MVTR

(Moisture Vapor Transmission

Rate)
NISA NURHIDAYATY
 TUJUAN

• DARI PRESENTASI INI DIHARAPKAN KITA DAPAT MENGENAL PENGUJIAN

KECEPATAN TRANSMISI UAP AIR ( MOISTURE VAPOR TRANSMISSION RATES /
WVTR ) MELALUI BAHAN PENGEMAS.
• MENENTUKAN KECEPATAN TRANSMISI UAP AIR DARI BAHAN PENGEMAS PADA
TEMPERATUR DAN KELEMBABAN TERTENTU DAN MENENTUKAN
PERMEABILITAS BAHAN PENGEMAS.
 MVTR
(Moisture Vapor Transmission Rate)

• Moisture Vapor Transmission Rate (MVTR), atau Water Vapor

Transmission Rate (WVTR), adalah uji yang digunakan untuk mengukur
jumlah uap air atau gas yang dapat melewati lapisan kemasan pada kondisi
suhu dan kelembaban relatif (RH) tertentu selama periode waktu tertentu.
 Uji MVTR / WVTR digunakan pada

1. Makanan,
2. Obat – obatan,
3. Pakaian,
4. Bahan bangunan, dll
FAKTOR YANG DAPAT MEMPENGARUHI
UMUR PRODUK
 WHAT FACTORS AFFECT WVTR/MVTR
VALUES?
FAKTOR INTERNAL

• Ketebalan bahan,
• Jenis bahan,
• Coating kemasan, dan
• Ikatan polimer bahan

FAKTOR EXTERNAL

• Beda tekanan,
• Suhu, dan
• Kelembaban udara
 METODE PENGUJIAN STANDAR
• USP REGULATORY STANDARDS
USP <671> FOR DRUG FILING IN THE US, USP STANDARDS ARE MANDATORY AND MUST BE PERFORMED ACCORDINGLY.
• ASTM (AMERICAN STANDARD TESTING AND MATERIAL) STANDARDS
ASTM D1434 - STANDARD TEST METHOD FOR DETERMINING GAS PERMEABILITY CHARACTERISTICS OF PLASTIC FILM AND SHEETING
ASTM D3079 - STANDARD TEST METHOD FOR WATER VAPOR TRANSMISSION OF FLEXIBLE HEAT-SEALED PACKAGES FOR DRY PRODUCTS
ASTM D4279 - STANDARD TEST METHODS FOR WATER VAPOR TRANSMISSION OF SHIPPING CONTAINERS-CONSTANT AND CYCLE
METHODS
ASTM D7709- STANDARD TEST METHODS FOR MEASURING WATER VAPOR TRANSMISSION RATE (WVTR) OF PHARMACEUTICAL
BOTTLES AND BLISTERS
ASTM E96 - STANDARD TEST METHODS FOR WATER VAPOR TRANSMISSION OF MATERIALS
ASTM E398 - STANDARD TEST METHOD FOR WATER VAPOR TRANSMISSION RATE OF SHEET MATERIALS USING DYNAMIC RELATIVE
HUMIDITY MEASUREMENT
ASTM F1249 - STANDARD TEST METHOD FOR WATER VAPOR TRANSMISSION RATE THROUGH PLASTIC FILM AND SHEETING USING A
MODULATED INFRARED SENSOR
ASTM F2298- STANDARD TEST METHODS FOR WATER VAPOR DIFFUSION RESISTANCE AND AIR FLOW RESISTANCE OF CLOTHING
MATERIALS USING THE DYNAMIC MOISTURE PERMEATION CELL
• ISO 2528:2017
 Desiccant
Metode untuk Methode
menguji
MVTR Water
Methode
DESICCANT METHODE
WATER METHODE
 PERHITUNGAN
• DESICCANT METHOD AND WATER METHOD IS INTRODUCED IN TWO PARTS IN ASTM E 96, BUT THE DATA PROCESSING
METHOD IS CONSISTENT.

• CALCULATE THE WATER VAPOR TRANSMISSION, AND PERMEANCE AS FOLLOWS.

• WVT=G/TA=(G/T)A

• G = WEIGHT CHANGE (FROM THE STRAIGHT LINE), G

• T = TIME, H

• G/T = SLOPE OF THE STRAIGHT LINE, G/H

• A = TEST AREA (CUP MOUTH AREA), M2

• WVT = RATE OF WATER VAPOR TRANSMISSION, G/H·M2

 TYPES OF MATERIALS FOR
BLISTER PACKAGING FILM

1. POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC) RIGID FILM

• RIGID PVC IS A FLEXIBLE, COST EFFECTIVE, VERY CLEAR, STRONG AND SAFE.

• PVC IN ITS RIGID FILM FORM, CONTAINS LESS THAN 4% OF SOFTENING AGENTS.

• FORTUNE UNION RECOMMENDS RIGID PVC FILM AS THE MATERIAL OF CHOICE FOR MOST RETAIL BLISTER
PACKAGING FILM APPLICATIONS FOR ITS EXCELLENT PROPERTIES:
1. GOOD OXYGEN AND WATER BARRIER PROPERTIES ENSURE EXTENDED FOOD PRESERVATION.
2. GREAT THERMOFORMABILITY INCREASE PACKAGING PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY.
3. HIGH FRACTURE STRENGTH OF THE FINISHED PACKAGING GIVE ADDED PROTECTION TO PACKAGED
PRODUCTS.
4. GOOD CHEMICAL RESISTANCE, MAKE OUR FILM SUITABLE FOR A WIDE ARRAY OF APPLICATIONS
(PHARMA, FOOD, RETAIL)
5. GREAT ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTIES WITH LOW PERMEABILITY TO OILS. IN ITS FOOD GRADE FORM MAKE IT
IDEAL FOR FOOD CONTAINERS
6. EXCELLENT PRINTING AND TINTING CHARACTERISTICS
7. HIGHEST COST EFFICIENCY RATIO PRICE/UNIT AREA.
 2. POLYVINYLIDENE CHLORIDE (PVDC)–
COATED PVC
• WE RECOMMEND PVDC LAMINATION OR COATING FOR BLISTER PACKAGING FILM
IN CASES WHERE PVC DOES NOT PROVIDE THE HIGHER WVTR NEEDED FOR
PROTECTING THE PACKAGED PRODUCT. SOME PACKAGING MANUFACTURERS OPT
FOR A 3 LAYER FILM PVDC/PE/PVC TO IMPROVE WATER VAPOR TRANSMISSION
RATE (WVTR) AND OXIGEN TRANSMISSION RATE (OTR), BUT THIS ALSO INCREASES
THE COST SUBSTANTIALLY DUE TO LAMINATING PROCESS AND ADDED COST OF
OTHER MATERIALS (PE/PVDC).
• FORTUNE UNION RECOMMENDS IN SOME CASES VARIATION OF THE THICKNESS OF
PVC RIGID FOR BLISTER PACKAGING FILM, AND ADDING A ONE SIDED COATING OF
PVDC TO THE PVC RIGID FILM TO ACHIEVE THE DESIRED PERMEABILITY LEVELS.
• IN OTHER CASES A SIMPLE 2 LAYER LAMINATION AND SLIGHT VARIATION OF THE
THICKNESS OF THE FILM MAY ACHIEVE THE REQUIRED WVTR AND OTR LEVEL
INSTEAD OF USING A MORE EXPENSIVE 3 LAYER FILM.
 3. PVC/CHLOROTRIFLUOROETHYLENE (CTFE)

• BLISTER PACKAGING FILM MADE FROM RIGID PVC FILM AND CTFE HAVE THE
LOWEST WATER-VAPOR PERMEABILITY MAKING THEM THE HIGHEST
MOISTURE BARRIER OF CLEAR FILMS OF ALL FILMS USED FOR BLISTER
PACKAGING.
• THE INCREASED USE OF PVC/CTFE AS BLISTER PACKAGING FILM CONFIRMS THE
TREND TOWARD THE USE OF HIGHER-BARRIER MATERIALS.
 4. ORIENTED POLYAMIDE
(OPA)/ALUMINUM/PVC
NYLON/ALUMINUM/PVC
• THE USE OF COLD FORM FOIL (CFF) IS GROWING BECAUSE MORE MOISTURE SENSITIVE DRUGS
ARE ON THE MARKET. CFF IS THE ONLY MATERIAL THAT PROVIDES A 100% BARRIER TO
MOISTURE, OXYGEN, AND LIGHT.
• COLD-FORM FILM COMPRISES LAMINATION OF NYLON OPA, ADHESIVE, ALUMINUM FOIL,
ADHESIVE AND PVC FILM. THE LAMINATED ALUMINUM LAYER WITH ITS TEMPERATURE
STABILIZING PROPERTIES PREVENTS THE CFF FROM BECOMING MORE PERMEABLE WHEN
TEMPERATURE RAISES.
• THE COMBINATION OF MATERIALS USED FOR BLISTER PACKAGING FILM GIVE THE COLD FORM
FOIL FILM THE CRITICAL PROPERTIES NEEDED TO PRODUCE BLISTER PACKAGING THAT
PROTECTS THE MOST SENSITIVE PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS.
• ALL MATERIALS USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF COLD FORM FOIL ARE OF THE HIGHEST
STANDARDS ALLOWING EXCEPTIONAL STRETCHABILITY AND MAXIMUM CUP DEPTH DURING
PACKAGING PROCESS.
5. POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE (PET)
• PET IS ALSO A HIGHLY COST EFFICIENT OPTION FOR BLISTER PACKAGING FILM FOR RETAIL PACKAGING, BUT BECAUSE
OF ITS HIGH WATER-VAPOR PERMEABILITY ITS NOT THE BEST CHOICE FOR PHARMACEUTICAL OR FOOD
PACKAGING.

6. PVDC-COATED PET
• THIS COMBINATION MAY ACHIEVE SIMILAR BARRIER LEVELS OF WVTR AND OTR, AND COULD BE AN OPTION TO
SUBSTITUTE PVDC COATED PVC IF THE PACKAGING PRODUCTION LINE IS READY FOR THE NECESSARY ADJUSTMENTS.

7. POLYSTYRENE (PS)
• ITS S A THERMOFORMABLE PRODUCT WITH MANY REATIL APPLICATIONS, BUT ITS HIGH WVTR AND OYTR DISCARD IT
AS A SUITABLE BLISTER MATERIAL FOR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES.

8. POLYPROPILENE (PP)
• THE PROPERTIES OF PP MAKE IT A GREAT CHOICE AS A HIGH QUALITY BARRIER PACKAGING MATERIAL. ITS WVTR
PERMEABILITY IS LOWER THAN THAT OF PVC AND AND CLOSE TOF PVDC COATED PVC.
• BUT THERE ARE SOME ISSUES THAT NEED TO BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT WHEN CHOOSING PP AS THE MATERIAL FOR
BLISTER PACKAGING FILM.
• THE TEMPERATURES REQUIRED FOR THERMOFORMING PP AND COOLING PROCESS HAVE TO BE UNDER CLOSE CONTROL
TO ACHIEVE SMOOTH PRODUCTION PROCESS DUE TO ITS THERMAL INSTABILITY, AND POSSIBLE SHRINKAGE ONCE
THE PACKAGING IS FINISHED.
JENIS-JENIS DAN SIFAT-SIFAT MATERIAL PADA
KEMASAN PLASTIK TERTERA PADA GAMBAR
BERIKUT:
 KESIMPULAN
• SEMAKIN TINGGI NILAI WVTR MAKA PERMEABILITAS KEMASAN JUGA TINGGI
MAKA SEMAKIN BANYAK UAP AIR YANG MASUK KE DALAM KEMASAN.
• MAKA KEMASAN YANG SEBAIKNYA DIGUNAKAN UNTUK MENGEMAS BAHAN
MAKANAN ATAUPUN OBAT – OBATAN DISARANKAN YANG MEMILIKI NILAI MVTR
YANG RENDAH AGAR KUALITAS KEAMANAN TETAP TERJAGA, DAN UMUR
PRODUK DAPAT BERTAHAN LAMA DALAM MASA PENYIMPANANNYA