VIROLOGI

SEJARAH
PENEMUAN
VIRUS
 Klasifikasi Virus

Jenis Penyakit Yang ditimbulkannya

Hewan

Sel Inang Tanaman

Bakteri

Helikal

Virus Bentuk
Polihedral

Kompleks

Membran Bermembran/ berkapsul

Telanjang
ds
DNA
Inf. ss
genetika
RNA ds Plus: = mRNA
(ss)
ss Minus: Komplemen mRNA
UKURAN VIRUS
Taksonomi Virus
 VIRUS
VIRUS RNA
DNA
 ASAM SIMETRI SAMPUL UKURAN FAMILI CONTOH PENYAKIT MANUSIA
NUKLEA VIRION GENUS DISEBABKAN OLEH
T nm FAMILI INI
RNA Ikosahedral Tidak 18-30 Picornaviridae Enterovirus Infeksi usus, polio, selesma
Rhinovirus
Tidak 60-80 Reoviridae Reovirus Infeksi-infeksi respiratori dan
usus
Ya 35-80 Togaviridae Alphavirus Demam kuning, ensefalit

Helikal Ya 80-120 Orthomyxoviridae Influenzavirus Influenza

Ya 150-300 Paramyxoviridae Mobillivirus Gondong, campak, infeksi-

infeksi respiratori
Ya 60-180 Rhabdoviridae Lyssavirus Rabies
? Ya 100 Retroviridae Tidak ada Tumor hewan
? Ya 100-300 Arenaviridae Arenavirus Meningitis
Ya 90-100 Bunyaviridae Bunyavirus Ensefalitis
? Ya 120 Coronaviridae Coronavirus Infeksi-infeksi respiratori

DNA Ikosahedral Tidak 18-24 Parvoviridae Parvovirus Koinfeksi dengan Adenovirus

Tidak 40-50 Papovaviridae Papillomavirus Kutil

Tidak 70-80 Adenoviridae Mastadenovirus Infeksi-infeksi respiratori
Ya 110 Herpesviridae Herpesvirus Luka di mulut karena demam,
herpes genital, ruam saraf,
cacar air
Kompleks Selubung 230x300 Poxviridae Orthopoxvirus Cacar
kompleks
 Siklus Lisis

Siklus Lisogen
SIKLUS LISIS DAN LISOGEN PADA VIRUS
 Virus flu

Influenza A virus, the virus that causes Avian flu.

Transmission electron micrograph of negatively stained Colorized transmission electron micrograph of Avian
virus particles in late passage. (Source: Dr. Erskine Palmer, influenza A H5N1 viruses (seen in gold) grown in MDCK
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Public Health cells (seen in green).
Image Library
 H5N1 is a subtype of the species Influenza A virus of the Influenzavirus A genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family. Like all other influenza A subtypes, the
H5N1 subtype is an RNA virus. It has a segmented genome of eight negative sense, single-strands of RNA, abbreviated as PB2, PB1, PA, HA, NP, NA, MP
and NS.
HA codes for hemagglutinin, an antigenic glycoprotein found on the surface of the influenza viruses and is responsible for binding the virus to the cell that
is being infected. NA codes for neuraminidase, an antigenic glycosylated enzyme found on the surface of the influenza viruses. It facilitates the release of
progeny viruses from infected cells.[19] The hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) RNA strands specify the structure of proteins that are most
medically relevant as targets for antiviral drugs and antibodies. HA and NA are also used as the basis for the naming of the different subtypes of influenza
A viruses. This is where the H and N come from in H5N1

The H in H5N1 stands for "Hemagglutinin", as The N in H5N1 stands for "Neuraminidase", as
depicted in this molecular model. depicted in this ribbon diagram
The different sites of infection (shown in red) of seasonal H1N1 versus avian H5N1. This influences their
lethality and ability to spread
Flu Babi
Burqoh mampu mengurangi infeksi bakteri dan virus via udara
LATIHAN SOAL VIRUS
• Apa yang Dimaksud dengan:
– Virus
– VIrion
– Kapsid
– Retroviridae
– Virus Telanjang
• Dengan cara bagaimana para ahli mampu menemukan virus untuk pertama
kali?
• Bedakan Macam Virus Berdasarkan:
– Jenis Sel Inang
– Bentuk
– Informasi Genetik yang Dikandungnya
• Sebutkan Fakta/bukti Mengapa Virus Disebut:
– Benda Hidup
– Benda Mati
• Mengapa:
• Suatu jenis virus tertentu hanya bisa menginfeksi sutu jenis sel tertentu
• Virus flu disimbolkan dengan H1N1, sementara virus flu burung H5N1
• Bedakan:
– Virus DNA dan Virus RNA
– Virus RNA+ dan Virus RNA-
– Siklus Lysis dan Lysogen pada Virus