Digital and Logic Designs(Lab)

HALF ADDER AND FULL ADDER

 What is adder?

 An adder is a device that will add together two bits and give the result as
the output.
 Types of adder

There are two types of adder

 Half adder
 Full adder
 Half adder

Definition
 It is a combinational logic circuit.
 A half-adder circuit consists of two input terminals- namely A and B.
 Both of these add two input digits (one-bit numbers) and generate the output in the
form of a carry and a sum.
 You can design it by connecting one AND gate and one EX-OR gate.
Circuit
 Equation

 The equation for this type of circuits can be realized by the

concepts of Sum of Products (SOP) and Products of Sum (POS).
The Boolean Equation for this type of circuits determines the
relation between the applied inputs to the obtained outputs.
 The equations determined are
 S= AB’+A’B
 C = AB
Truth Table
 Example

 The four possible combinations of two binary digits A and B are shown
in Figure (b). The sum of the two digits is given for each of these
combinations, and it will be noticed for the case A = 1 and B = 1 that the
sum is (10)2 where the 1 generated is the carry to the next stage of the
addition.
 In the sum shown in Figure (a), a carry is generated in the least significant
column and is then added in at the second stage where a further carry is
generated. The carry has rippled through two stages of the addition. Carry
ripple, through many stages, in adder circuits generates unacceptable
delays, and methods are now available to eliminate this problem.
Example continued
 Full adder

Definition
 Full Adder is the adder that adds three inputs and produces two outputs.
 The first two inputs are A and B and the third input is an input carry as C-IN.
 The output carry is designated as C-OUT and the normal output is
designated as S which is SUM.
Circuit
Expression
Truth Table
Example
Thank you!