Good Day!

Grade 6
Are you ready?.
Op e n in g
Prayer
 Let’s Try
Write ratios for the following illustration.

1) suns to hearts
2) hearts to total number of figures

3) suns to total number of figures

4) hearts to suns

5) total number of figures to suns

R e l a t in g F ra c t i o n a n d R a t i o
 Ratio

• A ratio is comparison of two numbers or quantities.

• It deals with the relationship between two quantities.
• The numbers in the ratio is called terms
• When you find the ratio of two quantities, they must
be in the same units.
 Read
Raymond bought 3 avocados and 8 mangoes. Use
ratios and fractions to compare the number of fruits that
he bought.
The ratio of the number of avocados to the number
of mangoes Raymond bought is 3 : 8.

This ratio can also be written as a fraction:

Number of avocados 3
Number of mangoes 8
The ratio of the number of mangoes to the
number of avocados Raymond bought is 8 : 3.
 Example
Ribbon A is 5 m long. Ribbon B is 4 m
long.

The ratio of the length of Ribbon A to the length of Ribbon

B is 5 : 4.

Total length of the two ribbons = 5 + 4 = 9 m.

 Example
Ribbon A is 5 m long. Ribbon B is 4 m
long.
Total length of the two
ribbons = 5 + 4 = 9 m.

Express the length of Ribbon length of Ribbon A 5

A as a fraction of the total total length of the 9
length of the two ribbons. two ribbons
The length of Ribbon A is 5/9 of the total length of the two
ribbons.
 Example
Ribbon A is 5 m long. Ribbon B is 4 m
long.
Total length of the two
ribbons = 5 + 4 = 9 m.

What fraction of the total length of Ribbon B 4

length of the two ribbons is total length of the 9
the length of Ribbon B? two ribbons
The length of Ribbon A is 4/9 of the total length of the two
ribbons
 Example
Ina, Aina and Dana saved some money from their
allowance in the ratio 2 : 3 : 5.

The amount of money Ina saved is 2/3 of the amount of money Aina
saved.

The amount of money Dana saved is 5/3 of the amount of money Aina
saved.
 Example
Ina, Aina and Dana saved some money from their
allowance in the ratio 2 : 3 : 5.

Total amount of money saved = 2 + 3 + 5 = 10 units

The ratio of the amount of money Aina saved to the total

amount of money saved is 3:10.
 Example
Ina, Aina and Dana saved some money from their
allowance in the ratio 2 : 3 : 5.

Total amount of money saved = 2 + 3 + 5 = 10 units

The ratio of the amount of money Dana saved to the total

amount of money saved is 5 : 10 = 1 : 2.
 Example
Sofia’s height is 5 7 of Arnel’s height.

The ratio of Sofia’s height to Arnel’s height is 5 : 7.

The ratio of Arnel’s height to Sofia’s height is 7 : 5.
The total height of the two friends is 5 + 7 = 12 units.
The ratio of Arnel’s height to the total height of the two friends
is 7:12.
Arnel’s height is 7/12 of the total height of the two friends.
 Example
Bryan is 4 times as old as Linda.

The ratio of Bryan’s age to Linda’s age is 4:1.

Linda’s age is 1/4 of Bryan’s age.

Their total age = 4 + 1 = 5 units

Linda’s age is 1/5 of their total age.
The ratio of Bryan’s age to their total age is 4 : 5.
 TRY!

There are 5 apples and 3 guyabanos on a

table. 5:3

Tina has 2 red marbles and 5 blue marbles.

2:5
Defi n i n g a n d Il l u s t ra t i n g

Ratio and Proportion

 Proportion

●A statement stating that two ratios

are equal is called a proportion.
One hot day, Mother uses 2 ripe mangoes to make 3 glasses of mango shake.
She plans to make 9 glasses. How many mangoes does she need?
What can you say about the fractions?
They are different.
So, the numbers of cans of red paint and yellow paint are
not in proportion.
Number of girls : Number of boys = 1 : 3

The ratio of the number of girls to the number of boys in the dance
group is 1 : 3.
Answer: There
are 5 girls and
15 boys in the
dance group.
The ratios are the same.
The numbers of cups of water and oats are in proportion.

Answer: Yes. Mrs. Galvez used the same proportion for both
batches of oatmeal.
 4 8 12 20 60

1 4

9
cars wheels
 Let’s Get Ready
Tell whether each pair of ratios form a proportion. Write Yes if it is
a proportion and No if it is not.

1. 2:5 = 4:10 Yes

2. 3:4 = 6:8 Yes
3. 5:6 = 4:5 No
4. 4:12 = 3:9 No
5. 12:4 = 10:5 No
 Example
Mother plans to cook mixed seafood for our lunch. She
will mix 2 pieces of shells for every 3 pieces of small squids.
How many shells will she need to mix with 12 pieces of
squids?
 Example
The ratio of the number of shells to the number of squids
is 2:3.

As the number of shells increases, the number of squids

also increases. The number of shells and number of
squids are directly proportional to each other.
 Example

Write a proportion to solve this problem.

Number of shells 2 =?
Number of squids 3 12
 Example
A store sells globes and hourglasses. The ratio of the
number of hourglasses to the number of globes in their
stockroom is 5:3. If there are 20 hourglasses, how many globes
are there?

As the number of hourglasses increases, the

number of globes also increases. This means that the
number of hourglasses is directly proportional to the
number of globes.
 TRY!

1:3 = ?:6

__ laptops to 5 desktops = 6
laptops to 15 desktops
 TRY!

You can buy 3 pencils for P45. Write a proportion

that gives the cost of buying 7 pencils.

Two camping tents can accommodate 8 boy

scouts. Write the proportion to find the number of
tents needed by 12 boy scouts.
 TRY!

Four curtains are needed to cover 3 window

panes. There are 16 curtains. Write the
proportion that will give the number of window
panes.
4:3= 16:N
4N= 48
N= 12
Solving Word Problems Involving Inverse
Proportion

― Irene M. Pepperberg
 Let’s Get Ready
Find the missing term in each proportion.

28 : 44
1. 7:11 = __
2. 18:3 = 6 : __
1

3. __:4
2 =4:8
 Practice

Denie’s weekly allowance lasts for 5 days when she

spends P24 daily. This week, she plans to make her
allowance last for 6 days. How much should she spend
her day then?

24 = __
6 5
Denie should spend only P20 a day for her allowance to
last 6 days
 Practice

When a super typhoon hit a barangay, 15 families

along the riverside were transferred to the evacuation
center. The DSWD provided certain packs of food for
them which are enough for 8 meals. But 5 more families
along the shoreline were also evacuated and brought to
the same evacuation center. How many meals will the
food last now given the same amount of food with
additional family evacuees?
 Practice

15 = 20
? 8

The pack of food will last for 6 days for 20 family

evacuees.
 Example

Two farmers can finish plowing the field in 6 days.

How long will 3 farmers finish plowing the same
field?
2 3 2 3
= =
6 𝑁 𝑁 6
4 days
 Example

A family with 4 members can consume a sack of

rice in 25 days. SO, a family with ___ members can
consume it in 10 days at the same rate.

4 𝑁 𝑁 4
= =
10 members 25 10 25 10
 Example

Three laborers were assigned to build the perimeter

fence. If 6 laborers can build it in 10 days, how long
will they be able to finish the job?

3 6 3 6
20 days = =
𝑁 10 10 𝑁
 Example

Three men can harvest 2 sacks of palay in 120

minutes. How many minutes will 9 men harvest the
same amount of rice?

3 9 3 9
= =
40 minutes 120 𝑁 𝑁 120
 Example

4 people can paint a fence in 3 hours. How long will

it take 6 people to paint it?

4 6 4 6
= =
3 𝑁 𝑁 3
2 hrs
Good Day!
Grade 6
Are you ready?.
Op e n in g
Prayer
R ev i ew
 Let’s Try

It takes 8 days for 35 laborers to harvest

coffee on a plantation. How long will 20
laborers take to harvest coffee on the
same plantation?
8:N=20:35

Therefore, 20 laborers will take 14 days.

 Let’s Try

Nine taps can fill a tank in four hours. How

long will it take twelve taps of similar
flowrate to fill the same tank?

9:N=12:4

Therefore, 12 taps will take 3 hours to fill the

tank.
 Let’s Try

An army barrack has enough food to

feed 120 soldiers for 80 days. How long will the
food last when 30 more soldiers are added to
the camp after 20 days?

48 days
 Let’s Try
Identify which type of proportion is involved in each
problem. Write direct proportion or inverse proportion,
then solve.

The ratio of the glasses to the plates is 2:6. If there are

24 plates, how many glasses are there?
 Let’s Try
Identify which type of proportion is involved in each
problem. Write direct proportion or inverse proportion,
then solve.

The ratio of the teacher to the learners is 2:30. If there

are 5 teachers, how many learners are there?
 Let’s Try
Identify which type of proportion is involved in each
problem. Write direct proportion or inverse proportion,
then solve.

Two water pumps can fill a water tank in 20 minutes.

How many minute will it take 4 pumps to fill the tank at
the same rate?
 Let’s Try
Identify which type of proportion is involved in each
problem. Write direct proportion or inverse proportion,
then solve.

Paper planes can be folded by 4 children in 10 minutes.

How many children can fold the paper planes in 8
minutes?
Solving Word Problems Involving
Partitive Proportion

― Irene M. Pepperberg
 Partitive Proportion

Partitive proportion describes the process by

virtue of which a quantity is divided into two or
more equal or unequal parts.
 Let’s Try
Marcelo harvested 20 pomelos and mangoes in their
backyard. The ratio of the number of pomelos to the
number of mangoes is 2:3. How many pomelos and how
many mangoes did he harvest?

2:3 2+3=5
20/5= 4
2x4=8
3x4=12
 Let’s Try
The ratio of the boys to the girls is 1:3. There are 20
pupils. How many boys and how many girls are there?

1:3 1+3=4
20/4= 5
1x5=5
3x5=15
 Let’s Try
If the ratio of the mangoes to atis is 2:4, how many of
each kind are there of there are 18 fruits?

2:4 2+4=6
18/6= 3
2x3=6
4x3=12
 Let’s Try
There are 40 tables and chairs. How many tables and
how many chairs are there if the ratio of the chairs to
tables is 4:1?

4:1 4+1=5
40/5= 8
4x8=32
1x8=8
 Let’s Try
The sum of the interior angles of a triangle is 180. If the
angles of the triangle have measures in the ratio of
3:6:9, what is the measure of each angle?

3:6:9 3+6+9=18
180/18= 10
3x10=30
6x10=60
9x10=90
 Let’s Try
Joe and Jay divide P5400 in the ratio 4:5, representing
Joe’s share to Jay’s share. How much is the share of
each?

4:5 4+5=9
5400/9= 600
4x600=2400
5x600=3000
 Let’s Try
Partition 72 in the ratio 1:2:3.

1:2:3 1+2+3=6
72/6= 12
1x12=12
2x12=24
3x12=36
 Let’s Try
A tarpaulin canvas having an area of 180 square meters
is cut into three with a ratio of 3:5:7. what is the possible
area of each part?

3:5:7 3+5+7=15
180/15= 12
3x12=36
5x12=60
7x12=84
Good Day!
Grade 6
Are you ready?.
Op e n in g
Prayer
 Let’s Try
A bulletin board measuring 28 dm long was divided
among three subject areas in the ratio 2:2:3. How much
length was allotted for each subject?

2:2:3 2+2+3=7
28/7=4
2x4=8
2x4=8
3x4=12
Find the Percentage or Rate or Percent in
a given problem

― Irene M. Pepperberg
 Percentage, Rate and Base

Percentage Rate Base

● Is the actual ● Is the ratio of the ● Is the amount

amount that percentage to the representing
represents part of a base. 100%.
whole.
Percentage, Rate and Base
 Example

In a batch of grade 6 students who took the entrance test for

Junior High School, 1080 of them passed the test. This is 90% of the
entire batch. How many students are there in the batch?

P= 1080
R= 90%
B= 1200
 Example

The 50% of 500 is 250

P= 250
R= 50%
B= 500
 Example

During the sale, Ashley got 40% discount when she bought a shoes
marked P800. How much was her discount?

P= R x B
P= 40% or 0.4 x 800
P=?
= 320
R= 40%
B= 800 Therefore, her discount is P320
 Example

In an elementary school, 30% of the 250 Grade 6 pupils walk to

school. How many Grade 6 pupils walk to school?

P= R x B
P= 30% or 0.3 x 250
P=?
= 75
R= 30%
B= 250 Therefore, 75 Grade 6 pupils walk
to school.
 Example

A school chess club has 50 members. Twenty-nine of them are girls.

What percent of the chess club are girls?

R= P/B
P= 29/50
P=29
= 58%
R= ?
B= 50 Therefore, 58% of the chess club
are girls
 Example

What percent of 120 is 30?

R= P/B
P= 30/120
P= 30
= 25%
R= ?
B= 120
 Example

Nick is a factory worker. He worked 9 months in a year. What percent

of the year did he work?

R= P/B
P= 9/12
P= 9
= 75%
R= ?
B= 12
 Example

In a basketball game, Rex shoots 54 goals out of 72 shots. What is

the percent of goals?

R= P/B
P= 54/72
P= 54
= 75%
R= ?
B= 72
 Example

There are 72 Grade 6 pupils in a school. The Grade 6 pupils comprise

12% of the total enrolment. How many pupils are enrolled in a school?

P= RxB
P= 72x12% or 0.12
P= ?
= 864
R= 12%
B= 72
 Example

Percy thinks of a number. Thirty-seven percent of the number is

41.44. What is the number?

B= P/R
P= 41.44/37% or 0.37
P= 41.44
= 112
R= 37%
B= ?
 Example

Johnny bought a computer printer on sale at the store. The discount

was 15% and he saved 1350.00. What was the original price of the
printer?
B= P/R
P= 1350/15% or 0.15
P= 1350.00
= 9000
R= 15%
B= ?