Confined

Space
Entry
 Confined Space Entry
After this review, you will be able to:
• Define “confined and enclosed spaces and other dangerous
atmospheres”
• List hazards when entering or working in a confined space
• Discuss responsibilities of entrants and employees
working in the vicinity of confined spaces
• Identify a confined and enclosed spaces and condition changes

Question
What is a Confined Space
 DEFINITIONS
Confined Space Enclosed Space
• Small size • Not “confined”
• Limited access • Enclosed by bulkheads / overhead
• Potential for hazardous • Examples
• Berthing Spaces
exposure • Machinery / Boiler spaces
• Special design • Ship Office Spaces
• Double Bottom Tanks and • Passageways
Voids
• Cofferdams
• Condensers, Boilers Dangerous Atmosphere
• May expose employees to risks
• Tanks • Acute illness
• Mud Drums, Sea Chests • Injury
• Special work • Incapacitation
• Death
• Cleaning • Blasting
• Painting • Welding • May impair self-rescue from
confined or enclosed spaces
• Grinding
 Hazards
 Inexperienced people
 Hard to get in or out
 Carrying lots of tools
 Not enough room
 Broken/slippery/steep
 Ladders  Deckplates
 Angled/slippery surfaces
 Poor Ventilation
 Not enough oxygen
 Too much oxygen
 Atmosphere changes
 Toxic
 Flammable
 Oxygen invisible
 Normal is 20.8%
 Gradual changes not noticed
 Changes occur overnight
 Hazards
 Inexperienced people
 Hard to get in or out
 Carrying lots of tools
 Not enough room
 Broken/slippery/steep
 Ladders  Deckplates
 Angled/slippery surfaces
 Poor Ventilation
 Not enough oxygen
 Too much oxygen
 Atmosphere changes
 Toxic
 Flammable
 Oxygen invisible
 Normal is 20.8%
 Gradual changes not noticed
 Changes occur overnight
Properly Trained Employees Only
Service lines, Ventilation Duct
Use Shoulder Strap Tool Bags
Could get trapped
Could fall. Report These
Conditions ASAP
Acute and/or Chronic Effect
Less than 20.8% 12% IDLH
More than 22% Explosive
CO/Preservatives/Solvents
Paint Coatings/Inerting/Welding
Pockets/Burning/Rusting/Gases
Painting/Drying/Grinding/Blasting
 Hazards
(continued)
 Piping Systems
 Labeling
 Leaks
 Valves
 Floods
 Electrical Systems
 Power Loss
 Shock
 Dark
 Hot
 Loud
 Location
 Murphy’s Law
 Hazards
(continued)
 Piping Systems Disconnect, blank off, or
 Valves  Labeling block pipelines that could
 Floods carry hazardous materials
into spaces
 Electrical Systems Explosion-proof-lighting
 Power Loss  Shock required if space contains or
last contained hazardous
substances
 Dark Lighting/Flash Lights
Required By All Employees
 Hot Heat Stress
 Loud Hard to communicate
 Location Hearing Protection
Rescue takes time
 Murphy’s Law Expect the unexpected
Note NO PERSON MAY ENTER AN IDLH SPACE FOR ANY REASON ANY TIME.
 Hazards Shipyard Confined Spaces Hazards
2nd TEST 3rd T
Flammable EST
ST T
1st TE 29 CF O X
If equal to or greater than R 191 IC
n 20.8% 10% of LEL 5 Su
Oxyge bpart
Z
l
Norma MIN Max Below
PEL
20.8% 22% 19.5% LEL
Entrant Duties
Training & Qualification 

Inexperience
Knowledge Level
 Heat Stress
 Peer Pressure
 Disconnect / Blank-off D  Physical Condition
A
N
G
Work Control & Organization
Policies & Procedures E
R Competent Person

 Tool Issue  Safe for workers

 PPE  Safe for HOT work
 Rescue Plan Marine Chemist Certificate Warning
Signs
Ventilation Familiarization
Piping Check-off list
Lighting Noise Level
Work Space, Design
Layout, Labeling
Communication Practices

Escape Rescue

Most confined space fatalities are caused by no initial testing or no follow-up testing to monitor changes
 Entrant Duties
Recognize confined space characteristics
Know what hazards may exist during entry
Know what health problems could result from
hazard exposure
Know how to recognize symptoms caused by
exposure
Know what PPE is needed for safe entry and exit
Use correct PPE
Be aware of and use protective barriers
Leave work area quickly when:
• Supervisor tells you to
• You sense danger
• You hear an alarm
Tell a supervisor if you discover any danger, ASAP
 Attendant Duties
• Remain outside confined
space
• Assist with no-entry
rescue
• Know what hazards exist
in the vicinity of your work
• Call for help to rescue
workers in confined
spaces
• Remain outside confined space.
Do Not Attempt a Rescue Call For Help
Note: 2/3 of all CSE fatalities are co-workers who should not have entered
 RECOMMENDATION

• Supervisor escort workers through confined space

• Before work starts
• For familiarization
• Review all entrant duties

 Suggested Entrant
Check-Off List
For New Employees
 Confined Space Entry
After this review, you will be able to:
• Define “confined and enclosed spaces and other dangerous
atmospheres”
• List hazards when entering or working in a confined space
• Discuss responsibilities for C.S. entrants and employees
working in the vicinity of confined spaces
• Write a sample C.S. Shipyard Rescue Team Plan
Source: Florida Times Union (Jacksonville) January 2, 2000
 HAZARD RECOGNITION CARD 1
CONFINED SPACE CONFINED SPACE
 Inexperienced people  Inexperienced people
 Hard to get in or out  Hard to get in or out
 Carrying lots of tools  Carrying lots of tools
 Not enough room  Not enough room
 Broken/slippery/steep ladders  Broken/slippery/steep ladders
 Angled/slippery surfaces  Angled/slippery surfaces
 Poor Ventilation  Poor Ventilation
 Not enough oxygen  Not enough oxygen
 Too much oxygen  Too much oxygen
 Atmosphere changes  Atmosphere changes
 Toxic  Flammable  Toxic  Flammable
 Oxygen invisible  Oxygen invisible
 Normal is 20.8%  Normal is 20.8%
 Gradual changes not noticed  Gradual changes not noticed
 Changes occur overnight  Changes occur overnight
 Piping Systems  Piping Systems
 Labeling  Leaks  Labeling  Leaks
 Valves  Floods  Valves  Floods
 Electrical Systems  Electrical Systems
 Power Loss  Power Loss
 Shock  Shock
 Dark  Dark
 Hot  Loud  Hot  Loud
 Use PPE – DON’T REMOVE  Use PPE – DON’T REMOVE
 Rescue takes a long time  Rescue takes a long time
 Evacuate immediately for any  Evacuate immediately for any
sign of danger sign of danger
 *DANGER*
DO NOT ENTER THIS SPACE!
COMPARTMENT ___________________

COMPARTMENT #__________________

THE ABOVE LISTED SPACE IS NOT SAFE FOR ENTRY DUE TO

ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS OR A PHYSICAL HAZARD THAT
REQUIRES SPECIAL PROCEDURES TO BE IMPLEMENTED. NO ENTRY
IS PERMITTED TO THIS SPACE UNTIL FURTHER NOTICE. SEE LOG
OF INSPECTIONS FOR TEST RESULTS AND EXPLANATION AS TO
THE “NOT SAFE FOR ENTRY” DESIGNATION. CONTACT THE SAFETY
DEPARTMENT FOR FURTHER INFORMATION.

*DANGER*
THIS SPACE IS IMMEDIATELY DANGEROUS TO LIFE AND HEALTH
MOON ENGINEERING CO., INC. SAFETY DEPARTMENT 393-3074/3076
 WARNING
CONFINED SPACE
COMPARTMENT____________________

COMPARTMENT #___________________

HAS THE POTENTIAL TO BECOME IDLH, IMMEDIATELY DANGEROUS

TO LIFE AND HEALTH.

DO NOT ENTER
UNLESS THE SPACE HAS BEEN TESTED & INSPECTED BY A
SHIPYARD COMPETENT PERSON AND YOU HAVE RECEIVED
CONFINED SPACE TRAINING FROM THE SAFETY DEPARTMENT. SEE
THE SHIPYARD COMPETENT PERSON LOG OF INSPECTION FOR
TESTING INFORMATION AND RESTRICTIONS FOR ENTRY.
MOON ENGINEERING CO., INC. SAFETY DEPARTMENT
 WARNING
MACHINERY SPACE
COMPARTMENT____________________

COMPARTMENT #___________________
HAS THE POTENTIAL TO BE
“NOT SAFE FOR HOT WORK”

DO NOT COMMENCE HOT WORK

UNLESS THE SPACE HAS BEEN TESTED & INSPECTED BY A SHIPYARD
COMPETENT PERSON AND YOU HAVE RECEIVED FIRE PREVENTION
TRAINING FROM THE SAFETY DEPARTMENT. SEE THE SHIPYARD
COMPETENT PERSON LOG OF INSPECTION FOR TESTING INFORMATION
AND RESTRICTIONS FOR HOT WORK.
MOON ENGINEERING CO., INC. SAFETY DEPARTMENT
 This concludes the review on
CONFINED SPACE SAFETY
IN THE OFFSHORE
INDUSTRY