DATA

INTERPRETATION
Data interpretation is the process of analyzing and
making sense of the data and findings gathered through
research. It involves examining the results, drawing
conclusions, and explaining their significance in the
context of the research question or hypothesis.
Interpretation often requires critical thinking,
contextualization, and the application of relevant theories
or frameworks to understand the implications of the
research findings. It helps researchers and others
understand the meaning and relevance of the data in a
broader context.
Importance of data analysis

It is significance of analyzing data in research to draw

meaningful conclusions and make informed decisions.
The researcher must plan how to analyze the data. The
best time to develop the analysis plan is when the
researcher will be able to identify key evaluation
questions and the method of gathering the needed
information.
Alignment of Analysis with Research
This addresses how the data analysis process should
align with the overall research objectives and questions.
Alignment ensures that the analysis is a logical extension
of the research process, from data collection to
interpretation. Researchers must carefully plan and select
their analysis methods to harmonize with the broader
research design and objectives. This ensures that the
research produces credible and relevant findings that
contribute to the understanding of the topic or problem
being studied.
 Steps for Data Interpretation

Revisit the Main and Sub-Problem

•Review the primary research problem and any sub-
problems or research questions.
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•Ensure a clear understanding of what the data aims to
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address.
Describe the Data
•Begin by describing the data set being analyzed.
•Include details about the data source, sample size,
and any relevant characteristics.
Plan for an Appropriate Way to Present
Decide on the most suitable method for presenting the
data, which could include:
■ Tabular format
■ Graphical representation (e.g., charts, graphs,
histograms)
■ Narrative or textual description
Plug in Additional information
Enhance the interpretation by providing additional
context or information related to the data.
■ Explain any data preprocessing or transformations that
were applied.
Organize the Data Collected Through Tabular Form:
■ If tabular format is chosen, create clear and well-
organized tables.
■ Ensure that data columns and rows are labeled
appropriately.
■ Headings, units, and annotations as needed to clarify
the data.
Basic Analysis of Quantitative
Information
■ Make Copies and Store the Master Copy – It’s
essential to preserve the integrity of the original
data. Make duplicates of the dataset and set aside
the master copy to avoid accidental changes or
data loss during analysis. Work with the
duplicate for any edits or modifications.
■ Tabulate the Information- Create a summary
table that tallies responses or counts for each
question.
■ For example: if you have survey data, count the
number of ratings, rankings, “yes” responses, or
“no” responses for each question. This step helps
in understanding the distribution of responses.
Compute Averages for Ratings and Rankings-
When dealing with ratings or rankings (e.g., on a
scale of 1 to 5), calculate the mean or average
score for each question.
provides a central measure of tendency. For
instance, “For question #1, the average ranking
was 2.4” summarizes respondents’ opinions more
comprehensively than just providing frequency
counts.
Indicate the Range of Answers- To provide a
complete picture of the data distribution, convey
the range of responses. For example, state how
many respondents ranked each option. For
instance, “20 people ranked ‘1’, 30 ranked ‘2’, and
20 people ranked ‘3’.” This information shows not
only the average but also the spread of response
Data Analysis

Is the process of utilizing tools and methods to

interpret and understand data. Statistical formulas
such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard
deviation are commonly used in data analysis. It
involves transcribing interview results to facilitate
result discussion.
Importance of data analysis
■ Quantitative data analysis provides quantifiable
results.
■ It is easily comprehensible for ordinary readers.
■ Enables generalization of findings from a sample
to a larger population.
Sample Results and Discussion
QUIZZ
TIME!!!
1. It is the procedures involved the use of Minitab to
interpret and analyze the data. Statistical formulas used
included frequency, percentage, mean and standard
deviation.
2. It is defined as an adequate exposition of the true
meaning of the material presented in terms of the purpose
of the study.
3. Give at least three steps for data interpretation
Answers
1. Data Analysis
2. Data Interpretation
3-5. •Revisit the main and sub problem
• Describe the data
• Plan for an appropriate way to present the data collected
through tabular form, graphical, or any other way.
•Plug in additional information
• Have closure or concluding statement in every data
interpretation.