Lecture 1

Dr. Mohd Suleiman Murad

Introduction
to
Psychiatric
conditions
 DSM – 5

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of

Mental Disorders (DSM–5) is the product
of more than 10 years of effort by
hundreds of international experts in all
aspects of mental health. Their
dedication and hard work have yielded
an authoritative volume that defines and
classifies mental disorders in order to
improve diagnoses, treatment, and
research.
 Impact of Disease

Prediction of diseases(WHO)
 In year 2020
 Depression will the 2nd top diseases in the world after Ischæmic Heart Diseases

Malaysia, 3rd National research of morbidity and Health 2010

 Mental Health problem (11.2 % adult, 20.3 % children and adolescenee)
 3 out 26 million population mental illness problem
 20-30 people out of 100,000 suicide
 Increase admission 15.6 % 227 (2008) 13.0 % 196(2007)
Ministry of Health
ACT 615
MENTAL HEALTH
ACT 2001
All the Disorders 1
1 Neurodevelopmental disorders
2 Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders
3 Bipolar and related disorders
4 Depressive disorders
5 Anxiety disorders
6 Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders
7 Trauma- and stressor-related disorders
8 Dissociative disorders
9 Somatic symptom and related disorders
10 Feeding and eating disorders
11 Elimination disorders
All the Disorders 2
12 Sleep–wake disorders
13 Sexual dysfunctions
14 Gender dysphoria
15 Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders
16 Substance-related and addictive disorders
17 Neurocognitive disorders
18 Personality disorders
19 Paraphilic disorders
20 Other Mental Disorders
21 Medication-Induced Movement Disorders and Other Adverse
Effects of Medication
22 Other Conditions That May Be a Focus of Clinical Attention
10 Different Diagnosis Due to
a Medical Condition
1. Delirium Due to a General Medical Condition
2. Dementia Due to a General Medical Condition
3. Amnesia Due to a General Medical Condition
4. Psychosis Due to a General Medical Condition
5. Mood Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition
6. Anxiety Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition
7. Sexual Dysfunction Due to a General Medical Condition
8. Sleep Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition
9. Catatonic Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition
10. Personality Change Due to a General Medical Condition
Most Common Disorders
 Major Depressive Disorder

 Bipolar I Disorder

 Alcohol Dependence

 Schizophrenia

 Somatization Disorder

 Borderline Personality Disorder

All Disorders
 1. Neurodevelopmental
Disorders
1. Intellectual Disabilities

2. Social Communication Disorders

3. Autism Spectrum Disorders

4. Attention-Deficit /Hyperactivity Disorder

5. Specific Learning Disability

6. Motor Disorders

7. Tic Disorders
 Neurodevelopmental
Disorders I
Autism Spectrum Disorder

 Autism Spectrum Disorder

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

 Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

 Other Specified Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity

Disorder

 Unspecified Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

 Neurodevelopmental
Disorders II
Intellectual Disabilities Communication Disorders
 Intellectual Disability  Language Disorder
(Intellectual  Speech Sound Disorder
Developmental (previously Phonological
Disorder) Disorder)
 Global Developmental  Childhood-Onset Fluency
Delay Disorder (Stuttering)
 Unspecified Intellectual  Social (Pragmatic)
Disability (Intellectual Communication Disorder
Developmental
 Unspecified
Disorder)
Communication Disorder
 Neurodevelopmental Disorders III
Specific Learning Disorder
 Specific Learning Disorder
Motor Disorders Other
 Developmental Coordination Neurodevelopmenta
Disorder l Disorders
  Other Specified
Stereotypic Movement Disorder
Neurodevelopmenta
Tic Disorders l Disorder
 Tourette’s Disorder  Unspecified
 Persistent (Chronic) Motor or Neurodevelopmenta
Vocal Tic Disorder l Disorder
 Provisional Tic Disorder
 Other Specified Tic Disorder
 Unspecified Tic Disorder
 2. Schizophrenia Spectrum
and Other Psychotic
Disorders
1. Schizotypal Personality Disorder
2. Delusional Disorder
3. Brief Psychotic Disorder
4. Schizophreniform Disorder
5. Schizophrenia
6. Schizoaffective Disorder
7. Substance/Medication-Induced Psychotic Disorder
8. Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition
9. Catatonia
10. Other Specified Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic
Disorder
11. Unspecified Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorder
3. Bipolar and Related
Disorders
1. Bipolar I

2. Bipolar II

3. Cyclothermic Disorder

4. Substance/ Medication-Induced Bipolar Related

Disorder

5. Other Specified Bipolar and Related Disorder

6. Unspecified Bipolar and Related Disorder

4. Depressive Disorders

1. Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

2. Major Depressive Disorder

3. Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)

4. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

5. Substance/ Medication-Induced Depressive

Disorder

6. Depressive Disorder Due to Another Medical

Condition
5. Anxiety Disorders

1. Separation Anxiety Disorder

2. Selective Mutism
3. Specific Phobia
4. Social Anxiety Disorder
5. Panic Disorder
6. Agoraphobia
7. Generalized Anxiety Disorder
8. Substance/ Medication-Induced Anxiety Disorder
9. Anxiety Due to Another Medical Condition
10. Other Specified Anxiety Disorder
11. Unspecified Anxiety Disorder
6. Obsessive-Compulsive
and Related Disorders
1. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
2. Body Dysmorphic Disorder
3. Hoarding Disorder
4. Hair-Pulling (Trichotillomania) Disorder
5. Skin-Picking (Excoriation) Disorder
6. Substance/ Medication-Induced Obsessive
Compulsive Disorder
7. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Due to Another
Medical Condition
8. Other Specified Obsessive-Compulsive and Related
Disorder
9. Unspecified Obsessive-Compulsive and Related
7. Trauma- and Stressor-
Related Disorders
1. Reactive Attachment Disorder

2. Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder

3. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

4. Acute Stress Disorder

5. Adjustment Disorders

6. Other Specified Trauma- and Stressor-Related

Disorder

7. Unspecified Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorder

8. Dissociative Disorders

1. Dissociative Identity Disorder

2. Dissociative Amnesia

3. Depersonalization/Derealization
Disorder

4. Other Specified Dissociative Disorder

5. Unspecified Dissociative Disorder

9. Somatic Symptom and
Related Disorders
1. Somatic Symptom Disorder
2. Illness Anxiety Disorder
3. Functional Neurological Symptom
(Conversion) Disorder
4. Psychological Factors Affecting Other
Medical Conditions
5. Factitious Disorder
6. Other Specified Somatic Symptom
Disorder
7. Unspecified Somatic Symptom Disorder
10. Feeding and Eating
Disorders
1. Pica

2. Rumination Disorder

3. Avoidant/ Restrictive Food Intake Disorder

4. Anorexia Nervosa

5. Bulimia Nervosa

6. Binge-Eating Disorder

7. Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder

8. Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder

11. Elimination Disorders

1. Enuresis

2. Encopresis

3. Other Specified Elimination Disorder

4. Unspecified Elimination Disorder

 12. Sleep–Wake Disorders
1. Insomnia Disorder
2. Hypersomnolence Disorder
3. Narcolepsy
4. Breathing-Related Sleep Disorders
5. Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders
6. Parasomnias
7. Restless Legs Syndrome
8. Substance/Medication-Induced Sleep Disorder
9. Other Specified Insomnia Disorder
10. Unspecified Insomnia Disorder
11. Other Specified Hypersomnolence Disorder
12. Unspecified Hypersomnolence Disorder
13. Other Specified Sleep-Wake Disorder
14. Unspecified Sleep-Wake Disorder
 Sleep–Wake Disorders I
Insomnia Disorder
Hypersomnolence Disorder
Narcolepsy
Breathing-Related Sleep Disorders
 Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea
 Central Sleep Apnea
 Sleep-Related Hypoventilation
Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders
Parasomnias
 Non–Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Arousal Disorders
 Sleepwalking
 Sleep Terrors
 Nightmare Disorder
 Sleep–Wake Disorders II
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior
Disorder
Restless Legs Syndrome
Substance/Medication-Induced Sleep
Disorder
Other Specified Insomnia Disorder
Unspecified Insomnia Disorder
Other Specified Hypersomnolence Disorder
Unspecified Hypersomnolence Disorder
Other Specified Sleep-Wake Disorder
Unspecified Sleep-Wake Disorder
13. Sexual Dysfunctions

1. Delayed Ejaculation
2. Erectile Disorder
3. Female Orgasmic Disorder
4. Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder
5. Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder
6. Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
7. Premature (Early) Ejaculation
8. Substance/Medication-Induced Sexual
Dysfunction
9. Other Specified Sexual Dysfunction
10. Unspecified Sexual Dysfunction
14. Gender Dysphoria

1. Gender Dysphoria

2. Other Specified Gender Dysphoria

3. Unspecified Gender Dysphoria

15. Disruptive, Impulse-
Control, and Conduct
Disorders
1. Oppositional Defiant Disorder
2. Intermittent Explosive Disorder
3. Conduct Disorder
4. Antisocial Personality Disorder
5. Pyromania
6. Kleptomania
7. Other Specified Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and
Conduct Disorder
8. Unspecified Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct
Disorder
16. Substance-Related and
Addictive Disorders
1. Alcohol-Related Disorders
2. Caffeine-Related Disorders
3. Cannabis-Related Disorders
4. Hallucinogen-Related Disorders
5. Inhalant-Related Disorders
6. Opioid-Related Disorders
7. Sedative-, Hypnotic-, or Anxiolytic-Related
Disorders
8. Stimulant-Related Disorders
9. Tobacco-Related Disorders
10. Other (or Unknown) Substance–Related
Disorders
11. Gambling Disorder
 Substance-Related and
Addictive Disorders I
Substance-Related Disorders Caffeine-Related
Substance Use Disorders Disorders
Substance-Induced Disorders  Caffeine
 Substance Intoxication and Withdrawal Intoxication
  Caffeine
Substance/Medication-Induced Mental Disorders
Withdrawal
Alcohol-Related Disorders
 Other Caffeine-
 Alcohol Use Disorder
Induced
 Alcohol Intoxication
Disorders
 Alcohol Withdrawal  Unspecified
 Other Alcohol-Induced Disorders Caffeine-
 Unspecified Alcohol-Related Disorder Related Disorder
 Substance-Related and
Addictive Disorders III
Cannabis-Related
Hallucinogen-Related Disorders
Disorders
 Cannabis Use  Phencyclidine Use Disorder

Disorder Other Hallucinogen Use Disorder
 Cannabis Intoxication  Phencyclidine Intoxication
 Cannabis  Other Hallucinogen Intoxication
Withdrawal  Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder
 Other Cannabis-  Other Phencyclidine-Induced Disorders
Induced Disorders  Other Hallucinogen-Induced Disorders
 Unspecified  Unspecified Phencyclidine-Related Disorder
Cannabis-Related  Unspecified Hallucinogen-Related Disorder
Disorder
 Substance-Related and
Addictive Disorders III
Inhalant-Related Opioid-Related Disorders
Disorders  Opioid Use Disorder
 Inhalant Use Disorder  Opioid Intoxication
 Inhalant Intoxication  Opioid Withdrawal
 Other Inhalant-Induced  Other Opioid-Induced
Disorders Disorders
 Unspecified Inhalant-  Unspecified Opioid-Related
Related Disorder Disorder
 Substance-Related and
Addictive Disorders IV
Sedative-, Hypnotic-, or Anxiolytic- Stimulant-Related
Related Disorders Disorders
 Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic  Stimulant Use Disorder
Use Disorder
 Stimulant Intoxication
 Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic
Intoxication  Stimulant Withdrawal
 Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic  Other Stimulant-
Withdrawal Induced Disorders
 Other Sedative-, Hypnotic-, or  Unspecified Stimulant-
Anxiolytic-Induced Disorders
Related Disorder
 Unspecified Sedative-, Hypnotic-,
or Anxiolytic-Related Disorder
 Substance-Related and
Addictive Disorders V
Other (or Unknown)
Tobacco-Related Substance–Related Disorders
 Other (or Unknown) Substance Use
Disorders
Disorder
 Tobacco Use  Other (or Unknown) Substance Intoxication

Disorder  Other (or Unknown) Substance Withdrawal

 Other (or Unknown) Substance–Induced
 Tobacco Withdrawal Disorders
 Other Tobacco-  Unspecified Other (or Unknown)
Substance–Related Disorder
Induced Disorders
 Unspecified
Non-Substance-Related Disorders
Tobacco-Related Gambling Disorder
Disorder
17. Neurocognitive
Disorders
1. Delirium
2. Other Specified Delirium
3. Unspecified Delirium
4. Major and Mild Neurocognitive
Disorders
 Neurocognitive Disorders I
Delirium
Other Specified Delirium
Unspecified Delirium
Major and Mild
Neurocognitive Disorders
 Major Neurocognitive
Disorder
 Mild Neurocognitive Disorder
 Major or Mild Neurocognitive
Disorder Due to Alzheimer’s
Disease
 Major or Mild
Frontotemporal
Neurocognitive Disorder
 Major or Mild
Neurocognitive Disorder
With Lewy Bodies
 Major or Mild Vascular
Neurocognitive Disorder
 Major or Mild
Neurocognitive Disorder Due
to Traumatic Brain Injury
 Neurocognitive Disorders II
 Major or Mild
 Substance/Medication-
Neurocognitive Disorder
Induced Major or Mild Due to Huntington’s
Neurocognitive Disorder Disease
 Major or Mild  Major or Mild
Neurocognitive Disorder Neurocognitive Disorder
Due to HIV Infection
Due to Another Medical
 Major or Mild Condition
Neurocognitive Disorder
Due to Prion Disease  Major or Mild
 Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder
Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Multiple Etiologies
Due to Parkinson’s 
Disease
Unspecified
Neurocognitive Disorder
18. Personality Disorders

1. General Personality Disorder

2. Cluster A Personality Disorders
3. Cluster B Personality Disorders
4. Cluster C Personality Disorders
5. Other Personality Disorders
6. Personality Change Due to Another
Medical Condition
7. Other Specified Personality Disorder
8. Unspecified Personality Disorder
 Personality Disorders
General Personality Disorder
Cluster A Personality Disorders
 Paranoid Personality Disorder
 Schizoid Personality Disorder
 
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Cluster B Personality Disorders
 Antisocial Personality Disorder

Borderline Personality Disorder
 Histrionic Personality Disorder
 Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Cluster C Personality Disorders
 Avoidant Personality Disorder
 Dependent Personality
Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive
Personality Disorder
Other Personality Disorders
Personality Change Due to
Another Medical Condition
Other Specified Personality
Disorder
Unspecified Personality Disorder
19. Paraphilic Disorders
1. Voyeuristic Disorder
2. Exhibitionistic Disorder
3. Frotteuristic Disorder
4. Sexual Masochism Disorder
5. Sexual Sadism Disorder
6. Pedophilic Disorder
7. Fetishistic Disorder
8. Transvestic Disorder
9. Other Specified Paraphilic Disorder
10. Unspecified Paraphilic Disorder
20. Other Mental Disorders

1. Other Specified Mental Disorder Due

to Another Medical Condition
2. Unspecified Mental Disorder Due to
Another Medical Condition
3. Other Specified Mental Disorder
4. Unspecified Mental Disorder
21. Medication-Induced Movement Disorders
and Other Adverse Effects of Medication
1. Neuroleptic-Induced Parkinsonism Other
Medication-Induced Parkinsonism
2. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
3. Medication-Induced Acute Dystonia
4. Medication-Induced Acute Akathisia
5. Tardive Dyskinesia
6. Tardive Dystonia
7. Tardive Akathisia
8. Medication-Induced Postural Tremor
9. Other Medication-Induced Movement Disorder
10. Antidepressant Discontinuation Syndrome
 22. Other Conditions That May Be a
Focus of Clinical Attention
1. Relational Problems
2. Abuse and Neglect
3. Educational and Occupational Problems
4. Housing and Economic Problems
5. Other Problems Related to the Social Environment
6. Problems Related to Crime or Interaction With the
Legal System
7. Other Health Service Encounters
8. Problems Related to Other Psychosocial, Personal,
and Environmental Circumstances
9. Other Circumstances of Personal History