THE COMPUTER

SOFTWARE
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 SOFTWARE
Refers to the programs that control the operation of a computer.

TWO TYPES OF COMPUTER SOFTWARE

1. Application software
2. System software

APPLICATION SOFTWARE
Are programs designed to perform a specific function
i.e. Ms word, Ms excel, Database, etc

SYSTEM SOFTWARE
Are programs designed to help computer to perform its function.
i.e. Operating system, Anti virus, etc
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 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM
1. Single user single task Os
2. Single user multi task OS
3. Multi user multi task OS
4. Multi processing OS
5. Real time OS

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 SINGLE USER SINGLE TASK OS
Is the system software which is used by a single user and it can perform a
single task at a time

SINGLE USER MULTI TASK OS

This is used by a single user but it can perform many functions at a time

MULTI USER MULTI TASK OS

Can be used by many users also can perform many functions at a time

MULTI PROCESSING OS
This is OS that supports more than one processor.
i.e. Window XP, Linux, etc

REAL TIME OS
Used as a control device in a dedicated application.
i.e. Control scientific experiments, Industrial system, etc
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 UTILITY SOFTWARE
This is the software that enables user to manage files.
i.e. Ant-virus, disk cleaner, system restore, task manager, etc

FUNCTION OF UTILITY SOFTWARE

i. Display error message
ii. Detect malicious files
iii. Delete all infected files
iv. Protect computer from being harmed
v. Recovery damaged filed of the system

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 OPERATING SYSTEM (OS)
Is a program that acts as an intermediate between
computer user and computer hardware

FUNCTIONS OF OS
i. Processor management
ii. Memory management
iii. Virtual storage
iv. Device management
v. Information management

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 Example of OS
i. Windows 2000
ii. Window XP, Vista, 7 and 8
iii. Linux

INTRODUCTION TO WINDOWS BASICS

Windows
Is a graphical user interface kind of OS like MS-DOS ,
Linux, Unix, Macintosh, etc

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 1. Switching on a computer
On starting computer the figure shows you the first
screen. The screen is called Desktop

Desktop – This is a first screen of windows

2. Switching off a computer

- click on start menu
- Click on shutdown
- OK

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 3. The start menu
Used to access the list of programs found in the computer

4. Minimizing
This puts the current windows temporary in the taskbar at the
bottom of the desktop

Maximizing
This makes the current window to fill the whole screen

Restoring
This is the size of a window before being maximized or
minimized
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 5. Understanding windows menus

Shutdown
Contains option of shutting down, restart and standby

Run
Enables the user to type the program for running

Help
Assist user to facilitate something regarding windows functions

Setting
Help user to make various setting i.e. background, date, time, etc

Documents
Hosts the most recently used files
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 6. Setting screen background
i. Right click and select property
ii. Select background
iii. Ok

7. Setting screen server

iv. Right click on desktop
v. Select property
vi. Screen saver tab
vii. Ok

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 8. My computer
Is one of the standard icons which comes with windows OS

How to view its contents

i. Double click the icon
ii. Yellow icons are folders
iii. All grey icons are drivers
iv. All other colored icons are files

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 9. Working with window explorer
It used to organize name, rename and view files, folders
and drivers within a computer

Changing views
i. Open the folder or drive
ii. Right click on empty space inside that window
iii. Choose view icons

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 Arranging icons
For easy access of your files and folders you decide to
arrange them in a specific order.
i.e. by name, by type, size or date

Steps
i. Right click
ii. Select arrange icons
iii. Specify criteria

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 A FOLDER
Is a tool used to collect related files or folders

Steps
i. Right click
ii. New
iii. Folder
iv. Type name (ok)

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 Renaming folder
i. Right click
ii. Rename
iii. OK

Information about Hard Disk Capacity

iv. Open my computer
v. Right click disk C
vi. Click properties

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 Information about type of CPU speed of CPU RAM
capacity and version of windows OS used

Steps
i. Click start menu then control panel
ii. Performance and maintained icon
iii. Double click system icon
iv. Click general button
v. Get all information required

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 To delete folder
i. Right click
ii. Delete

To copy a folder and Paste

iii. Right click
iv. Copy
v. Go to file location
vi. Right click
vii. Paste

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