaking
P
2. ____________ hammering wood together
C
3. ____________ a rusting bicycle
P
4. ____________ melted candle
P
5. ____________ crushed ice
C
6. ____________ Dyeing your hair
C
7. ____________ frying an egg
P
8. ____________ squeeze oranges for juice
P
9. ____________ melting ice
P
10. ____________ mixing salt and water
P
11. ____________ mixing oil and water
P
12. ____________ boiling water
P
13. ____________ melting butter
C
14. ____________ burning leaves
C
15. ____________ fireworks exploding
Effects of Changes in Materials

01 Changes that are useful

02 Changes that are Harmful

03 Environmental Pollution
Changes in Material: Useful and
Harmful
Definition of Terms

● Useful – to be able to use for practical

purpose; good effects; beneficial
● Harmful – likely to cause harm/injury
or damage; dangerous
Lets Investigate!

What are the some of the

useful changes in material?
Useful changes in
Materials
Remember!
● Changes in Materials have
good effects in the
environment. Materials
could be reused and made
something useful that are
friendly to the
environment
Let’s Investigate!

What are the some

of the harmful
changes in
materials?
Harmful Changes Materials
Remember!
● Changes in Materials have
bad effects to the humans
and in the environment.
Materials could damage or
harm the environment,
plants, animals, and people
How much
trash do you 0.7 Kilograms a day
think you
make on a
day?
 Landfills
A Place where waste materials are buried
Ways to improve the useful
changes in materials
 Activity

Identify the following if they can give

USEFUL and HARMFUL effects to
the environment
Useful Effects or Harmful Effects
Useful Effects or Harmful Effects
Useful Effects or Harmful Effects
Useful Effects or Harmful Effects
Useful Effects or Harmful Effects
Useful Effects or Harmful Effects
Useful Effects or Harmful Effects
Useful Effects or Harmful Effects
Useful Effects or Harmful Effects
Useful Effects or Harmful Effects
 Environmental
03
Pollution
Pollution is the result of harmful chemical
reactions that occurs in landfills, bodies of
water, and air.
Water Pollution
Water Pollution
Water Pollution
Seatwork

Write P if it’s a Physical Change, or Write

C if it’s a Chemical Change. Write your
answer on your notebook
Write P if it’s a Physical Change, or Write C if it’s a Chemical Change. Write your answers before the number
(Copy & Answer)

1) Candle  Melting Candle 14) Paper  Tearing of Paper

2) Plant  Wilting Plant 15) Hair  Curled Hair
3) Charcoal  Burning Charcoal 16) Fresh Tomatoes  Chopped Tomatoes
4) Water  Gas 17) Egg  Fried Egg
5) Food  Chewing Food 18) Salt and Water  Dissolved Salt
6) Leftover food  Rotting food 19) Burning Paper  Ash
7) Meat  Chopped Meat 20) Block of Ice  Crushed Ice
8) Leaves Burning of Leaves 21) Crumpled Shirt + Hot iron  Straightened
9) Mineral Water  Frozen Water Shirt
10) Grasses  Cutting Grasses 22) Whole Fruits  Bowl of Mixed Fruits
11) Bread  Toasting the Bread 23) Metal gate  Rusty Gate
12) Paper  Crumpled Paper 24) Flour, Egg, & Milk  Pancake
13) Red and Green Marbles  Mixing of Red 25) Iron Bars + heat  Melted metal
and Green Marbles
 THANKS
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