SIWES PRESENTATION

by

KURE JOSHUA MELA

UJ/2018/EN/0249

at

INDUSTRIAL TRAINING FUND

HEADQUATERS, MIANGO, JOS

OCTOBER, 2023
 WORK DONE DURING SIWES
 AutoCAD

 ProtaStructure
 COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN
 The process of using computers or
workstations to assist in the creation,
modification, analysis, or optimization of a
design is known as Computer-Aided Design
(CAD). This software helps to improve the
productivity of the designer, enhance the
quality of the design, facilitate communication
through documentation, and create a database
for manufacturing.
 AUTOCAD
 A software that is commonly used by
engineers, architects, graphic designers, and
other professionals. This software is designed
to assist with precise drafting in both 2D and
3D, as well as modelling with solids, surfaces,
mesh objects, and documentation features.
AutoCAD USER INTERFACE
 WORKDONE USING AUTOCAD Mechanical part

COMMANDS USED
• Line
• Circle
• Offset
• Trim
• Mirror
• Erase
• Copy
• Dimension (linear, circle)
• Ortho mode
• Fillet
• Extend
Floor plan of a one-bed
room apartment
COMMANDS USED

 Line
 Offset
 Arc
 Trim
 Scale
 Copy
 Mirror
 Text
 Layer
 Stretch
 Fillet
 Move
 Erase
 Extend
 BUILDING INFORMATION
MODELLING
 Building Information Model (BIM) involves creating
and managing digital models of a place's physical
and functional characteristics using various tools,
technologies, and contracts. BIM software is utilized
by individuals, businesses, and government agencies
to plan, design, construct, operate, and maintain
various physical infrastructures including buildings,
water, refuse, electricity, gas, communication
utilities, roads, railways, bridges, ports, and tunnels.
 PROTASTRUCTURE

 It is an innovative structural BIM solution for structural engineers to model, analyse and
design buildings quickly and accurately. ProtaStructure enables its users to model simple
or complex concrete and steel buildings with speed and ease. The software comes with
various programmes used in analysing and designing various structures. They are:

• ProtaSteel: ProtaSteel is the all-in-one steel detailing and steel connection design
software solution for engineers, fabricators and drafting professionals to perform
automated steel connection design and produce high quality steel detail drawings.

• ProtaDetail: ProtaDetails is a revolutionary system for automatically creating and

organizing all your structural concrete detail drawings in one go. ProtaDetails targets
structural engineers and drafting professionals. It is an essential tool for offices focusing
on CAD structural engineering and detailing. You can benefit from the growing library of
design and detailing macros to instantly design and detail common structural components
including retaining walls, stairs, piles, and foundations and save hours in detailing time.
PROTASTRUCTURE USER INTERFACE
WORKDONE USING
PROTASTRUCTURE
3D MODEL OF A 4 STOREY
BUILDING PLAN OF A 4 STOREY BUILDING
 ANALYSIS OF BUILDING

Beam Reinforcement Design

Axis: 3 Storey: 1
Materials: C30/37 / Grade 500 (Type 2) (Links: Grade 500 (Type 2)) Concrete Cover: 35.0 mm

Diagrams
Bending
GB6 L= 5000mm GB5 L= 5000mm GB1 L= 5000mm
Bw / H (mm) 250 / 500 250 / 500 250 / 500
Flange Bf / Hf
(Left) --- --- ---
(Right)
Top Edge
M (kN.m) 27.3 0.0 86.3 63.7 10.6 61.8 83.4 0.0 45.8
d (mm) 451.0 451.0 449.0 449.0 451.0 449.0 449.0 451.0 451.0
K/K' 0.09 0.00 0.28 0.20 0.03 0.20 0.27 0.00 0.15
x (mm) 56.4 56.4 59.7 56.1 56.4 56.1 57.6 56.4 56.4
Asm (mm2) 57.6 56.4 56.4 57.6 56.4 56.4 57.6 56.4 56.4
Asv (mm2) 189.76 191.48 261.71 132.22 90.40 130.00 258.12 187.92 214.82
As (mm2) 146.79 191.48 466.86 343.47 147.51 333.09 450.49 187.92 246.09
As' (mm2) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
As,min (mm2) 169.82 169.82 169.07 169.07 169.82 169.07 169.07 169.82 169.82
Bottom Edge
M (kN.m) 25.1 71.0 0.0 0.0 10.1 0.0 0.0 70.1 13.9
d (mm) 449.0 449.0 449.0 451.0 451.0 451.0 449.0 449.0 449.0
K/K' 0.08 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.22 0.04
x (mm) 56.1 56.1 56.1 56.4 56.4 56.4 56.1 56.1 56.1
Asm (mm2) 56.1 56.1 56.1 56.1 56.1 56.1 56.1 56.1 56.1
Asv (mm2) 189.76 191.48 261.71 132.22 90.40 130.00 258.12 187.92 214.82
As (mm2) 325.32 383.11 261.71 54.06 54.06 54.06 258.12 377.86 289.54
As' (mm2) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
As,min (mm2) 169.07 169.07 169.07 169.82 169.82 169.82 169.07 169.07 169.07
Shear And Torsion Design
Vd (kN) 66.0 91.0 46.0 45.2 89.8 74.7
v (MPa) 0.59 0.81 0.41 0.40 0.80 0.66
vRdc (MPa) 0.50 0.51 0.50 0.51 0.50 0.51
vRd,max (MPa) 4.75 4.75 4.75 4.75 4.75 4.75
VRd (kN) 147.2 147.9 147.2
Vnom (kN) 152.4 152.4 152.4
Td (kN.m) 0.0 ≤TMin 0.0 ≤TMin 0.0 ≤TMin
TMin (kN.m) 5.3 5.3 5.3
bsupport (mm) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Links 1H8-300 1H8-300 1H8-300 1H8-300 1H8-300 1H8-300 1H8-300 1H8-300 1H8-300

Deflection Check
11.14 ≤ 11.09 ≤ 11.14 ≤
L/d
63.24 √ 1563.15 √ 64.49 √

Steel Areas (mm 2)

Required
Top Edge 146.79 191.48 466.86 343.47 147.51 333.09 450.49 187.92 246.09
Bottom Edge 325.32 383.11 261.71 54.06 54.06 54.06 258.12 377.86 289.54
Supplied
Top Edge 339.29 339.29 603.19 603.19 226.19 603.19 603.19 339.29 339.29
Bottom Edge 603.19 603.19 603.19 339.29 339.29 339.29 603.19 603.19 603.19
Steel Bars
Top Bars 3H12 2H12 3H12
Top.Sup.Bars 3H16 3H16 3H16 3H16
Top.Sup.Bars
Bottom Bars 3H16 3H12 3H16
Bottom Bars
Bot.Sup.Bars
Side Bars
Axial Load Comparison Report
TOTAL LOADS (Based On Slabs Loads):

G - Dead Loads:
Storey Column Wall Beam Slab Ribbed Slab To tal
4 (+12.00m) 90.0 279.2 245.8 1093.7 0.0 1708.7
3 (+9.00m) 90.0 279.2 1018.8 1093.7 0.0 2481.8
2 (+6.00m) 90.0 279.2 1018.8 1093.7 0.0 2481.8
1 (+3.00m) 90.0 279.2 1018.8 1093.7 0.0 2481.8
To tal 9154.1

Q - Live Loads:
Storey Column Wall Beam Slab Ribbed Slab To tal
4 (+12.00m) 0.0 0.0 0.0 136.7 0.0 136.7
3 (+9.00m) 0.0 0.0 0.0 546.9 0.0 546.9
2 (+6.00m) 0.0 0.0 0.0 546.9 0.0 546.9
1 (+3.00m) 0.0 0.0 0.0 546.9 0.0 546.9
To tal 1777.3

TOTAL LOADS (Decomposed to Beams):

G - Dead Loads:
Storey Column Wall Beam Slab Ribbed Slab To tal
4 (+12.00m) 90.0 391.7 1225.7 0.0 0.0 1707.4
3 (+9.00m) 90.0 391.7 1998.8 0.0 0.0 2480.5
2 (+6.00m) 90.0 391.7 1998.8 0.0 0.0 2480.5
1 (+3.00m) 90.0 391.7 1998.8 0.0 0.0 2480.5
To tal 9148.9

Q - Live Loads:
Storey Column Wall Beam Slab Ribbed Slab To tal
4 (+12.00m) 0.0 14.1 122.7 0.0 0.0 136.7
3 (+9.00m) 0.0 56.3 490.6 0.0 0.0 546.9
2 (+6.00m) 0.0 56.3 490.6 0.0 0.0 546.9
1 (+3.00m) 0.0 56.3 490.6 0.0 0.0 546.9
To tal 1777.3

BUILDING ANALYSIS COLUMN AND WALL AXIAL LOADS:

Storey G Delta G Q Delta Q

4 (+12.00m) 1707.4 1707.4 136.7 136.7
3 (+9.00m) 4187.9 2480.5 683.6 546.9
2 (+6.00m) 6668.4 2480.5 1230.4 546.9
1 (+3.00m) 9148.0 2479.6 1777.3 546.9
To tal 9148.0 1777.3

To tal Base Reactions: G = 9148 kN Q = 1777.3 kN

3D MODEL OF A STEEL
STRUCTURE PLAN OF A STEEL STRUCTURE
 ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURE
Steel Beam Design
Steel Beam 1B2
Section: UB 250x125x25 (S355)
Section Class: Class1
Partial Resistance Factors: γM0 = 1.000 γM1 = 1.000 γM2 = 1.000
Effective Length: Kx = 1.000 Ky = 1.000 Lx = 5000 mm Ly = 1650 mm Lb = 1650 mm kL/r = 59 < 200 √

Combined Forces U. Ratio Cmb. Cl. k yy k yz k zy k zz

0.021 < 1.00 √ G-Ny+Q 6.2.1 (7) 1.000 0.700 0.519 1.031

Ned Nt,Rd
Axial Tension -0.25 1135.62

Med Mc,Rd Mn,Rd Mpl,Rd Mb,Rd Mcr

Bending Major (y-y) 0.021 -2.08 97.98 (LTB) 110.76 110.76 97.98 247.11
Bending Minor (z-z) 0.000 0.00 22.44 (Y) 22.44 22.44

Curve αLT λ bar-LT ØLT χ LT C1

Lateral Buckling (LTB) b 0.340 0.669 0.714 0.885 1.000

Axial Tension U. Ratio Cmb. Ned Nt,Rd Npl,Rd Nu,Rd

0.000 < 1.00 √ G+Ny+Q -0.26 1135.62 1135.62 1468.31

Shear U. Ratio Cmb. Ved ρ Vc,Rd λ w-bar Vb,Rd

Major (y-y) 0.008 < 1.00 √ G-Ny+Q -2.30 1.000 283.44 (SB) 0.132 283.44
Minor (z-z) 0.000 < 1.00 √ G-Ny+Q 0.00 1.000 372.19 (SB) 0.006 372.19

Torsion U. Ratio Cmb. Ted MfEd Mf, Rd

0.000 < 1.00 √ G+Nx+Q 0.00 0.00 10.92

Deflection δ v (mm) δ v Limit (mm)

Deflection Span 5000 mm
Category Floor Beam
G+Q 0.2 < 13.9 (L/360) √
 SKILLS LEARNED
 Communication skills
 Research Skills
 Teamwork
 Computer Design Skills
 CONCLUSION
Through this program, I have gained invaluable
insights into the corporate world and the
significant role engineers play in organizations. I
am deeply grateful for this opportunity and the
knowledge and skills I have acquired, which I
am confident will prove to be of great value in
my future pursuits in this field.
THANK YOU.