SOCIAL INSTITUTION Facilitated by

Shabana Kamran
INTRODUCTION
Society has its various needs to be satisfied.
People behave in the set customary pattern which are controlled by the instrument of
the social norms.
This participation of the people to satisfy their customary needs form social
institutions.
According to one point of view: A social institution is an interrelated set of norms.
DEFINITION
Malinowski defines institution as: A group of people united by common interest,
endowed with material equipment, following rules of their tradition and contributing
to the work of culture as a whole.
Betrand defines: Institutions are system of social relationship for meeting various
felt human needs.
Maciver and Page: Institution are established forms or conditions of procedure.
ELEMENTS OF SOCIAL
INSTITUTION
An institution in a society is like an organ of human body.
Institutions work as entity.
Its part does not work alone because the division of institution is not possible.
ELEMENTS OF SOCIAL
INSTITUTION
•It is a group of people who are interrelated through social interaction.
•This group of people is united under common interest.
•This group has material equipment like building etc.
•This group functions according to the custom of life.
•This group fulfils some needs of social life.
THE FIVE ELEMENTS ARE
A group of people
United by common interest
Having material resources
Having norms
Fulfil some social needs
NATURE OF SOCIAL
INSTITUTE

Permanent association of people.

Preserve values
Possess material objects
Network of social norms
Uses symbols to distinguish
Institutions function within normative frame work.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL
INSTITUTION
Social institutions are patterns of behavior grouped about the central needs of human
beings in society.
In all societies, the institution of family plays a central role.
Social institution are therefore social patterns directing the ordered behavior of
human beings in the performance of their basic activities.
More the behavior becomes patterned, the more deeply engrained it will be and
better chance for it survival.
The continuity of institutional practices is further assured by the development of
ritual.
Many institutions have ritual behavior i.e. oath of elegance to flag etc.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL
INSTITUTION
The central aspect of institutions are the functions they perform and the pattern established
to carry out the function.
Many of the basic cultural of the society are embodied in its institution.
The family normally places stronger emotional claims upon the individual than any other
institution.
The claim of institutions upon the members are also known as loyalties.
The morality of a society is embodied in its institution.
Each institution is thus a center of complex cluster or social norms.
TYPES OF INSTITUTION
Crescive and enacted institutions.
Basic and subsidiary institution.
Sanctioned and unsanctioned institutions.
General and restricted institutions
Operative and regulative institutions
THE GENERAL FUNCTIONS OF
AN INSTITUTION
An institution is specifically established for fixed social needs.
If it fulfils these needs there is social solidarity and cohesion among the people.
If it fails to meet prescribed objectives there is dysfunctioning of the institution.
THE GENERAL FUNCTIONS OF
AN INSTITUTION
Reproduction
Socialization
Sense of purpose
Preservation of social order
Transmission of culture
Personality development
INTERRELATIONSHIP OF
SOCIAL INSTITUTION
The whole society function as a whole.
Society is composed of institutions. These institution fulfil the needs of the people.
When we consider the dependence of institution on one another it is the study of
social organization and when we study the interrelationship among them it will be
the study of social structure.
Dependence of institutions upon one another……..social organization
Interrelationship of institutions……..social structure
The sum of social institutions……..society
INSTITUTIONS &
ASSOCIATIONS
Men create associations, also rules and procedures for the fulfilment of common
need and relationship of members to one another. These are forms of conditions of
procedure called institution.
Association on the other hand , have institutions with respect to their interest. The
family for example , as marriage that is a institution of making a relationship it has a
home, family meal and so on.
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS AS
AGENCIES OF SOCIAL
CONTROL
Social institutions fulfill various social needs of people.
They create social structure on which the society stands.
They are interrelated in such a way that one depends upon others.
This condition of interdependence create a network among them.
This relationship is based on social and cultural norms of the society.
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS AS
AGENCIES OF SOCIAL
CONTROL
Socialization
Need satisfaction
Social sanctions
Integration