Antonio

Pigafetta: First
Voyage around
the World
(Philippines)
Different Edition of the First Voyage in the
World
by Theodore I. Cachey JR.
 The Author: Antonio Pigafetta
(1491-1531)
• Vecezian citizen (Italian)
• Studied Astronomy,
Geography and
Cartography
• Served in the ship as
Knight of Rhodes
• Accompanied the Papal
Nuncio,
Monsignor Cheregato to
Spain
 Antonio Lombardo/
Francisco Antonio Pigafetta
• One of the 18 who
completed the 1st
circumnavigation
(Magellan- El Cano)
_Paid to be accommodated
in the voyage of Magellan
_Was wounded in the battle
of Mactan with Magellan
 The Document: Journal of
Magellan’s Voyage (1519-1522)

• Original detailed journal was lost

• Wrote four manuscripts (one in
Italian and three in French)
• One of the French manuscripts
found in Yale University 
_ Manuscript are complete and
handsomely produced detailed
with maps and sketches
_It is a primary source of the pre-
Spanish lifestyle in those group
of islands
 Contextual Analysis
• European, educated,
well –to- do family and
Christian
• To tell the things God
gave him
the chance to see
_ The desire to learn the
methods
And fashion of the road
_ To satisfy and accede to
the desire of the Lords
Content Presentation: Economics
_ Practice of Barter
_ Presence of a weighing scale
_ Golds as a main object of barter
Content Presentation :Religion
_ Rituals headed by females
_Idols made of woods
_praying with both hands raised to the sky
_ They surrender everything to Aba
Content Presentation
Culture

_ Practices during a
wake of a
noble man
_ Entertaining visitors
_ Manner of drinking
as sign of
friendship
_Making of wine
Content Presentation
Society

_ Head gear
_ Gold
Ornaments
_Tattoes all over
the body
_Nakedness
_China Porcelain
 Content Presentation
Politics
- Ruler per community
_ Presence of Advisers
_ Practice of paying Tribute
_ Hostage for sure payment/
assurance
_ Right to punish disobedience
Content Presentation
Geography
• Archipelago
_ Coconut Palm and
Product
_ Nutmeg
_ Reeds
- Rice
_ Fish
_ Pig
_ Dogs/cats
 Spanish Era:
Coming of the
Spaniards

Magellan’s Expedition
 Magellan and his
• On September 20, 1519,
Magellan set sail from Spain in journey
an effort to find a western sea
route to the rich Spice Islands of
Indonesia or Maluku.
 Magellan and his
• On Aug. 10, 1519, Magellan set journey
sail with 270 men and five ships:
1. the Trinidad (commanded by
Magellan),
2. the San Antonio,
3. the Conception
4. the Santiago
5. the Victoria - The only ship that
returned to Spain with
only 18 survivors,
Magellan sailed to At the end of
March 1520, the
expedition set up
winter quarters at
Port St. Julian.
On Easter day at
midnight, the
Spanish captains
mutinied against
their Portuguese
captain, but
Magellan crushed
Only three the revolt,
ships entered executing one of
the passage; the captains and
one had been leaving another
wrecked and ashore when his
another ship left St. Julian
deserted. in August.
• He was the first European explorer
to reach the Pacific Ocean from the
Atlantic.
• His fleet accomplished the westward
crossing of the ocean in 99 days,
crossing waters so strangely calm
that the ocean was named “Pacific,”
from the Latin word pacificus,
meaning “tranquil.”
• By the end, the men were out of
food and chewed the leather parts of
their gear to keep themselves alive.
• On March 6, 1521, the expedition
landed at the island of Guam.
• Ten days later, they dropped anchor at the
Philippine island of Cebu–they were only
about 400 miles from the Spice Islands.
• Magellan met with the chief of Cebú, who
after converting to Christianity persuaded
the Europeans to assist him in conquering a
rival tribe on the neighboring island of
Mactan.
• In subsequent fighting on April 27, Magellan
was hit by a poisoned arrow and left to die
by his retreating comrades.
• After Magellan’s death,
the survivors, in two
ships, sailed on to the
Moluccas and loaded the
hulls with spice.
• One ship attempted,
unsuccessfully, to return
across the Pacific.
• The other ship, the Victoria,
continued west under the
command of Juan Sebastian
Elcano. The vessel sailed
across the Indian Ocean,
rounded the Cape of Good
Hope, and arrived at the
Spanish port of Sanlúcar de
Barrameda on September 6,
1522, becoming the first ship
to circumnavigate the globe.
• Elcano was later
appointed to lead a
fleet of seven ships
on another voyage
to Moluccas on
behalf of Emperor
Charles V. He died
of scurvy en route.
Juan Sebastian Elcano –
The first Sailor to sail
around the world.
Spain sent succeeding
expeditions to the Spice
Islands, and later the
Philippines, but failed
• April 27, 1565 – Another
Spanish expedition led by
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
entered the port of Cebu.
When the Cebuanos
opposed their landing, they
cannonaded the kingdom.
The Cebuanos retreated to
the hills. The Spaniards
established the first Spanish
settlement in the port, but
Cebuanos harrassed this
settlement.
Miguel Lopez de Legaspi y Gurruchátegui
Expedition
• The expedition composed
of four ships and 380
men, including Fr. Andres
de Urdaneta (a priest who
had survived the Loaisa
mission) as well as five
Augustine priests.
• The Viceroy of Mexico had one important
task for Legazpi to which he was given an
envelope which he will only open when
the ships are already at sea.
• The Legazpi expedition left in the port of
Navidad, Mexico on November 21, 1564.
After four days at sea, Legazpi opened the
envelop to which he learns the purpose of
his expedition, that is – to invade the
whole Philippine Archipelago.
• They arrived in
Cebu but was
not permitted
by the natives
to land because
of their
previous
experience
• This prompted Legazpi’s fleet to go
to Samar and Leyte in which the
Filipinos gladly accepted them.
The Filipinos in Leyte and Samar
was headed by Prince Kamutahon.
• The prince helped Legazpi to find
the island of Limasawa which they
were accepted and was given food
and drinks headed by Datu
Bankaw.
• They went to Bohol but was not
welcomed because Legazpi
captured a Filipino boat captain
who was going to trade in
another country. (Which was
mistakenly pointed Legazpi’s
fleet to be that of the
Portugese)
• Legazpi explained that they were
not Portugese and that they were
accepted by their leader, Rajah
Sikatuna. In this time, Sikatuna and
Legazpi had made the Blood
Compact in the shores of Bohol.
• On April 27, 1565, Legaspi returned
to Cebu; destroyed the town of Raja
Tupas and establish a settlement.
• Hearing of the riches of Manila,
an expedition of 300 men
headed by Martin de Goiti left
Cebu for Manila.
• As the locals sensed the true
objectives of the Spaniards, a
battle between the troops of
Suliman and the Spaniards
erupted.
• Because the Spaniards are
more heavily armed, the
Spaniards were able to conquer
Manila. Soon after Miguel
Lopez de Legazpi arrived to join
Goiti in Manila.
• Legaspi built alliances and made peace
with Rajahs Suliman, Lakandula and
Matanda. In 1571, Legaspi ordered the
construction of the walled city of
Intramuros and proclaimed it as the
seat of government of the colony and
the capital of the islands.
• In 1572, Legaspi died and was buried at
the San Agustin Church in Intramuros.
May 1572 – They entered Ilocos and
Pangasinan.
And within several years, the Spanish
armies defeated or intimidated the
different kingdoms of the
Philippines into recognizing Spanish
rule. Or the Spanish missionaries
convinced them to accept foreign
rule. Bicol, Samar, Leyte, and
Northern Mindanao became parts
of the Spanish colony.
Contribution and Relevance of the
Documents

• The information that there is an existing people in

these groups of islands that they named,
Archipelago of St. Lazarus
• Early Western description of the people and
language (Cebuano)
• The affirmation of an organized and peaceful way of
living in these islands
_The narration of the eagerness and openness of the
people to religious and moral matter
substantiated by their fast conversion to Catholicism
 Contribution and Relevance of the
Document
• The existence of a distinct culture utilize by these group of
people
• Importance of revisiting primary source of history because
every time you dissect it, you can find new perspectives
• The importance of the body of water in the lives of the early
inhabitants of the island
_Have an existing practice of exchange thru calculation of weight
and composition.
• Look for the song of the late Yoyoy Villame
entitled “ Philippine History “ in the YouTube
• Make your own lyrics based on the facts you
Activity
learned in Antonio’s Pigafeta’s narrative of
the world’s 1st circumnavigation, in the tune
of “Philippine History” of Yoyoy Villame
• Present it in class by group of 4 members

Rationale: Aside from the fact that they will be

enlightened by a primary source of
information but also they will relate it to a
popular medium that will result to enhance
retention of the subject matter thought.
 Rubrics

• 50% - Lyrics Construction

• 30% - Performance Level
• 20% - Peer Evaluation based on the
participation in the process
conceptualization and up to
performance.

• PLEASE BE GUIDED ACCORDINGLY

• Pre-Spanish Philippine history
and the beginnings of Philippine References
nationalism : when the Filipinos
were free and their struggle to
regain their former freedom by
Austin Craig
• Philippine civilization : before the
Spanish conquest by Eufronio M.
Alip ; with an introduction by
Teodoro M. Kalaw
• http://www.philippine-
history.org/
• http://www.filipiknow.net/life-in-
pre-colonial-philippines/
• The First Voyage Round the
World/Pigafetta’s Account of
Magellan’s Voyage by Anthony
Pigafetta