TRANSLOCATION

OUTLINE
 What is Translocation?
 Translocation of organic solutes

 Transport of minerals and water from root to shoots.

 What are route of water travels from root hairs to

xylem?
 Translocation of sugar

 Factor effecting in sugar translocation

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TRANSLOCATION

 Translocation is the movement of materials from leaves to

other tissues throughout the plant. Plants produce
carbohydrates (sugars) in their leaves by photosynthesis, but
nonphotosynthetic parts of the plant also require
carbohydrates and other organic and nonorganic materials

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 Translocate from sources (regions of excess
carbohydrates, primarily mature leaves) to sinks (regions
where the carbohydrate is needed). Some important sinks
are roots, flowers, fruits, stems.

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Photosynthesis

Translocation

New growth

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TRANSLOCATION OF ORGANIC SOLUTES CAN
OCCUR IN THE FOLLOWING DIRECTIONS:

1. Downward Translocation

2. Upward Translocation

3. Lateral Translocation

4. Bidirectional Translocation

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 XYLEM
 Transport of minerals and water from root to shoots.

 The water travels from root hairs to xylem with 3 route?

1. Transmembrane route with water chanale

2. Symplastic route : The water moves from cell to cell by

osmosis or through plasmodesmata and actually enters the
cells.( with plasmodesmata)

3. Apoplastic route : Water soaks into wall and then seeps

from cell wall to cell wall, and through spaces between the
cells without ever entering a cell. ( within porous cell wall)
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 PHLOEM

 Transport of assimilates (products of photosynthesis). The

Site of synthesis /storage to site of use.

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 Translocation of sugar

 Sugar source
 Plant organ that is a net producer of sugar by
photosynthesis or by breakdown of starch.
 Mature leaves are primary sugar sources.

 Sugar sink
 Is an organ that is a net consumer or store of sugar.
 Sugar sinks are growing roots, stems and fruits.

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FACTOR EFFECTING IN SUGAR TRANSLOCATION:

 Temperature: The translocation of carbohydrates increased

by high temperature.

 Light: The assimilation of CO2 increase with increase in light

intensity.

 Concentration gradients: It is generally believe that the

direction of sugar flow in the sieve tubes is along a gradient of
decreasing total sugar concentration.

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 Hormones: The phloem translocation is at least partially
under the control of natural plant hormones.

 Mineral deficiencies: The absorption and translocation of

sucrose by a leaf of a bean or tomato.

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THANKS

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